{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2967431304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080800","title":"Quantum Simulation Logic, Oracles, and the Quantum Advantage","display_name":"Quantum Simulation Logic, Oracles, and the Quantum Advantage","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2967431304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080800","mag":"2967431304","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33267513"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21080800","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080800","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/8/800/pdf?version=1565951295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/8/800/pdf?version=1565951295","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Niklas Johansson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5888-1291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Niklas Johansson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institutionen f\u00f6r Systemteknik, Link\u00f6pings Universitet, 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5888-1291","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institutionen f\u00f6r Systemteknik, Link\u00f6pings Universitet, 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jan-\u00c5ke Larsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-8325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan-\u00c5ke Larsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institutionen f\u00f6r Systemteknik, Link\u00f6pings Universitet, 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-8325","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institutionen f\u00f6r Systemteknik, Link\u00f6pings Universitet, 581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":1.596,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87850302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"8","first_page":"800","last_page":"800"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-sort","display_name":"Quantum sort","score":0.5504000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-complexity-theory","display_name":"Quantum complexity theory","score":0.48980000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-simulator","display_name":"Quantum simulator","score":0.43959999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-process","display_name":"Quantum process","score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-information","display_name":"Quantum information","score":0.414900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-turing-machine","display_name":"Quantum Turing machine","score":0.4097000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-operation","display_name":"Quantum operation","score":0.4047999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oracle","display_name":"Oracle","score":0.4000000059604645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.600600004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62641251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269097","display_name":"Quantum sort","level":5,"score":0.5504000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92043244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269023","display_name":"Quantum complexity theory","level":4,"score":0.48980000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.46149998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4399000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161166931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269096","display_name":"Quantum simulator","level":4,"score":0.43959999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11255438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269085","display_name":"Quantum process","level":4,"score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.414900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192061203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q765620","display_name":"Quantum Turing machine","level":5,"score":0.4097000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43682372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269080","display_name":"Quantum operation","level":4,"score":0.4047999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55166926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892946","display_name":"Oracle","level":2,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.39259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192122513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835770","display_name":"Quantum phase estimation algorithm","level":5,"score":0.387800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186468114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478","display_name":"Quantum network","level":4,"score":0.383899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41241483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269015","display_name":"Quantum capacity","level":5,"score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51003876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536431","display_name":"Quantum error correction","level":4,"score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3337000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5320026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122216","display_name":"Quantum information science","level":4,"score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165973109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q894014","display_name":"Quantum probability","level":5,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58849907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118982","display_name":"Quantum gate","level":4,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147323434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269086","display_name":"Quantum pseudo-telepathy","level":5,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190463098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081419","display_name":"Quantum technology","level":4,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190474826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2495111","display_name":"Open quantum