{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160806059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e17107266","title":"Quantifying Emergent Behavior of Autonomous Robots","display_name":"Quantifying Emergent Behavior of Autonomous Robots","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160806059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e17107266","mag":"2160806059"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e17107266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e17107266","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/17/10/7266/pdf?version=1445612218","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/17/10/7266/pdf?version=1445612218","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001474340","display_name":"Georg Martius","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8963-7627"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157556583","display_name":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","ror":"https://ror.org/03gnh5541","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157556583"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091327","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00ez2he07","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210091327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119712","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Mathematics","ror":"https://ror.org/02dh8ja68","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210119712"]}],"countries":["AT","DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Georg Martius","raw_affiliation_strings":["IST Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria","Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Inselstr. 22, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IST Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157556583"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Inselstr. 22, 04103 Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091327","https://openalex.org/I4210119712"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074755166","display_name":"Eckehard Olbrich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3987-1271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091327","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00ez2he07","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210091327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119712","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Mathematics","ror":"https://ror.org/02dh8ja68","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210119712"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eckehard Olbrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Inselstr. 22, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3987-1271","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Inselstr. 22, 04103 Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091327","https://openalex.org/I4210119712"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001474340"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157556583","https://openalex.org/I4210091327","https://openalex.org/I4210119712"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":3.2404,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9358975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"10","first_page":"7266","last_page":"7297"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12261","display_name":"Statistical Mechanics and Entropy","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6028521060943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.5845009088516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutual-information","display_name":"Mutual information","score":0.5694684982299805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5658060312271118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.565436065196991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5329768657684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.4311530590057373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38350534439086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3310796618461609}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6028521060943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.5845009088516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152139883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252973","display_name":"Mutual information","level":2,"score":0.5694684982299805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5658060312271118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.565436065196991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5329768657684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.4311530590057373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38350534439086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3310796618461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e17107266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e17107266","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/17/10/7266/pdf?version=1445612218","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1510.01495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1510.01495","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1510.01495","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai::464","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.ist.ac.at/464/1/entropy-17-07266.