{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1542648996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e17064293","title":"Concurrence Measurement for the Two-Qubit Optical and Atomic States","display_name":"Concurrence Measurement for the Two-Qubit Optical and Atomic States","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1542648996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e17064293","mag":"1542648996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e17064293","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e17064293","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/17/6/4293/pdf?version=1435041053","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/17/6/4293/pdf?version=1435041053","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103199431","display_name":"Lan Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9789-0510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics & Physics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China","Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210003, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics & Physics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003360643","display_name":"Yu\u2010Bo Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9536-4696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Bo Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Signal Processing Transmission, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China","Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210003, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Signal Processing Transmission, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003360643"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":5.7874,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96020083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"6","first_page":"4293","last_page":"4322"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrence","display_name":"Concurrence","score":0.9823684692382812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-entanglement","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","score":0.749535083770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qubit","display_name":"Qubit","score":0.7077423334121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.5209135413169861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.46155616641044617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.3705994784832001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3260704278945923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777843375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159090","display_name":"Concurrence","level":4,"score":0.9823684692382812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121040770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","level":3,"score":0.749535083770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.7077423334121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5209135413169861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.46155616641044617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.3705994784832001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3260704278945923}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e17064293","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e17064293","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/17/6/4293/pdf?version=1435041053","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2d3c4a29240042718af30e2079487747","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2d3c4a29240042718af30e2079487747","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 17, Iss 6, Pp 4293-4322 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/17/6/4293/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e17064293","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e17064293","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e17064293","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/17/6/4293/pdf?version=1435041053","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1245523348","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61401222","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4690246023","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11474168","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321605","display_name":"Government of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/004svx814"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327518","display_name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327794","display_name":"Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1542648996.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1542648996.