system","level":3,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59500034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464944","display_name":"Quantum Fourier transform","level":5,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187486625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122176","display_name":"Quantum channel","level":4,"score":0.2549000084400177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21080800","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080800","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/8/800/pdf?version=1565951295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33267513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33267513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1905.05082","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.05082","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.05082","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-160433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160433","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article in journal"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c41e95f911ac43e0bdb80e9853d2e449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c41e95f911ac43e0bdb80e9853d2e449","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 21, Iss 8, p 800 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/21/8/800/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21080800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7515329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7515329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21080800","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080800","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/8/800/pdf?version=1565951295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2967431304.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2967431304.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505973206","https://openalex.org/W1521316741","https://openalex.org/W1541494515","https://openalex.org/W1602289806","https://openalex.org/W1621050367","https://openalex.org/W1635919617","https://openalex.org/W1783862658","https://openalex.org/W1967037487","https://openalex.org/W1977641034","https://openalex.org/W1983468898","https://openalex.org/W1986407511","https://openalex.org/W1988155384","https://openalex.org/W1993688167","https://openalex.org/W1994460359","https://openalex.org/W1996143597","https://openalex.org/W2006290558","https://openalex.org/W2011208902","https://openalex.org/W2015179126","https://openalex.org/W2022252751","https://openalex.org/W2026942459","https://openalex.org/W2030608317","https://openalex.org/W2033216491","https://openalex.org/W2044442211","https://openalex.org/W2049471987","https://openalex.org/W2052146120","https://openalex.org/W2082862350","https://openalex.org/W2084500851","https://openalex.org/W2084652510","https://openalex.org/W2096050004","https://openalex.org/W2101903351","https://openalex.org/W2105259569","https://openalex.org/W2106985682","https://openalex.org/W2109741106","https://openalex.org/W2114902873","https://openalex.org/W2117584890","https://openalex.org/W2117872989","https://openalex.org/W2135830616","https://openalex.org/W2137147061","https://openalex.org/W2140074474","https://openalex.org/W2140270709","https://openalex.org/W2145928944","https://openalex.org/W2146532505","https://openalex.org/W2159226773","https://openalex.org/W2167346196","https://openalex.org/W2168676717","https://openalex.org/W2173374605","https://openalex.org/W2179731956","https://openalex.org/W2189765847","https://openalex.org/W2240703699","https://openalex.org/W2284942299","https://openalex.org/W2604388771","https://openalex.org/W2763162295","https://openalex.org/W2951189305","https://openalex.org/W3037637275","https://openalex.org/W3101072249","https://openalex.org/W3105527140","https://openalex.org/W4213022756","https://openalex.org/W4252129657","https://openalex.org/W4298227433","https://openalex.org/W6638206849","https://openalex.org/W6660417667","https://openalex.org/W6662753740","https://openalex.org/W6665068849","https://openalex.org/W6677590548","https://openalex.org/W6681936101","https://openalex.org/W6683357420","https://openalex.org/W6983388432"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Query":[0],"complexity":[1,157],"is":[2,139,191],"a":[3,47,86,162],"common":[4],"tool":[5],"for":[6,36,126,176,194],"comparing":[7],"quantum":[8,20,40,74,93,97,111,155,163,179],"and":[9,12,57,68,105,134],"classical":[10,24,83],"computation,":[11],"it":[13],"has":[14,173],"produced":[15],"many":[16],"examples":[17,159],"of":[18,39,70,144,160,182],"how":[19,161],"algorithms":[21,58,180],"differ":[22],"from":[23,151],"ones.":[25],"Here":[26],"we":[27,123],"investigate":[28],"in":[29,96,142,171],"detail":[30],"the":[31,37,64,73,92,102,106,114,120,132,152,183,187],"role":[32],"that":[33,59,125,154],"oracles":[34,56,118],"play":[35],"advantage":[38,141],"algorithms.":[41,75],"We":[42],"do":[43],"so":[44],"by":[45],"using":[46,81,110],"simulation":[48,121],"framework,":[49],"Quantum":[50],"Simulation":[51],"Logic":[52],"(QSL),":[53],"to":[54,91,168],"construct":[55],"solve":[60],"some":[61,127],"problems":[62],"with":[63],"same":[65,115],"success":[66],"probability":[67],"number":[69],"queries":[71],"as":[72,89,131],"The":[76],"framework":[77,122],"can":[78,165],"be":[79,166],"simulated":[80],"only":[82],"resources":[84,94],"at":[85],"constant":[87],"overhead":[88],"compared":[90],"used":[95],"computation.":[98],"Our":[99],"results":[100],"clarify":[101],"assumptions":[103,116],"made":[104],"conditions":[107],"needed":[108],"when":[109],"oracles.":[112],"Using":[113],"on":[117],"within":[119],"show":[124],"specific":[128],"algorithms,":[129,136],"such":[130],"Deutsch-Jozsa":[133],"Simon's":[135],"there":[137],"simply":[138],"no":[140],"terms":[143],"query":[145,156],"complexity.":[146],"This":[147],"does":[148],"not":[149],"detract":[150],"fact":[153],"provides":[158],"computer":[164],"expected":[167],"behave,":[169],"which":[170],"turn":[172],"proved":[174],"useful":[175],"finding":[177],"new":[178],"outside":[181],"oracle":[184],"paradigm,":[185],"where":[186],"most":[188],"prominent":[189],"example":[190],"Shor's":[192],"algorithm":[193],"integer":[195],"factorization.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2019-08-22T00:00:00"}
