{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2999136566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22010099","title":"On Heat Transfer Performance of Cooling Systems Using Nanofluid for Electric Motor Applications","display_name":"On Heat Transfer Performance of Cooling Systems Using Nanofluid for Electric Motor Applications","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2999136566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22010099","mag":"2999136566","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33285875"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22010099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22010099","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/1/99/pdf?version=1582186963","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/1/99/pdf?version=1582186963","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066229702","display_name":"Ali Deriszadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3488-1494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali Deriszadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3488-1494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076068569","display_name":"Filippo de Monte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0174-6990"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filippo de Monte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0174-6990","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066229702"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":1.6556,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82192067,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"99","last_page":"99"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11945","display_name":"Heat Transfer Mechanisms","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10998","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofluid","display_name":"Nanofluid","score":0.9397662878036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"Heat transfer","score":0.7005646228790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coolant","display_name":"Coolant","score":0.6959958672523499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6331354379653931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laminar-flow","display_name":"Laminar flow","score":0.6158022284507751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressure-drop","display_name":"Pressure drop","score":0.6068413853645325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.5820257067680359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluid-dynamics","display_name":"Fluid dynamics","score":0.5575973391532898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reynolds-number","display_name":"Reynolds number","score":0.5427513122558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-cooling","display_name":"Water cooling","score":0.5104157328605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-fluid","display_name":"Working fluid","score":0.4687994122505188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer-enhancement","display_name":"Heat transfer enhancement","score":0.46570757031440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.44528713822364807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer-coefficient","display_name":"Heat transfer coefficient","score":0.2296433448791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14268171787261963}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21946209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1989679","display_name":"Nanofluid","level":3,"score":0.9397662878036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.7005646228790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91914117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056832","display_name":"Coolant","level":2,"score":0.6959958672523499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6331354379653931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76563973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189452","display_name":"Laminar flow","level":2,"score":0.6158022284507751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114088122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261069","display_name":"Pressure drop","level":2,"score":0.6068413853645325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5820257067680359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90278072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216320","display_name":"Fluid dynamics","level":2,"score":0.5575973391532898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182748727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178932","display_name":"Reynolds number","level":3,"score":0.5427513122558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7694927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7667810","display_name":"Water cooling","level":2,"score":0.5104157328605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779301550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217236","display_name":"Working fluid","level":2,"score":0.4687994122505188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777777821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25111513","display_name":"Heat transfer enhancement","level":4,"score":0.46570757031440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.44528713822364807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29700514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634340","display_name":"Heat transfer coefficient","level":3,"score":0.2296433448791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14268171787261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22010099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22010099","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/1/99/pdf?version=1582186963","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33285875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33285875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:19282d100fda40d59e6c500186737a9f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/19282d100fda40d59e6c500186737a9f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 22, Iss 1, p 99 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/22/1/99/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22010099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7516535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7516535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e22010099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e22010099","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/1/99/pdf?version=1582186963","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7422644835","display_name":"Rare Earth Free e-Drives featuring low cost manufacturing","funder_award_id":"770143","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999136566.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999136566.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W304247831","https://openalex.org/W1657539713","https://openalex.org/W1987440842","https://openalex.org/W1988048851","https://openalex.org/W2023040571","https://openalex.org/W2028555051","https://openalex.org/W2142545186","https://openalex.org/W2158084737","https://openalex.org/W2267922743","https://openalex.org/W2284353185","https://openalex.org/W2493783674","https://openalex.org/W2531163892","https://openalex.org/W2573510748","https://openalex.org/W2595776428","https://openalex.org/W2737766383","https://openalex.org/W2776400672","https://openalex.org/W2782825037","https://openalex.org/W2799051849","https://openalex.org/W2809762608","https://openalex.org/W2905536935","https://openalex.org/W2911598654","https://openalex.org/W2942321278","https://openalex.org/W2952941159","https://openalex.org/W2961473612","https://openalex.org/W2969775633","https://openalex.org/W2993269043","https://openalex.org/W3124862676","https://openalex.org/W6636995792","https://openalex.org/W6694064212"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063777876","https://openalex.org/W2886903305","https://openalex.org/W2754636322","https://openalex.org/W2382495646","https://openalex.org/W2490238098","https://openalex.org/W2468856243","https://openalex.org/W2745111817","https://openalex.org/W2989701966","https://openalex.org/W2377239775","https://openalex.org/W2082062997"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,134],"paper":[1,135],"studies":[2],"the":[3,16,38,79,83,88,94,102,107,111,118,121,125,130,154],"fluid":[4,42,46,53,61,81,127,147],"flow":[5,148],"and":[6,44,64,128,149],"heat":[7,84,103,150],"transfer":[8,85,104,151],"characteristics":[9,152],"of":[10,19,66,74,87,97,106,117,124,153],"nanofluids":[11],"as":[12],"advance":[13],"coolants":[14],"for":[15,29],"cooling":[17,31,89,108],"system":[18,32,90],"electric":[20],"motors.":[21],"Investigations":[22],"are":[23,49,69],"carried":[24],"out":[25],"using":[26],"numerical":[27],"analysis":[28,48],"a":[30,57,114,139],"with":[33,56],"spiral":[34,67],"channels.":[35],"To":[36],"solve":[37],"governing":[39],"equations,":[40],"computational":[41],"dynamics":[43],"3D":[45],"motion":[47],"used.":[50],"The":[51,60,72],"base":[52,80],"is":[54,91],"water":[55],"laminar":[58],"flow.":[59],"Reynolds":[62],"number":[63],"turn-number":[65],"channels":[68],"evaluation":[70],"parameters.":[71],"effect":[73],"nanoparticles":[75,98],"volume":[76,95],"fraction":[77,96,116],"in":[78],"on":[82],"performance":[86,105],"studied.":[92],"Increasing":[93],"leads":[99],"to":[100],"improving":[101],"system.":[109],"On":[110],"other":[112],"hand,":[113],"high-volume":[115],"nanofluid":[119],"increases":[120,129],"pressure":[122],"drop":[123],"coolant":[126],"required":[131],"pumping":[132],"power.":[133],"aims":[136],"at":[137],"finding":[138],"trade-off":[140],"between":[141],"effective":[142],"parameters":[143],"by":[144],"studying":[145],"both":[146],"nanofluid.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-22T08:00:12.763002","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}