{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2801504806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050336","title":"Entropy Generation Analysis and Natural Convection in a Nanofluid-Filled Square Cavity with a Concentric Solid Insert and Different Temperature Distributions","display_name":"Entropy Generation Analysis and Natural Convection in a Nanofluid-Filled Square Cavity with a Concentric Solid Insert and Different Temperature Distributions","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2801504806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050336","mag":"2801504806","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33265426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e20050336","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050336","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/20/5/336/pdf?version=1525777403","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/20/5/336/pdf?version=1525777403","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043234513","display_name":"Ammar I. Alsabery","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-6600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131779051","display_name":"Iraqi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wfhkb67","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["IQ","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ammar Alsabery","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Modelling & Data Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia","Refrigeration & Air-conditioning Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf 54001, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-6600","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Modelling & Data Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Refrigeration & Air-conditioning Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf 54001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044413446","display_name":"Muhamad Safwan Ishak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-1950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79156528","display_name":"Universiti Tenaga Nasional","ror":"https://ror.org/03kxdn807","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79156528","https://openalex.org/I874769580"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhamad Ishak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Modelling & Data Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia","Department of Engineering, College of Foundation and Diploma Studies, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Modelling & Data Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, College of Foundation and Diploma Studies, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79156528"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022621691","display_name":"Ali J. Chamkha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8335-3121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138564716","display_name":"Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University","ror":"https://ror.org/03d64na34","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138564716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153389","display_name":"American University of Ras Al Khaimah","ror":"https://ror.org/0440yjn92","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153389"]}],"countries":["AE","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Chamkha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Prince Sultan Endowment for Energy and the Environment, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al-Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia","RAK Research and Innovation Center, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, P.O. Box 10021, Ras Al Khaimah 86416, UAE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8335-3121","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Prince Sultan Endowment for Energy and the Environment, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al-Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138564716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RAK Research and Innovation Center, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, P.O. Box 10021, Ras Al Khaimah 86416, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153389"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049271409","display_name":"Ishak Hashim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4237-7140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ishak Hashim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Modelling & Data Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4237-7140","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Modelling & Data Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049271409"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":2.4514,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88788612,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"5","first_page":"336","last_page":"336"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11945","display_name":"Heat Transfer Mechanisms","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10998","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Optimization","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofluid","display_name":"Nanofluid","score":0.7987262606620789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bejan-number","display_name":"Bejan number","score":0.7854130864143372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nusselt-number","display_name":"Nusselt number","score":0.770805835723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-convection","display_name":"Natural convection","score":0.6997417211532593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-number","display_name":"Rayleigh number","score":0.6821528673171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6620705127716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.5663326382637024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streamlines-streaklines-and-pathlines","display_name":"Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines","score":0.5317348837852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"Heat transfer","score":0.5205867886543274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adiabatic-process","display_name":"Adiabatic process","score":0.513076663017273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-conductivity","display_name":"Thermal conductivity","score":0.5041700601577759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.47743305563926697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-volume-method","display_name":"Finite volume method","score":0.4641697406768799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isothermal-process","display_name":"Isothermal process","score":0.4597731828689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionless-quantity","display_name":"Dimensionless quantity","score":0.42504578828811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22208037972450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reynolds-number","display_name":"Reynolds number","score":0.1667567491531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence","display_name":"Turbulence","score":0.09326165914535522}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21946209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1989679","display_name":"Nanofluid","level":3,"score":0.7987262606620789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181587685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3110607","display_name":"Bejan