{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045524114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22080838","title":"Forecasting Bitcoin Trends Using Algorithmic Learning Systems","display_name":"Forecasting Bitcoin Trends Using Algorithmic Learning Systems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045524114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22080838","mag":"3045524114","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33286608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22080838","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22080838","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/8/838/pdf?version=1596100938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/8/838/pdf?version=1596100938","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018113933","display_name":"Gil Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1173-0338"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23973178","display_name":"Western Galilee College","ror":"https://ror.org/00ajd9b21","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23973178"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gil Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Western Galilee Academic College, P.O.Box, 2125, Acre 2412101, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Western Galilee Academic College, P.O.Box, 2125, Acre 2412101, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23973178"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018113933"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23973178"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":4.2608,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94520548,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"8","first_page":"838","last_page":"838"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11326","display_name":"Stock Market Forecasting Methods","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11326","display_name":"Stock Market Forecasting Methods","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11059","display_name":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5875181555747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liberian-dollar","display_name":"Liberian dollar","score":0.5683799982070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-walk","display_name":"Random walk","score":0.5564306378364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.5388095378875732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.5007483959197998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-regression","display_name":"Linear regression","score":0.47957509756088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4685325026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-dollar","display_name":"Us dollar","score":0.41360458731651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3049946129322052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.25341564416885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.23050644993782043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1594015657901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.12064936757087708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exchange-rate","display_name":"Exchange rate","score":0.08547449111938477}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5875181555747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109168655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242988","display_name":"Liberian dollar","level":2,"score":0.5683799982070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121194460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856741","display_name":"Random walk","level":2,"score":0.5564306378364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.5388095378875732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.5007483959197998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.47957509756088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4685325026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019931467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917","display_name":"Us dollar","level":3,"score":0.41360458731651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3049946129322052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.25341564416885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.23050644993782043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1594015657901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.12064936757087708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776988154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66100","display_name":"Exchange rate","level":2,"score":0.08547449111938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22080838","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22080838","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/8/838/pdf?version=1596100938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33286608","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33286608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e3caa3b98429446583352ea62317b36b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e3caa3b98429446583352ea62317b36b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 22, Iss 8, p 838 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/22/8/838/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22080838","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 22; Issue 8; Pages: 838","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7517437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7517437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22080838","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22080838","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/8/838/pdf?version=1596100938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3045524114.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3045524114.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103145994","https://openalex.org/W1835176610","https://openalex.org/W1917632984","https://openalex.org/W2012615794","https://openalex.org/W2292988367","https://openalex.org/W2326524536","https://openalex.org/W2513607014","https://openalex.org/W2601386739","https://openalex.org/W2613948579","https://openalex.org/W2773123610","https://openalex.org/W2901487042","https://openalex.org/W2907275872","https://openalex.org/W2910062285","https://openalex.org/W2950376465","https://openalex.org/W2969798533","https://openalex.org/W2991033465","https://openalex.org/W3021511960","https://openalex.org/W3099906806","https://openalex.org/W3123444608","https://openalex.org/W6757702470"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077259839","https://openalex.org/W4229061126","https://openalex.org/W1520945302","https://openalex.org/W4244408800","https://openalex.org/W2972545149","https://openalex.org/W2374859554","https://openalex.org/W4233948061","https://openalex.org/W2371670209","https://openalex.org/W2015016672","https://openalex.org/W2520091384"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1,16],"has":[2],"examined":[3],"the":[4,24,29,62,77,97,119,155],"ability":[5],"of":[6,26,31,38,66,126],"two":[7,147],"forecasting":[8,53,64],"methods":[9],"to":[10,51,60,95],"forecast":[11],"Bitcoin's":[12,71],"price":[13,72,99],"trends.":[14,100],"The":[15,115,151],"is":[17,123,159],"based":[18],"on":[19,149],"Bitcoin-USA":[20],"dollar":[21],"prices":[22],"from":[23],"beginning":[25],"2012":[27],"until":[28],"end":[30],"March":[32],"2020.":[33],"Such":[34],"a":[35,113,142],"long":[36],"period":[37],"time":[39],"that":[40,70,84,104],"includes":[41],"volatile":[42],"periods":[43],"with":[44,162],"strong":[45],"up":[46],"and":[47,83,88],"downtrends":[48],"introduces":[49],"challenges":[50],"any":[52],"system.":[54],"We":[55,101],"use":[56],"particle":[57],"swarm":[58],"optimization":[59],"find":[61,103],"best":[63,116,152],"combinations":[65],"setups.":[67],"Results":[68],"show":[69],"changes":[73],"do":[74],"not":[75],"follow":[76],"\"Random":[78],"Walk\"":[79],"efficient":[80,135],"market":[81],"hypothesis":[82],"both":[85,105],"Darvas":[86,120,129],"Box":[87,121],"Linear":[89,156],"Regression":[90,157],"techniques":[91],"can":[92],"help":[93],"traders":[94],"predict":[96],"bitcoin's":[98],"also":[102],"methodologies":[106],"work":[107],"better":[108],"predicting":[109,136],"an":[110],"uptrend":[111,131],"than":[112],"downtrend.":[114],"setup":[117,153],"for":[118,154],"strategy":[122],"six":[124],"days":[125,148,161],"formation.":[127],"A":[128],"box":[130],"signal":[132,144],"was":[133],"found":[134],"four":[137],"sequential":[138],"daily":[139],"returns":[140],"while":[141],"downtrend":[143],"faded":[145],"after":[146],"average.":[150],"model":[158],"42":[160],"1":[163],"standard":[164],"deviation.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}