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402235","display_name":"IST PubRep (Institute of Science and Technology Austria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157556583","host_organization_name":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157556583"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3c2601a4de4244b8be957caacdbcbb75","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3c2601a4de4244b8be957caacdbcbb75","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 17, Iss 10, Pp 7266-7297 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:edoc.mpg.de:718506","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://edoc.mpg.de/718506","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922265","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, v.17, 7266-7297 (2015)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/17/10/7266/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e17107266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e17107266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e17107266","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/17/10/7266/pdf?version=1445612218","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3123431879","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"291734","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333065","funder_display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3829048491","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FP7/2007-2013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4869689085","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FP7/2007-2013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5051159620","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"318723","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333065","funder_display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5201930584","display_name":"MATHEmatics of Multi-level Anticipatory Complex Systems","funder_award_id":"318723","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5593277320","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2007-2013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5702163051","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FP7/2007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6658030547","display_name":"International IST Postdoctoral Fellowship Programme","funder_award_id":"291734","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333065","display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2160806059.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2160806059.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W186513846","https://openalex.org/W286273036","https://openalex.org/W625619054","https://openalex.org/W1493147125","https://openalex.org/W1532729789","https://openalex.org/W1540761024","https://openalex.org/W1569930087","https://openalex.org/W1591713425","https://openalex.org/W1752065161","https://openalex.org/W1786044565","https://openalex.org/W1863227302","https://openalex.org/W1970626830","https://openalex.org/W1976397547","https://openalex.org/W1978463056","https://openalex.org/W1979957032","https://openalex.org/W1985922897","https://openalex.org/W1986367953","https://openalex.org/W1995739492","https://openalex.org/W1996814013","https://openalex.org/W1999140605","https://openalex.org/W2003117097","https://openalex.org/W2013122593","https://openalex.org/W2014268383","https://openalex.org/W2020293764","https://openalex.org/W2022431710","https://openalex.org/W2036613247","https://openalex.org/W2040704490","https://openalex.org/W2041184445","https://openalex.org/W2052958516","https://openalex.org/W2056651346","https://openalex.org/W2065264265","https://openalex.org/W2074499097","https://openalex.org/W2086038013","https://openalex.org/W2092701412","https://openalex.org/W2092939357","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2101524054","https://openalex.org/W2102315994","https://openalex.org/W2106423795","https://openalex.org/W2111754412","https://openalex.org/W2126163471","https://openalex.org/W2128957129","https://openalex.org/W2144558232","https://openalex.org/W2268266420","https://openalex.org/W2478708596","https://openalex.org/W2490377892","https://openalex.org/W2962730232","https://openalex.org/W3124661333","https://openalex.org/W4213435491","https://openalex.org/W4239340087","https://openalex.org/W4248636106","https://openalex.org/W4299429830"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036846997","https://openalex.org/W2112223184","https://openalex.org/W2347586617","https://openalex.org/W2161963661","https://openalex.org/W2125614474","https://openalex.org/W2295845123","https://openalex.org/W2358054814","https://openalex.org/W2090882960","https://openalex.org/W2889544313","https://openalex.org/W2165061339"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantifying":[0],"behaviors":[1],"of":[2,19,23,28,68,134,153,176,180,195,212],"robots":[3],"which":[4,112],"were":[5],"generated":[6],"autonomously":[7],"from":[8],"task-independent":[9],"objective":[10,17],"functions":[11],"is":[12],"an":[13],"important":[14],"prerequisite":[15],"for":[16,44,50,91],"comparisons":[18],"algorithms":[20],"and":[21,39,56,76,141,145,157],"movements":[22],"animals.":[24],"The":[25,53],"temporal":[26,84],"sequence":[27],"such":[29,61],"a":[30,36,131],"behavior":[31,211],"can":[32],"be":[33],"considered":[34],"as":[35],"time":[37,45],"series":[38,46],"hence":[40],"complexity":[41,62,214],"measures":[42,90,122],"developed":[43],"are":[47,60,116,203],"natural":[48],"candidates":[49],"its":[51],"quantification.":[52],"predictive":[54],"information":[55,69,183],"the":[57,66,70,74,79,83,101,109,113,135,151,154,158,162,172,177,181,190,196],"excess":[58,136],"entropy":[59,137],"measures.":[63],"They":[64],"measure":[65],"amount":[67],"past":[71],"contains":[72],"about":[73],"future":[75],"thus":[77],"quantify":[78],"nonrandom":[80],"structure":[81],"in":[82,138],"sequence.":[85],"However,":[86],"when":[87],"using":[88],"these":[89],"systems":[92,114,120],"with":[93,100,111,125,215],"continuous":[94],"states":[95,115],"one":[96],"has":[97],"to":[98,167,205],"deal":[99],"fact":[102],"that":[103],"their":[104],"values":[105],"will":[106,123],"depend":[107,149],"on":[108,150,171,185],"resolution":[110,139,142],"observed.":[117],"For":[118,161],"deterministic":[119],"both":[121],"diverge":[124],"increasing":[126,213,216],"resolution.":[127],"We":[128],"therefore":[129],"propose":[130,166],"new":[132],"decomposition":[133],"dependent":[140],"independent":[143],"parts":[144],"discuss":[146],"how":[147,207],"they":[148],"dimensionality":[152],"dynamics,":[155],"correlations":[156],"noise":[159],"level.":[160],"practical":[163],"estimation":[164,179],"we":[165,202],"use":[168],"estimates":[169],"based":[170,184],"correlation":[173],"integral":[174],"instead":[175],"direct":[178],"mutual":[182],"next":[186],"neighbor":[187],"statistics":[188],"because":[189],"latter":[191],"allows":[192],"less":[193],"control":[194],"scale":[197],"dependencies.":[198],"Using":[199],"our":[200],"algorithm":[201],"able":[204],"show":[206],"autonomous":[208],"learning":[209,217],"generates":[210],"duration.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