number","level":5,"score":0.7854130864143372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130230704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898280","display_name":"Nusselt number","level":4,"score":0.770805835723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54791560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3285020","display_name":"Natural convection","level":3,"score":0.6997417211532593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106836276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898249","display_name":"Rayleigh number","level":4,"score":0.6821528673171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6620705127716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.5663326382637024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60439489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634407","display_name":"Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines","level":2,"score":0.5317348837852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.5205867886543274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109663097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182453","display_name":"Adiabatic process","level":2,"score":0.513076663017273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97346530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487005","display_name":"Thermal conductivity","level":2,"score":0.5041700601577759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.47743305563926697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50478463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401936","display_name":"Finite volume method","level":2,"score":0.4641697406768799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133347239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486921","display_name":"Isothermal process","level":2,"score":0.4597731828689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24872484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126818","display_name":"Dimensionless quantity","level":2,"score":0.42504578828811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22208037972450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182748727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178932","display_name":"Reynolds number","level":3,"score":0.1667567491531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.09326165914535522}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e20050336","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050336","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/20/5/336/pdf?version=1525777403","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33265426","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33265426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c996479f7c7646249f7f3070172eaec0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c996479f7c7646249f7f3070172eaec0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 20, Iss 5, p 336 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/20/5/336/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20050336","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 20; Issue 5; Pages: 336","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7512855","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7512855","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e20050336","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e20050336","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/20/5/336/pdf?version=1525777403","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7960021403","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DIP-2017-010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","funder_display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2801504806.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2801504806.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970978291","https://openalex.org/W1975250069","https://openalex.org/W1976119296","https://openalex.org/W1976664524","https://openalex.org/W1980394061","https://openalex.org/W1982067413","https://openalex.org/W1983097480","https://openalex.org/W2002948299","https://openalex.org/W2003228208","https://openalex.org/W2010623158","https://openalex.org/W2024257253","https://openalex.org/W2040419367","https://openalex.org/W2058353672","https://openalex.org/W2072777092","https://openalex.org/W2080420191","https://openalex.org/W2094036685","https://openalex.org/W2132130554","https://openalex.org/W2170166419","https://openalex.org/W2218054743","https://openalex.org/W2218056472","https://openalex.org/W2395604855","https://openalex.org/W2461011973","https://openalex.org/W2532795739","https://openalex.org/W2558869933","https://openalex.org/W2580203450","https://openalex.org/W2589355094","https://openalex.org/W2593326681","https://openalex.org/W2600509859","https://openalex.org/W2610766725","https://openalex.org/W2616176838","https://openalex.org/W2625095031","https://openalex.org/W2791030483"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220937649","https://openalex.org/W2960920183","https://openalex.org/W2031248579","https://openalex.org/W2076660666","https://openalex.org/W4317933863","https://openalex.org/W2735358284","https://openalex.org/W4213122764","https://openalex.org/W2157293035","https://openalex.org/W2921084473","https://openalex.org/W2752229188"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,56,77,175],"problem":[1],"of":[2,52,58,81,122,159,196],"entropy":[3,164],"generation":[4,165],"analysis":[5],"and":[6,19,49,120,137,162,171,184,199,206],"natural":[7],"convection":[8],"in":[9,156],"a":[10,15,103,142],"nanofluid":[11],"square":[12,54,209],"cavity":[13],"with":[14,66,134,146],"concentric":[16],"solid":[17,125,187],"insert":[18],"different":[20],"temperature":[21],"distributions":[22],"is":[23,34],"studied":[24],"numerically":[25],"by":[26],"the":[27,37,47,53,75,85,123,147,157,169,180,185,203],"finite":[28],"difference":[29],"method.":[30,150],"An":[31],"isothermal":[32,41],"heater":[33],"placed":[35],"on":[36],"bottom":[38],"wall":[39],"while":[40],"cold":[42],"sources":[43],"are":[44,61,72,84,153,189],"distributed":[45],"along":[46],"top":[48],"side":[50],"walls":[51,60],"cavity.":[55,210],"remainder":[57],"these":[59],"kept":[62],"adiabatic.":[63],"Water-based":[64],"nanofluids":[65],"Al":[67],"2":[68],"O":[69],"3":[70,100],"nanoparticles":[71,86],"chosen":[73],"for":[74,193],"investigation.":[76],"governing":[78],"dimensionless":[79],"parameters":[80,192],"this":[82],"study":[83],"volume":[87],"fraction":[88],"(":[89,98,112,126],"0":[90,127],"\u2264":[91,93,101,104,114,117,128,130],"\u03d5":[92],"0.09":[94],"),":[95],"Rayleigh":[96],"number":[97,201],"10":[99,105],"R":[102],"6":[106],")":[107,119],",":[108],"thermal":[109,181],"conductivity":[110,182],"ratio":[111,183],"0.44":[113],"K":[115],"r":[116],"23.8":[118],"length":[121],"inner":[124,186],"D":[129],"0.7":[131],").":[132],"Comparisons":[133],"previously":[135],"experimental":[136],"numerical":[138,149],"published":[139],"works":[140],"verify":[141],"very":[143],"good":[144],"agreement":[145],"proposed":[148],"Numerical":[151],"results":[152,177],"presented":[154],"graphically":[155],"form":[158],"streamlines,":[160],"isotherms":[161],"local":[163,170],"as":[166,168],"well":[167],"average":[172],"Nusselt":[173],"numbers.":[174],"obtained":[176],"indicate":[178],"that":[179],"size":[188],"excellent":[190],"control":[191],"an":[194],"optimization":[195],"heat":[197],"transfer":[198],"Bejan":[200],"within":[202],"fully":[204],"heated":[205],"partially":[207],"cooled":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}