{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2965106631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080767","title":"Sensor Control in Anti-Submarine Warfare\u2014A Digital Twin and Random Finite Sets Based Approach","display_name":"Sensor Control in Anti-Submarine Warfare\u2014A Digital Twin and Random Finite Sets Based Approach","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2965106631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080767","mag":"2965106631","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33267480"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21080767","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080767","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/8/767/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/8/767/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046768024","display_name":"Peng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0871-5214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0871-5214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101560281","display_name":"Mei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9008-4102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106551871","display_name":"Yong Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5803-7437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100694513","display_name":"Jiancheng Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4528-5911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiancheng Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048782946","display_name":"Rusheng Ju","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4431-8220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rusheng Ju","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100610161","display_name":"Quanjun Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1633-174X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quanjun Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046768024"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":1.8545,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85774405,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"8","first_page":"767","last_page":"767"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9485999941825867,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9251999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.740867555141449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4908050000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/submarine","display_name":"Submarine","score":0.4844834506511688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.45955052971839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-assimilation","display_name":"Data assimilation","score":0.44272804260253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4121641218662262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4024609327316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.21025040745735168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12705236673355103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.08557111024856567}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.740867555141449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4908050000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121327165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2811","display_name":"Submarine","level":2,"score":0.4844834506511688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.45955052971839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24552861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670177","display_name":"Data assimilation","level":2,"score":0.44272804260253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4121641218662262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4024609327316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.21025040745735168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12705236673355103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08557111024856567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21080767","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080767","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/8/767/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33267480","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33267480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d5d0548752b2457997039408f58a8ea5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d5d0548752b2457997039408f58a8ea5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 21, Iss 8, p 767 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/21/8/767/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21080767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7515298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7515298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21080767","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080767","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/8/767/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2651376026","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u51b3\u7b56\u652f\u6301\u7684\u654f\u6377\u4eff\u771f\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61374185","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2965106631.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2965106631.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W331831712","https://openalex.org/W590220816","https://openalex.org/W953933905","https://openalex.org/W1532421987","https://openalex.org/W1568122762","https://openalex.org/W1587152123","https://openalex.org/W1600286271","https://openalex.org/W1977234023","https://openalex.org/W1985390027","https://openalex.org/W2009568893","https://openalex.org/W2010239608","https://openalex.org/W2011534894","https://openalex.org/W2019965822","https://openalex.org/W2024501873","https://openalex.org/W2031774932","https://openalex.org/W2046074714","https://openalex.org/W2055406046","https://openalex.org/W2059305573","https://openalex.org/W2060882136","https://openalex.org/W2063396763","https://openalex.org/W2063660782","https://openalex.org/W2091114710","https://openalex.org/W2093805255","https://openalex.org/W2098296991","https://openalex.org/W2098973553","https://openalex.org/W2102604335","https://openalex.org/W2105728775","https://openalex.org/W2107638881","https://openalex.org/W2131671515","https://openalex.org/W2134150466","https://openalex.org/W2166000463","https://openalex.org/W2205606747","https://openalex.org/W2293762160","https://openalex.org/W2346505350","https://openalex.org/W2396229594","https://openalex.org/W2485503572","https://openalex.org/W2518003110","https://openalex.org/W2535530690","https://openalex.org/W2556265720","https://openalex.org/W2565281388","https://openalex.org/W2729442131","https://openalex.org/W2744593494","https://openalex.org/W2746867318","https://openalex.org/W2750554151","https://openalex.org/W2892987124","https://openalex.org/W3103587788","https://openalex.org/W4253802401","https://openalex.org/W6625219959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2521763509","https://openalex.org/W2329452785","https://openalex.org/W2356380379","https://openalex.org/W2363925233","https://openalex.org/W1563025172","https://openalex.org/W2358884916","https://openalex.org/W2366284060","https://openalex.org/W1980107356","https://openalex.org/W2037704973","https://openalex.org/W1794016765"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,5,33,55,63,67,89,93,98,132,137,146,161,164,169,172,180,193,198],"submarine":[2],"has":[3,39],"become":[4],"major":[6],"threat":[7],"to":[8,16,57,178],"maritime":[9],"security,":[10],"there":[11],"is":[12,30,54,123,141,176],"an":[13],"urgent":[14],"need":[15],"find":[17,179],"a":[18,76,115],"more":[19],"efficient":[20],"method":[21],"of":[22,32,80,118,148,163,171,186,189,197],"anti-submarine":[23],"warfare":[24],"(ASW).":[25],"The":[26,46,184],"digital":[27,52,106,133],"twin":[28,53,71,107],"theory":[29,108],"one":[31],"most":[34,47],"outstanding":[35],"information":[36],"technologies,":[37],"and":[38,66,109,158,195],"been":[40],"quite":[41],"popular":[42],"in":[43,102,121],"recent":[44],"years.":[45],"influential":[48],"change":[49],"produced":[50],"by":[51,78,167],"ability":[56],"enable":[58],"real-time":[59,149],"dynamic":[60],"interactions":[61],"between":[62],"simulation":[64,90,95],"world":[65,100],"real":[68,99],"world.":[69],"Digital":[70],"can":[72],"be":[73],"regarded":[74],"as":[75],"paradigm":[77],"means":[79],"which":[81],"selected":[82],"online":[83,144],"measurements":[84,150],"are":[85,128],"dynamically":[86],"assimilated":[87],"into":[88],"world,":[91],"with":[92,151],"running":[94],"model":[96],"guiding":[97],"adaptively":[101],"reverse.":[103],"By":[104],"combining":[105],"random":[110],"finite":[111],"sets":[112],"(RFSs)":[113],"closely,":[114],"new":[116],"framework":[117],"sensor":[119],"control":[120,182],"ASW":[122],"proposed.":[124],"Two":[125],"key":[126],"algorithms":[127],"proposed":[129,142,173,199],"for":[130,143],"supporting":[131],"twin-based":[134],"framework.":[135],"First,":[136],"RFS-based":[138],"data-assimilation":[139,174],"algorithm":[140,175],"assimilating":[145],"sequence":[147],"detection":[152],"uncertainty,":[153,156],"data":[154],"association":[155],"noise,":[157],"clutters.":[159],"Second,":[160],"computation":[162],"reward":[165],"function":[166],"using":[168],"results":[170,185],"introduced":[177],"optimal":[181],"action.":[183],"three":[187],"groups":[188],"experiments":[190],"successfully":[191],"verify":[192],"feasibility":[194],"effectiveness":[196],"approach.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}