{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2800751480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050341","title":"M-SAC-VLADNet: A Multi-Path Deep Feature Coding Model for Visual Classification","display_name":"M-SAC-VLADNet: A Multi-Path Deep Feature Coding Model for Visual Classification","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2800751480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050341","mag":"2800751480","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33265431"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e20050341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050341","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/20/5/341/pdf?version=1525418199","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/20/5/341/pdf?version=1525418199","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050149763","display_name":"Boheng Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The National Engineering Technology Research Center for Mobile Ultrasonic Detection, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The National Engineering Technology Research Center for Mobile Ultrasonic Detection, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102011570","display_name":"Jie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3102-6425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["The National Engineering Technology Research Center for Mobile Ultrasonic Detection, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The National Engineering Technology Research Center for Mobile Ultrasonic Detection, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100367486","display_name":"Gang Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1775-4760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["The National Engineering Technology Research Center for Mobile Ultrasonic Detection, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The National Engineering Technology Research Center for Mobile Ultrasonic Detection, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020159861","display_name":"Biyun Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0765-6753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biyun Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["The National Engineering Technology Research Center for Mobile Ultrasonic Detection, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The National Engineering Technology Research Center for Mobile Ultrasonic Detection, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102011570"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.106,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42861986,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"5","first_page":"341","last_page":"341"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.8529261350631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.7170482873916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6938719749450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6375466585159302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6121455430984497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.48814305663108826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15659773349761963}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.8529261350631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.7170482873916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6938719749450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6375466585159302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6121455430984497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48814305663108826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15659773349761963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e20050341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050341","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/20/5/341/pdf?version=1525418199","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33265431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33265431","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:82989cd358e643bcac744372dc4d49da","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/82989cd358e643bcac744372dc4d49da","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 20, Iss 5, p 341 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/20/5/341/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20050341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 20; Issue 5; Pages: 341","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7512860","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7512860","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e20050341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050341","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/20/5/341/pdf?version=1525418199","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56385144","https://openalex.org/W300523764","https://openalex.org/W1496650988","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1885185971","https://openalex.org/W1897953826","https://openalex.org/W1898560071","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1909952827","https://openalex.org/W1919542679","https://openalex.org/W1955942245","https://openalex.org/W1966385142","https://openalex.org/W1967632700","https://openalex.org/W2002273623","https://openalex.org/W2012592962","https://openalex.org/W2027922120","https://openalex.org/W2063756240","https://openalex.org/W2066941820","https://openalex.org/W2097018403","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2103924867","https://openalex.org/W2104657103","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2117483887","https://openalex.org/W2124592697","https://openalex.org/W2138011018","https://openalex.org/W2141200610","https://openalex.org/W2143055991","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2166371785","https://openalex.org/W2179042386","https://openalex.org/W2197216118","https://openalex.org/W2202499615","https://openalex.org/W2207849498","https://openalex.org/W2214352687","https://openalex.org/W2277132981","https://openalex.org/W2294970404","https://openalex.org/W2307425316","https://openalex.org/W2462457117","https://openalex.org/W2463113024","https://openalex.org/W2471678645","https://openalex.org/W2511716320","https://openalex.org/W2528333963","https://openalex.org/W2554320282","https://openalex.org/W2607037079","https://openalex.org/W2608988379","https://openalex.org/W2613109056","https://openalex.org/W2613763509","https://openalex.org/W2618353736","https://openalex.org/W2620629206","https://openalex.org/W2789330408","https://openalex.org/W2952677200","https://openalex.org/W2964340589","https://openalex.org/W3121575157","https://openalex.org/W4250737575","https://openalex.org/W6683411478","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6692647644","https://openalex.org/W6696916440","https://openalex.org/W6732316237","https://openalex.org/W6732395776","https://openalex.org/W7067072079"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389116644","https://openalex.org/W2153315159","https://openalex.org/W3103844505","https://openalex.org/W259157601","https://openalex.org/W2404514746","https://openalex.org/W1652783584","https://openalex.org/W2082783427","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336","https://openalex.org/W4386159726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vector":[0],"of":[1,100],"locally":[2],"aggregated":[3],"descriptor":[4],"(VLAD)":[5],"coding":[6,12,24,32,74,110,123,130,142],"has":[7,50],"become":[8],"an":[9,113],"efficient":[10],"feature":[11,31,73,109,122,129,141],"model":[13,33,49,111],"for":[14,54,132,147],"retrieval":[15,55],"and":[16,56,89,105],"classification.":[17,134,149],"In":[18,65],"some":[19],"recent":[20],"works,":[21],"the":[22,42,47,58,81,96,102,107],"VLAD":[23,44,91],"method":[25],"is":[26,35,61,77,144],"extended":[27],"to":[28,112],"a":[29,70,87,120],"deep":[30],"which":[34,76,125],"called":[36],"NetVLAD.":[37],"NetVLAD":[38,48,82],"improves":[39],"significantly":[40],"over":[41],"original":[43],"method.":[45],"Although":[46],"shown":[51],"its":[52],"potential":[53],"classification,":[57],"discriminative":[59,79],"ability":[60],"not":[62],"fully":[63],"researched.":[64],"this":[66],"paper,":[67],"we":[68,85,94,118],"propose":[69,86],"new":[71],"end-to-end":[72,114],"network":[75,124,143],"more":[78],"than":[80],"model.":[83,92],"First,":[84],"sparsely-adaptive":[88],"covariance":[90],"Next,":[93],"derive":[95],"back":[97],"propagation":[98],"models":[99],"all":[101],"proposed":[103,108],"layers":[104],"extend":[106],"neural":[115],"network.":[116],"Finally,":[117],"construct":[119],"multi-path":[121],"aggregates":[126],"multiple":[127],"newly-designed":[128],"networks":[131],"visual":[133,148],"Some":[135],"experimental":[136],"results":[137],"show":[138],"that":[139],"our":[140],"very":[145],"effective":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
