{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2914301951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21020122","title":"Phases, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of CoCrNiCuZn High-Entropy Alloy Prepared by Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering","display_name":"Phases, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of CoCrNiCuZn High-Entropy Alloy Prepared by Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2914301951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21020122","mag":"2914301951","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33266838"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21020122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21020122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/2/122/pdf?version=1548735680","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/2/122/pdf?version=1548735680","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101712235","display_name":"Yuchen Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6010-8383"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Boren Ke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boren Ke","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100766751","display_name":"Yulin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5569-1038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102028059","display_name":"Kai Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0153-5253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015416955","display_name":"Mingqi Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingqi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011070722","display_name":"Wei Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8574-4863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8574-4863","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019325306","display_name":"Zhengyi Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-9247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyi Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011070722","https://openalex.org/A5019325306"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":1.6064,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80390589,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"122","last_page":"122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11143","display_name":"High Entropy Alloys Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11143","display_name":"High Entropy Alloys Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10626","display_name":"High-Temperature Coating Behaviors","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12099","display_name":"Advanced materials and composites","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spark-plasma-sintering","display_name":"Spark plasma sintering","score":0.9719749689102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.9152160882949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alloy","display_name":"Alloy","score":0.8811769485473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructure","display_name":"Microstructure","score":0.8064285516738892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vickers-hardness-test","display_name":"Vickers hardness test","score":0.6776010990142822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-entropy-alloys","display_name":"High entropy alloys","score":0.6354948282241821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metallurgy","display_name":"Metallurgy","score":0.5295204520225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sintering","display_name":"Sintering","score":0.5154574513435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"Compressive strength","score":0.4423767626285553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-solution","display_name":"Solid solution","score":0.4350990056991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.3509071469306946}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776014600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2307265","display_name":"Spark plasma sintering","level":3,"score":0.9719749689102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.9152160882949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37756","display_name":"Alloy","level":2,"score":0.8811769485473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.8064285516738892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133392424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223404","display_name":"Vickers hardness test","level":3,"score":0.6776010990142822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780299837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18405127","display_name":"High entropy alloys","level":3,"score":0.6354948282241821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.5295204520225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777581544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844613","display_name":"Sintering","level":2,"score":0.5154574513435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.4423767626285553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138999460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787619","display_name":"Solid solution","level":2,"score":0.4350990056991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.3509071469306946}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21020122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21020122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/2/122/pdf?version=1548735680","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33266838","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33266838","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b771ad5c5dbd42d0b7e58bdbc15d745f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b771ad5c5dbd42d0b7e58bdbc15d745f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 21, Iss 2, p 122 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/21/2/122/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21020122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7514605","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7514605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21020122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21020122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/2/122/pdf?version=1548735680","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G235453494","display_name":"\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4eff\u751f\u5236\u5907\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"51832003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G388328189","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51521001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2914301951.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2914301951.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1714922341","https://openalex.org/W1981552210","https://openalex.org/W1991258650","https://openalex.org/W1995334244","https://openalex.org/W2006943117","https://openalex.org/W2007056718","https://openalex.org/W2007115257","https://openalex.org/W2013194395","https://openalex.org/W2015499745","https://openalex.org/W2023778608","https://openalex.org/W2030113592","https://openalex.org/W2033914567","https://openalex.org/W2036745117","https://openalex.org/W2036997475","https://openalex.org/W2038689921","https://openalex.org/W2039971369","https://openalex.org/W2049236290","https://openalex.org/W2051875768","https://openalex.org/W2058085399","https://openalex.org/W2065028460","https://openalex.org/W2065258689","https://openalex.org/W2067273103","https://openalex.org/W2068415766","https://openalex.org/W2075866602","https://openalex.org/W2092703780","https://openalex.org/W2114006114","https://openalex.org/W2158836063","https://openalex.org/W2168686241","https://openalex.org/W6637667491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3146752240","https://openalex.org/W2899384223","https://openalex.org/W2521695813","https://openalex.org/W2378086236","https://openalex.org/W2470504773","https://openalex.org/W4384934257","https://openalex.org/W4402163931","https://openalex.org/W3000691972","https://openalex.org/W4387297249","https://openalex.org/W2038689921"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,16,23,54,85,95],"study,":[2],"an":[3],"equiatomic":[4],"CoCrNiCuZn":[5],"high-entropy":[6],"alloy":[7,24,55,97],"(HEA)":[8],"was":[9,57],"prepared":[10],"by":[11,59],"mechanical":[12,111],"alloying":[13],"(MA)":[14],"and":[15,19,40,73,91,106],"phases,":[17],"microstructures,":[18],"thermal":[20],"properties":[21],"of":[22,44,51,78,94],"powder":[25,56],"were":[26,102],"explored.":[27],"The":[28],"results":[29],"suggest":[30],"that":[31],"a":[32,41],"solid":[33],"solution":[34],"with":[35],"body-centered":[36],"cubic":[37,80],"(BCC)":[38],"phase":[39],"crystalline":[42],"size":[43],"10":[45],"nm":[46],"formed":[47],"after":[48],"60":[49],"h":[50],"milling.":[52],"Subsequently,":[53],"consolidated":[58,96],"spark":[60],"plasma":[61],"sintering":[62],"(SPS)":[63],"at":[64,99],"different":[65],"temperatures":[66],"(600":[67],"\u00b0C,":[68,70,72],"700":[69],"800":[71],"900":[74,100],"\u00b0C).":[75],"Two":[76],"kinds":[77],"face-centered":[79],"(FCC)":[81],"phases":[82],"co-existed":[83],"in":[84],"as-sintered":[86],"samples.":[87],"Besides,":[88],"Vickers":[89],"hardness":[90],"compressive":[92],"strength":[93],"sintered":[98],"\u00b0C":[101],"respectively":[103],"615":[104],"HV":[105],"2121":[107],"MPa,":[108],"indicating":[109],"excellent":[110],"properties.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}