{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2982537107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21121150","title":"Generalization of the Landauer Principle for Computing Devices Based on Many-Valued Logic","display_name":"Generalization of the Landauer Principle for Computing Devices Based on Many-Valued Logic","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2982537107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21121150","mag":"2982537107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21121150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21121150","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/12/1150/pdf?version=1576574349","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/12/1150/pdf?version=1576574349","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088635445","display_name":"Edward Bormashenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1356-2486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52170813","display_name":"Ariel University","ror":"https://ror.org/03nz8qe97","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52170813"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Edward Bormashenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Sciences Faculty, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1356-2486","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Sciences Faculty, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52170813"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088635445"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52170813"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":1.6661,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84757554,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"12","first_page":"1150","last_page":"1150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11520","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11520","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reversible-computing","display_name":"Reversible computing","score":0.6364585757255554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5136880278587341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erasure","display_name":"Erasure","score":0.48831698298454285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ternary-operation","display_name":"Ternary operation","score":0.47254109382629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.4703514873981476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.45372486114501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4330371618270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.4318747818470001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3986935615539551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3758581280708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.3312148153781891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3224868178367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.27534183859825134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.08146160840988159}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20274610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185410","display_name":"Reversible computing","level":4,"score":0.6364585757255554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5136880278587341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778790127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484885","display_name":"Erasure","level":2,"score":0.48831698298454285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64452783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1524945","display_name":"Ternary operation","level":2,"score":0.47254109382629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.4703514873981476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.45372486114501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4330371618270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.4318747818470001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3986935615539551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3758581280708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3312148153781891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3224868178367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.27534183859825134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.08146160840988159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21121150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21121150","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/12/1150/pdf?version=1576574349","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/21/12/1150/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21121150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7514495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7514495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21121150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21121150","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/12/1150/pdf?version=1576574349","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2982537107.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490320524","https://openalex.org/W1490935643","https://openalex.org/W1582426970","https://openalex.org/W1813753580","https://openalex.org/W1901807635","https://openalex.org/W1964777250","https://openalex.org/W1986041196","https://openalex.org/W1999333609","https://openalex.org/W2012072427","https://openalex.org/W2018365574","https://openalex.org/W2025344749","https://openalex.org/W2028281484","https://openalex.org/W2030769814","https://openalex.org/W2031451638","https://openalex.org/W2049450494","https://openalex.org/W2051404975","https://openalex.org/W2071214852","https://openalex.org/W2075286359","https://openalex.org/W2121484865","https://openalex.org/W2136578967","https://openalex.org/W2154550634","https://openalex.org/W2470314357","https://openalex.org/W2596299558","https://openalex.org/W2790785914","https://openalex.org/W2795124542","https://openalex.org/W2951672354","https://openalex.org/W2971453331","https://openalex.org/W3100189984","https://openalex.org/W3102485306","https://openalex.org/W3104084688","https://openalex.org/W3104339946","https://openalex.org/W4233798822","https://openalex.org/W6658151627","https://openalex.org/W6663295414"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4212823615","https://openalex.org/W2808177279","https://openalex.org/W2947424832","https://openalex.org/W1482475713","https://openalex.org/W1437335238","https://openalex.org/W1604698674","https://openalex.org/W2104823458","https://openalex.org/W1982891200","https://openalex.org/W4301027988","https://openalex.org/W2185562354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,104],"Landauer":[1,35,86,115],"principle":[2,14,87],"asserts":[3],"that":[4,16,84],"\u201cthe":[5],"information":[6,113],"is":[7,18,48,62,75],"physical\u201d.":[8],"In":[9],"its":[10],"strict":[11],"meaning,":[12],"Landauer\u2019s":[13],"states":[15],"there":[17],"a":[19,52,73,132],"minimum":[20],"possible":[21],"amount":[22],"of":[23,30,51,109,112],"energy":[24,105],"required":[25],"to":[26],"erase":[27],"one":[28,110],"bit":[29,111],"information,":[31],"known":[32],"as":[33],"the":[34,49,57,68,78,85,91,97,128],"bound":[36],"W":[37,117],"=":[38,118],"k":[39,60,119],"B":[40,61,120],"T":[41,47,121],"l":[42,122],"n":[43,123],"2":[44,124],",":[45],"where":[46],"temperature":[50],"thermal":[53],"reservoir":[54],"used":[55],"in":[56,71,77],"process":[58],"and":[59,99],"Boltzmann\u2019s":[63],"constant.":[64],"Modern":[65],"computers":[66],"use":[67],"binary":[69],"system":[70],"which":[72],"number":[74],"expressed":[76],"base-2":[79],"numeral":[80],"system.":[81],"We":[82],"demonstrate":[83],"remains":[88,125],"valid":[89],"for":[90,107,127],"physical":[92],"computing":[93,129],"device":[94],"based":[95],"on":[96],"ternary,":[98],"more":[100],"generally,":[101],"N-based":[102],"logic.":[103,134],"necessary":[106],"erasure":[108],"(the":[114],"bound)":[116],"untouched":[126],"devices":[130],"exploiting":[131],"many-valued":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