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":140,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W191718607","https://openalex.org/W1488052145","https://openalex.org/W1511874582","https://openalex.org/W1514675880","https://openalex.org/W1614155298","https://openalex.org/W1620538313","https://openalex.org/W1623920228","https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W1966984878","https://openalex.org/W1971575720","https://openalex.org/W1972613136","https://openalex.org/W1972907022","https://openalex.org/W1973660843","https://openalex.org/W1974225386","https://openalex.org/W1977064951","https://openalex.org/W1977901618","https://openalex.org/W1978553093","https://openalex.org/W1980291018","https://openalex.org/W1980664642","https://openalex.org/W1980991220","https://openalex.org/W1985337892","https://openalex.org/W1985508544","https://openalex.org/W1986407511","https://openalex.org/W1988633556","https://openalex.org/W1992057969","https://openalex.org/W1992651205","https://openalex.org/W1994217784","https://openalex.org/W1995161903","https://openalex.org/W1995211043","https://openalex.org/W1997074150","https://openalex.org/W1997380434","https://openalex.org/W1999213704","https://openalex.org/W1999354252","https://openalex.org/W1999733856","https://openalex.org/W2000871067","https://openalex.org/W2001594991","https://openalex.org/W2001626412","https://openalex.org/W2003052831","https://openalex.org/W2004264607","https://openalex.org/W2005194996","https://openalex.org/W2006193807","https://openalex.org/W2007281635","https://openalex.org/W2009424046","https://openalex.org/W2011093779","https://openalex.org/W2011208902","https://openalex.org/W2011893745","https://openalex.org/W2012104478","https://openalex.org/W2013349454","https://openalex.org/W2013401392","https://openalex.org/W2014518612","https://openalex.org/W2017027370","https://openalex.org/W2017636454","https://openalex.org/W2017953644","https://openalex.org/W2018098207","https://openalex.org/W2019336689","https://openalex.org/W2025296079","https://openalex.org/W2026787034","https://openalex.org/W2028009092","https://openalex.org/W2028684263","https://openalex.org/W2028807934","https://openalex.org/W2030172717","https://openalex.org/W2033909248","https://openalex.org/W2034553823","https://openalex.org/W2035567506","https://openalex.org/W2038159077","https://openalex.org/W2039067730","https://openalex.org/W2042638792","https://openalex.org/W2043196718","https://openalex.org/W2044399721","https://openalex.org/W2046181245","https://openalex.org/W2050248220","https://openalex.org/W2051051926","https://openalex.org/W2051617143","https://openalex.org/W2052339798","https://openalex.org/W2059280800","https://openalex.org/W2059370090","https://openalex.org/W2060419271","https://openalex.org/W2060887031","https://openalex.org/W2062219321","https://openalex.org/W2062391342","https://openalex.org/W2063934421","https://openalex.org/W2065443402","https://openalex.org/W2067764088","https://openalex.org/W2069470382","https://openalex.org/W2073384645","https://openalex.org/W2073659633","https://openalex.org/W2073781628","https://openalex.org/W2074093825","https://openalex.org/W2076898247","https://openalex.org/W2079336347","https://openalex.org/W2079764574","https://openalex.org/W2081334620","https://openalex.org/W2082736217","https://openalex.org/W2084600946","https://openalex.org/W2085089784","https://openalex.org/W2085196915","https://openalex.org/W2085347421","https://openalex.org/W2086619377","https://openalex.org/W2086748649","https://openalex.org/W2087946138","https://openalex.org/W2090629050","https://openalex.org/W2091880679","https://openalex.org/W2095059059","https://openalex.org/W2101113667","https://openalex.org/W2103568774","https://openalex.org/W2104954407","https://openalex.org/W2121754523","https://openalex.org/W2122205028","https://openalex.org/W2123335817","https://openalex.org/W2129858684","https://openalex.org/W2132909821","https://openalex.org/W2135178212","https://openalex.org/W2135473766","https://openalex.org/W2135830616","https://openalex.org/W2144126354","https://openalex.org/W2144477025","https://openalex.org/W2146911853","https://openalex.org/W2148763549","https://openalex.org/W2149670700","https://openalex.org/W2151516211","https://openalex.org/W2169774150","https://openalex.org/W2322334500","https://openalex.org/W2325328607","https://openalex.org/W2329281378","https://openalex.org/W2395747400","https://openalex.org/W2431266887","https://openalex.org/W2764035156","https://openalex.org/W3037737784","https://openalex.org/W3038000163","https://openalex.org/W3100019732","https://openalex.org/W3100981770","https://openalex.org/W3105263846","https://openalex.org/W3105945853","https://openalex.org/W3106354531","https://openalex.org/W3122850579","https://openalex.org/W3148760039","https://openalex.org/W3149719744","https://openalex.org/W4233413728","https://openalex.org/W4241462706","https://openalex.org/W6607859986"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368642058","https://openalex.org/W2055824819","https://openalex.org/W2564588151","https://openalex.org/W2999412149","https://openalex.org/W4297740942","https://openalex.org/W2381683793","https://openalex.org/W2046511959","https://openalex.org/W2380775228","https://openalex.org/W2069294962","https://openalex.org/W1985550758"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Concurrence":[0],"provides":[1],"us":[2],"an":[3],"effective":[4],"approach":[5],"to":[6],"quantify":[7],"entanglement,":[8],"which":[9],"is":[10],"quite":[11],"important":[12],"in":[13,56],"quantum":[14],"information":[15],"processing":[16],"applications.":[17],"In":[18],"the":[19,30,39,50,53,72,75],"paper,":[20],"we":[21,48,66],"mainly":[22],"review":[23],"some":[24,68],"direct":[25],"concurrence":[26,42,54,73],"measurement":[27,55],"protocols":[28,69],"of":[29,41,52,74],"two-qubit":[31,45],"optical":[32,63],"or":[33],"atomic":[34,76],"system.":[35,46,64,78],"We":[36],"first":[37],"introduce":[38,67],"concept":[40],"for":[43,70],"a":[44,58,61],"Second,":[47],"explain":[49],"approaches":[51],"both":[57],"linear":[59],"and":[60],"nonlinear":[62],"Third,":[65],"measuring":[71],"entanglement":[77]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}