{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2467721945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e18070246","title":"Effect of a Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Procedure on Heart Rate Variability and Pulse Transit Time Variability: A Comparison Study Based on Fuzzy Measure Entropy","display_name":"Effect of a Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Procedure on Heart Rate Variability and Pulse Transit Time Variability: A Comparison Study Based on Fuzzy Measure Entropy","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2467721945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e18070246","mag":"2467721945"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e18070246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e18070246","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/18/7/246/pdf?version=1468054013","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/18/7/246/pdf?version=1468054013","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100330237","display_name":"Guang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1589-3502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153274","display_name":"Shandong Provincial QianFoShan Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03wnrsb51","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliated Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliated Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153274","https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100321186","display_name":"Chengyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1965-3020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032009254","display_name":"Lizhen Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5163-2337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lizhen Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014292481","display_name":"Jing Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3229-6438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100769435","display_name":"Changchun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9345-8403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Changchun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014292481","https://openalex.org/A5100769435"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.2228,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62780494,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"7","first_page":"246","last_page":"246"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conventional-pci","display_name":"Conventional PCI","score":0.9499915838241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate-variability","display_name":"Heart rate variability","score":0.7791080474853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.7520833015441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/percutaneous-coronary-intervention","display_name":"Percutaneous coronary intervention","score":0.7340108156204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.6890829205513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.5820558667182922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronary-artery-disease","display_name":"Coronary artery disease","score":0.5630046725273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-deviation","display_name":"Standard deviation","score":0.43464386463165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"Heart rate","score":0.38999590277671814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.33166027069091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.24273410439491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myocardial-infarction","display_name":"Myocardial infarction","score":0.07698482275009155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"Blood pressure","score":0.07328125834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45393284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191012","display_name":"Conventional PCI","level":3,"score":0.9499915838241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71635504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933954","display_name":"Heart rate variability","level":4,"score":0.7791080474853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7520833015441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780400711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2008344","display_name":"Percutaneous coronary intervention","level":3,"score":0.7340108156204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.6890829205513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5820558667182922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778213512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935","display_name":"Coronary artery disease","level":2,"score":0.5630046725273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.43464386463165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.38999590277671814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33166027069091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.24273410439491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500558357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12152","display_name":"Myocardial infarction","level":2,"score":0.07698482275009155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.07328125834465027}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e18070246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e18070246","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/18/7/246/pdf?version=1468054013","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:64649b58d9d54b7690927f9418f8ce59","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/64649b58d9d54b7690927f9418f8ce59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 18, Iss 7, p 246 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/18/7/246/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e18070246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 18; Issue 7; Pages: 246","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e18070246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e18070246","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/18/7/246/pdf?version=1468054013","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2494315017","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61201049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7676202843","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2014HM065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7971863925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61471223","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2467721945.