{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016863277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22040462","title":"Day and Night Changes of Cardiovascular Complexity: A Multi-Fractal Multi-Scale Analysis","display_name":"Day and Night Changes of Cardiovascular Complexity: A Multi-Fractal Multi-Scale Analysis","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016863277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22040462","mag":"3016863277","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33286236"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22040462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22040462","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/4/462/pdf?version=1587963249","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/4/462/pdf?version=1587963249","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072104330","display_name":"Paolo Castiglioni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-2605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116940","display_name":"Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02e3ssq97","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116940"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Castiglioni","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20148 Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-2605","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20148 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009318704","display_name":"Stefano Omboni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7124-2096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17877952","display_name":"Sechenov University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yqqv993","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17877952"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159016","display_name":"Italian Institute of Telemedicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05bwv7f37","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159016"]}],"countries":["IT","RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Omboni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Italian Institute of Telemedicine, 21048 Solbiate Arno, Italy","Scientific Research Department of Cardiology, Science and Technology Park for Biomedicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7124-2096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Institute of Telemedicine, 21048 Solbiate Arno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scientific Research Department of Cardiology, Science and Technology Park for Biomedicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17877952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015206826","display_name":"Gianfranco Parati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-7439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134201","display_name":"IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano","ror":"https://ror.org/033qpss18","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134201","https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153126","display_name":"Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico","ror":"https://ror.org/04tfzc498","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianfranco Parati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy","Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, S.Luca Hospital, 20149 Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-7439","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, S.Luca Hospital, 20149 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134201","https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063035109","display_name":"Andrea Faini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8924-8234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134201","display_name":"IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano","ror":"https://ror.org/033qpss18","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134201","https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153126","display_name":"Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico","ror":"https://ror.org/04tfzc498","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Faini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, S.Luca Hospital, 20149 Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8924-8234","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, S.Luca Hospital, 20149 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134201","https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072104330"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116940"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":3.1053,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94060337,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"4","first_page":"462","last_page":"462"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12946","display_name":"Fractal and DNA sequence analysis","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10244","display_name":"Chaos control and synchronization","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multifractal-system","display_name":"Multifractal system","score":0.8307631015777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detrended-fluctuation-analysis","display_name":"Detrended fluctuation analysis","score":0.6752731204032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"Heart rate","score":0.5995615720748901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circadian-rhythm","display_name":"Circadian rhythm","score":0.5416797399520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.49561965465545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.48866990208625793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.47571995854377747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal","display_name":"Fractal","score":0.460157185792923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.45096567273139954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate-variability","display_name":"Heart rate variability","score":0.44953233003616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"Blood pressure","score":0.42765510082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.41084814071655273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.40650278329849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.38728201389312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.35946232080459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3134177327156067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3131709098815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.1717236042022705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133905733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2629238","display_name":"Multifractal system","level":3,"score":0.8307631015777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21689155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2451452","display_name":"Detrended fluctuation analysis","level":3,"score":0.6752731204032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.5995615720748901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121446783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208353","display_name":"Circadian rhythm","level":2,"score":0.5416797399520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.49561965465545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.48866990208625793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.47571995854377747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40636538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81392","display_name":"Fractal","level":2,"score":0.460157185792923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.45096567273139954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71635504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933954","display_name":"Heart rate variability","level":4,"score":0.44953233003616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.42765510082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.41084814071655273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.40650278329849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.38728201389312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.35946232080459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3134177327156067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3131709098815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.1717236042022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22040462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22040462","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/4/462/pdf?version=1587963249","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33286236","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33286236","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f449c743ade7493d912591e3716769ce","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f449c743ade7493d912591e3716769ce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 22, Iss 4, p 462 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irinsubria.uninsubria.it:11383/2146275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11383/2146275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196351","display_name":"IrInSubria (University of Insubria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I115752224","host_organization_name":"University of Insubria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115752224"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/22/4/462/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22040462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7516947","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7516947","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22040462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22040462","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/4/462/pdf?version=1587963249","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016863277.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016863277.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482712725","https://openalex.org/W1749835480","https://openalex.org/W1824152488","https://openalex.org/W1929108078","https://openalex.org/W1978754553","https://openalex.org/W1980806135","https://openalex.org/W1991189703","https://openalex.org/W2007702694","https://openalex.org/W2013154698","https://openalex.org/W2023583070","https://openalex.org/W2024383241","https://openalex.org/W2032793274","https://openalex.org/W2043853541","https://openalex.org/W2053421560","https://openalex.org/W2064582453","https://openalex.org/W2069809367","https://openalex.org/W2071602085","https://openalex.org/W2071666568","https://openalex.org/W2073018172","https://openalex.org/W2075514521","https://openalex.org/W2103484453","https://openalex.org/W2128811196","https://openalex.org/W2137725485","https://openalex.org/W2159402223","https://openalex.org/W2165419106","https://openalex.org/W2166782307","https://openalex.org/W2285072859","https://openalex.org/W2318325447","https://openalex.org/W2737605823","https://openalex.org/W2897962296","https://openalex.org/W2919618642","https://openalex.org/W2951827065","https://openalex.org/W2979400500","https://openalex.org/W3099997382","https://openalex.org/W3122507959","https://openalex.org/W4235121043","https://openalex.org/W4298441315","https://openalex.org/W6768667075"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2010006040","https://openalex.org/W1482815418","https://openalex.org/W2212873559","https://openalex.org/W2951396136","https://openalex.org/W1969474323","https://openalex.org/W3195868191","https://openalex.org/W3123447783","https://openalex.org/W2276021326","https://openalex.org/W3149603291","https://openalex.org/W2912451188"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u2260":[0],"2":[1],"suggest":[2],"that":[3],"DFA":[4],"may":[5],"effectively":[6],"integrate":[7],"the":[8,17],"linear":[9],"spectral":[10],"information":[11],"with":[12],"complexity-domain":[13],"information,":[14],"possibly":[15],"improving":[16],"monitoring":[18],"of":[19,24],"cardiac":[20],"interventions":[21],"and":[22],"protocols":[23],"rehabilitation":[25],"medicine.":[26]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
