{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3079955638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22080906","title":"From Knowledge Transmission to Knowledge Construction: A Step towards Human-Like Active Learning","display_name":"From Knowledge Transmission to Knowledge Construction: A Step towards Human-Like Active Learning","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3079955638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22080906","mag":"3079955638","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33286675"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22080906","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22080906","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/8/906/pdf?version=1597750551","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/8/906/pdf?version=1597750551","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090465649","display_name":"Ilona Kulikovskikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6653-5978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124489027","display_name":"Samara National Research University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ggagb37","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124489027"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ilona Kulikovskikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems and Technologies, Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, 443086 Samara, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems and Technologies, Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, 443086 Samara, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124489027"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009325271","display_name":"Tomislav Lipi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-8198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123216","display_name":"Rudjer Boskovic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02mw21745","country_code":"HR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123216"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomislav Lipic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electronics, Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute, Bijeni\u010dka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electronics, Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute, Bijeni\u010dka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072943068","display_name":"Tomislav \u0160muc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-9384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123216","display_name":"Rudjer Boskovic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02mw21745","country_code":"HR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123216"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomislav \u0160muc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electronics, Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute, Bijeni\u010dka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electronics, Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute, Bijeni\u010dka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090465649"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124489027"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.5485,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73705249,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"8","first_page":"906","last_page":"906"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9702000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9664999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.598222553730011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.5158778429031372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5051770806312561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09897208213806152}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.598222553730011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5158778429031372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5051770806312561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09897208213806152}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22080906","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22080906","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/8/906/pdf?version=1597750551","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33286675","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33286675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fce34e0862aa46b192b289912828f247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fce34e0862aa46b192b289912828f247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 22, Iss 8, p 906 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fulir.irb.hr:6015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/8/906","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400095","display_name":"Institutional Repository  of the Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute (Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210123216","host_organization_name":"Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123216"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel. Online)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/22/8/906/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22080906","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 22; Issue 8; Pages: 906","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7517531","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7517531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22080906","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22080906","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/8/906/pdf?version=1597750551","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1010573066","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KK.01.1.1.01.000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1399045467","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"074-U01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321912","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1965138674","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"074-U01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2171898597","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KK.01.1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2181880775","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KK.01.1.1.01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2420987771","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KK.01.1.1.0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3514550006","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Centre","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3875748329","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"European Regional Development Fund","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4100563467","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KK.01.1.1.01.0009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5744929738","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KK.01.1.1.01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6660225447","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"co-financed","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8538941428","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Regional Development Fund","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8618518428","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KK.01.1.1.01.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321912","display_name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","ror":"https://ror.org/00ghqgy32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3079955638.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3079955638.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W603830301","https://openalex.org/W1523223036","https://openalex.org/W1807800941","https://openalex.org/W1982959183","https://openalex.org/W1984225473","https://openalex.org/W2008989859","https://openalex.org/W2011674654","https://openalex.org/W2012878613","https://openalex.org/W2028121787","https://openalex.org/W2035126508","https://openalex.org/W2061554433","https://openalex.org/W2124244761","https://openalex.org/W2131495543","https://openalex.org/W2134512579","https://openalex.org/W2142518823","https://openalex.org/W2194321275","https://openalex.org/W2273048275","https://openalex.org/W2363271104","https://openalex.org/W2408920689","https://openalex.org/W2511481364","https://openalex.org/W2565363259","https://openalex.org/W2570797523","https://openalex.org/W2573725780","https://openalex.org/W2613930853","https://openalex.org/W2739068567","https://openalex.org/W2748386424","https://openalex.org/W2760364374","https://openalex.org/W2774918944","https://openalex.org/W2793546384","https://openalex.org/W2801616076","https://openalex.org/W2889623423","https://openalex.org/W2898694742","https://openalex.org/W2901595091","https://openalex.org/W2901632766","https://openalex.org/W2903158431","https://openalex.org/W2903987318","https://openalex.org/W2912981918","https://openalex.org/W2941898411","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2948670484","https://openalex.org/W2951025196","https://openalex.org/W2963305465","https://openalex.org/W2963902936","https://openalex.org/W2970833205","https://openalex.org/W2977942577","https://openalex.org/W2979369196","https://openalex.org/W2979516172","https://openalex.org/W2988893955","https://openalex.org/W3014249243","https://openalex.org/W3082928650","https://openalex.org/W3099849198","https://openalex.org/W4245439180","https://openalex.org/W4246435226","https://openalex.org/W4250416739","https://openalex.org/W4252684946","https://openalex.org/W6600002382","https://openalex.org/W6638469349","https://openalex.org/W6679434900","https://openalex.org/W6735374517","https://openalex.org/W6741753795","https://openalex.org/W6741776117","https://openalex.org/W6756615331","https://openalex.org/W6756852718"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Machines":[0],"usually":[1],"employ":[2],"a":[3,14,33,78,87,132,187],"guess-and-check":[4],"strategy":[5,134,159,181],"to":[6,23,89,91,112],"analyze":[7],"data:":[8],"they":[9],"take":[10],"the":[11,17,24,54,104,137,143,147,157,161,178],"data,":[12],"make":[13],"guess,":[15],"check":[16],"answer,":[18],"adjust":[19],"it":[20],"with":[21,160],"regard":[22],"correct":[25],"one":[26],"if":[27],"necessary,":[28],"and":[29,59,82,168],"try":[30],"again":[31],"on":[32,46],"new":[34,133],"data":[35,51,62,141],"set.":[36],"An":[37],"active":[38,75,96,123,164],"learning":[39,72,76,97,124,165],"environment":[40,125],"guarantees":[41],"better":[42],"performance":[43],"while":[44,94],"training":[45],"less,":[47],"but":[48,185],"carefully":[49],"chosen,":[50],"which":[52],"reduces":[53],"costs":[55],"of":[56,80,106,140,173],"both":[57],"annotating":[58],"analyzing":[60],"large":[61],"sets.":[63],"This":[64],"issue":[65],"becomes":[66],"even":[67],"more":[68,188],"critical":[69],"for":[70,102,191],"deep":[71,197],"applications.":[73],"Human-like":[74],"integrates":[77],"variety":[79],"strategies":[81,98],"instructional":[83],"models":[84,195],"chosen":[85],"by":[86,120],"teacher":[88],"contribute":[90],"learners'":[92,113],"knowledge,":[93],"machine":[95],"lack":[99],"versatile":[100],"tools":[101],"shifting":[103],"focus":[105],"instruction":[107],"away":[108],"from":[109,146],"knowledge":[110,114,194],"transmission":[111],"construction.":[115],"We":[116,130,155],"approach":[117],"this":[118],"gap":[119],"considering":[121],"an":[122,127],"in":[126,196],"educational":[128],"setting.":[129],"propose":[131],"that":[135,177],"measures":[136],"information":[138,144],"capacity":[139],"using":[142],"function":[145],"four-parameter":[148],"logistic":[149],"item":[150],"response":[151],"theory":[152],"(4PL":[153],"IRT).":[154],"compared":[156],"proposed":[158],"most":[162],"common":[163],"strategies-Least":[166],"Confidence":[167],"Entropy":[169],"Sampling.":[170],"The":[171],"results":[172],"computational":[174],"experiments":[175],"showed":[176],"Information":[179],"Capacity":[180],"shares":[182],"similar":[183],"behavior":[184],"provides":[186],"flexible":[189],"framework":[190],"building":[192],"transparent":[193],"learning.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}