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2467721945.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48220176","https://openalex.org/W654195485","https://openalex.org/W1542688400","https://openalex.org/W1577215145","https://openalex.org/W1776514298","https://openalex.org/W1862394037","https://openalex.org/W1915515468","https://openalex.org/W1964000773","https://openalex.org/W1972500128","https://openalex.org/W1976490990","https://openalex.org/W1989907152","https://openalex.org/W2006803905","https://openalex.org/W2017114673","https://openalex.org/W2018406969","https://openalex.org/W2030042438","https://openalex.org/W2042563030","https://openalex.org/W2050057188","https://openalex.org/W2051376424","https://openalex.org/W2052005682","https://openalex.org/W2060622553","https://openalex.org/W2070051876","https://openalex.org/W2071388347","https://openalex.org/W2083872334","https://openalex.org/W2090669669","https://openalex.org/W2110815905","https://openalex.org/W2118659834","https://openalex.org/W2126228042","https://openalex.org/W2144603337","https://openalex.org/W2144805060","https://openalex.org/W2155658789","https://openalex.org/W2164104048","https://openalex.org/W2164826114","https://openalex.org/W2167283898","https://openalex.org/W2171223848","https://openalex.org/W2218712101","https://openalex.org/W2279452199","https://openalex.org/W2411070033","https://openalex.org/W3139885252","https://openalex.org/W3143286635","https://openalex.org/W6634466284","https://openalex.org/W6672919924","https://openalex.org/W6792051241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783920022","https://openalex.org/W635123040","https://openalex.org/W4322758769","https://openalex.org/W2030705936","https://openalex.org/W3033506111","https://openalex.org/W2057397510","https://openalex.org/W2408823415","https://openalex.org/W2791308852","https://openalex.org/W2136259857","https://openalex.org/W2884399111"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Percutaneous":[0],"coronary":[1,12],"intervention":[2],"(PCI)":[3],"is":[4],"a":[5,106],"common":[6],"treatment":[7],"method":[8],"for":[9,44,240,254,288,297],"patients":[10,46,55],"with":[11,307],"artery":[13],"disease":[14],"(CAD),":[15],"but":[16],"its":[17],"effect":[18,133],"on":[19,139],"synchronously":[20],"measured":[21],"heart":[22],"rate":[23],"variability":[24,30,110],"(HRV)":[25],"and":[26,50,61,74,85,101,119,141,148,160,169,176,232,293,305,337,346],"pulse":[27,86],"transit":[28,87],"time":[29,88,116,136,150,154,228,243,257,272,291,300,311],"(PTTV)":[31],"have":[32],"not":[33],"been":[34],"well":[35,172],"established.":[36],"This":[37,319],"study":[38,321],"aimed":[39],"to":[40,92],"verify":[41],"whether":[42],"PCI":[43,73,94,181,188,194,226,253,269,335,350],"CAD":[45,54],"affects":[47],"both":[48,303,344],"HRV":[49,100,140,168,304,345],"PTTV":[51,102,142,347],"parameters.":[52],"Sixteen":[53],"were":[56,66,96,103,340],"enrolled.":[57],"Two":[58],"five-minute":[59],"ECG":[60],"finger":[62],"photoplethysmography":[63],"(PPG)":[64],"signals":[65],"recorded,":[67],"one":[68],"within":[69,76],"24":[70,77],"h":[71,78],"before":[72],"another":[75],"after":[79,193,225,252,268,333,349],"PCI.":[80],"The":[81,164],"changes":[82,166,357],"of":[83,112,115,125,134,156,310],"RR":[84,147,175,185,325],"(PTT)":[89],"intervals":[90,186,206],"due":[91],"the":[93,132,146,308,324,329,334,352,356],"procedure":[95,182,336],"first":[97],"compared.":[98],"Then,":[99],"evaluated":[104],"by":[105],"standard":[107,113],"short-term":[108],"time-domain":[109],"index":[111,124],"deviation":[114],"series":[117,137,151],"(SDTS)":[118],"our":[120],"previously":[121],"developed":[122],"entropy-based":[123],"fuzzy":[126],"measure":[127],"entropy":[128],"(FuzzyMEn).":[129],"To":[130],"test":[131],"different":[135],"length":[138],"results,":[143],"we":[144],"segmented":[145],"PTT":[149,177,205,330],"using":[152,351],"four":[153,256],"windows":[155,229,258],"200,":[157],"100,":[158],"50":[159],"25":[161,233,289],"beats":[162,234,290],"respectively.":[163],"PCI-induced":[165],"in":[167,174,343,358,361],"PTTV,":[170,264,306],"as":[171,173],"intervals,":[178],"are":[179,230],"different.":[180],"significantly":[183,203],"decreased":[184,315,327],"(before":[187],"973":[189],"\u00b1":[190,196,208,212],"85":[191],"vs.":[192,210],"907":[195],"100":[197,231],"ms,":[198,214],"p":[199,215,260,275,294],"<":[200,216,261,286,295],"0.05)":[201],"while":[202,235,316],"increasing":[204],"(207":[207],"18":[209],"214":[211],"19":[213],"0.01).":[217],"For":[218,263,302],"HRV,":[219],"SDTS-only":[220],"output":[221],"significant":[222,238,249,282,341],"lower":[223,250,283],"values":[224,251,284],"when":[227],"presenting":[236],"no":[237],"decreases":[239],"other":[241,298],"two":[242],"windows.":[244],"By":[245],"contrast,":[246],"FuzzyMEn":[247,279,317,353],"gave":[248],"all":[255],"(all":[259,274],"0.05).":[262],"SDTS":[265,314],"hardly":[266],"changed":[267],"at":[270],"any":[271],"window":[273,292,312],">":[276],"0.90)":[277],"whereas":[278,328],"still":[280],"reported":[281],"(p":[285],"0.05":[287],"0.01":[296],"three":[299],"windows).":[301],"increase":[309],"values,":[313],"increased.":[318],"pilot":[320],"demonstrated":[322],"that":[323,338],"interval":[326,331],"increased":[332],"there":[339],"reductions":[342],"immediately":[348],"method,":[354],"indicating":[355],"underlying":[359],"mechanisms":[360],"cardiovascular":[362],"system.":[363]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}