{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2916699636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21030220","title":"Thermodynamic Analysis of a Hybrid Power System Combining Kalina Cycle with Liquid Air Energy Storage","display_name":"Thermodynamic Analysis of a Hybrid Power System Combining Kalina Cycle with Liquid Air Energy Storage","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2916699636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21030220","mag":"2916699636","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33266934"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21030220","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21030220","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/3/220/pdf?version=1551152440","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/3/220/pdf?version=1551152440","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100378820","display_name":"Tong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2477-7140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100764994","display_name":"Xuelin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0923-8790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuelin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102380984","display_name":"Xiaodai Xue","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116265982","display_name":"Qinghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h33bt13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116265982"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodai Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of QiDi (TUS) Renewable Energy, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China","State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of QiDi (TUS) Renewable Energy, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116265982"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100649984","display_name":"Guohua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4810-8534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101469","display_name":"China National Salt Industry Corporation (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00mg6mc02","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101469"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guohua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Salt Jintan Chemical Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213200, China","State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Salt Jintan Chemical Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213200, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101469"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000459401","display_name":"Shengwei Mei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2757-5977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116265982","display_name":"Qinghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h33bt13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116265982"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shengwei Mei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of QiDi (TUS) Renewable Energy, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China","State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of QiDi (TUS) Renewable Energy, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116265982"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000459401","https://openalex.org/A5102380984"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116265982","https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":2.9661,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9081929,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"220","last_page":"220"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10568","display_name":"Thermodynamic and Exergetic Analyses of Power and Cooling Systems","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10568","display_name":"Thermodynamic and Exergetic Analyses of Power and Cooling Systems","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11774","display_name":"Adsorption and Cooling Systems","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11520","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-air","display_name":"Liquid air","score":0.792206883430481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"Energy storage","score":0.5165397524833679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.4981119632720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-generation","display_name":"Electricity generation","score":0.4701941907405853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering","display_name":"Process engineering","score":0.42661574482917786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4126540422439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressed-air-energy-storage","display_name":"Compressed air energy storage","score":0.41072535514831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.38755497336387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.258486270904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22250503301620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.17224499583244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15194952487945557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13358160853385925}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121164915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2466790","display_name":"Liquid air","level":2,"score":0.792206883430481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.5165397524833679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.4981119632720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.4701941907405853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.42661574482917786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4126540422439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780113879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1260916","display_name":"Compressed air energy storage","level":4,"score":0.41072535514831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.38755497336387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.258486270904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22250503301620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.17224499583244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15194952487945557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13358160853385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21030220","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21030220","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/3/220/pdf?version=1551152440","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33266934","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33266934","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cd9f165cc44f409181414abe9f08a172","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cd9f165cc44f409181414abe9f08a172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 21, Iss 3, p 220 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/21/3/220/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21030220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7514701","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7514701","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21030220","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21030220","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/3/220/pdf?version=1551152440","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3103523063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51621065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327720","funder_display_name":"Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327720","display_name":"Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2916699636.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994242781","https://openalex.org/W2000012299","https://openalex.org/W2009244412","https://openalex.org/W2010363300","https://openalex.org/W2022451236","https://openalex.org/W2045043522","https://openalex.org/W2047832062","https://openalex.org/W2076843510","https://openalex.org/W2080985233","https://openalex.org/W2086286720","https://openalex.org/W2105703296","https://openalex.org/W2174745767","https://openalex.org/W2508338568","https://openalex.org/W2560005518","https://openalex.org/W2562107658","https://openalex.org/W2570670269","https://openalex.org/W2620848063","https://openalex.org/W2744157113","https://openalex.org/W2757802288","https://openalex.org/W2759734404","https://openalex.org/W2800039138","https://openalex.org/W2800802087","https://openalex.org/W2884443698","https://openalex.org/W2896642755"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357831320","https://openalex.org/W2795173119","https://openalex.org/W2921348392","https://openalex.org/W4361275380","https://openalex.org/W1982123412","https://openalex.org/W3176981229","https://openalex.org/W2377574083","https://openalex.org/W4388264803","https://openalex.org/W2095621979","https://openalex.org/W2765850234"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Liquid":[0],"air":[1,34],"energy":[2,8,14,58],"storage":[3,9],"(LAES)":[4],"is":[5,27,44,70,82,100,204,211],"a":[6,38,48,86,184],"promising":[7],"technology":[10],"in":[11,30,93],"consuming":[12],"renewable":[13],"and":[15,37,63,72,109,141,147,152,191],"electricity":[16,92],"grid":[17],"management.":[18],"In":[19,53,74,112],"the":[20,24,32,64,75,78,94,104,107,110,113,116,119,124,131,134,138,142,157,159,164,167,171,177,181,199,202,209],"baseline":[21],"LAES":[22,62],"(B-LAES),":[23],"compression":[25,42,80,172],"heat":[26,43,81,173],"only":[28],"utilized":[29,83],"heating":[31],"inlet":[33],"of":[35,41,106,115,133,166,176,188,196,201,208],"turbines,":[36],"large":[39],"amount":[40],"surplus,":[45],"leading":[46],"to":[47,84,89,102],"low":[49],"round-trip":[50],"efficiency":[51],"(RTE).":[52],"this":[54],"paper,":[55],"an":[56,192],"integrated":[57],"system":[59,88,136],"based":[60],"on":[61,130],"Kalina":[65],"cycle":[66],"(KC),":[67],"called":[68],"KC-LAES,":[69,158],"proposed":[71,76],"analyzed.":[73],"system,":[77,140],"surplus":[79],"drive":[85],"KC":[87,108,117,168],"generate":[90],"additional":[91],"discharging":[95],"process.":[96],"An":[97],"energetic":[98],"model":[99],"developed":[101],"evaluate":[103],"performance":[105,132],"KC-LAES.":[111],"analysis":[114],"subsystem,":[118],"calculation":[120,160],"results":[121,161],"show":[122],"that":[123,163,207],"evaporating":[125],"temperature":[126],"has":[127],"less":[128],"influence":[129],"KC-LAES":[135,203],"than":[137],"B-LAES":[139,210],"optimal":[143],"working":[144],"fluid":[145],"concentration":[146],"operating":[148],"pressure":[149,186,194],"are":[150],"85%":[151],"12":[153],"MPa,":[154,198],"respectively.":[155],"For":[156],"indicate":[162],"introduction":[165],"notably":[169],"improves":[170],"utilization":[174],"ratio":[175],"LAES,":[178],"thereby":[179],"improving":[180],"RTE.":[182],"With":[183],"liquefaction":[185],"value":[187,195],"eight":[189],"MPa":[190],"expansion":[193],"four":[197],"RTE":[200],"57.18%,":[205],"while":[206],"52.16%.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
