{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1984179161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14122478","title":"Maximum Entropy Gibbs Density Modeling for Pattern Classification","display_name":"Maximum Entropy Gibbs Density Modeling for Pattern Classification","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1984179161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14122478","mag":"1984179161"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14122478","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14122478","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/12/2478/pdf?version=1424784909","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/12/2478/pdf?version=1424784909","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035371944","display_name":"Neila Mezghani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5935-4570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Neila Mezghani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de recherche en imagerie et orthop\u00e9die, Centre de recherche du CHUM, \u00c9cole de technologie sup\u00e9rieure, Pavillon J.A. de S\u00e8ve, 1560, rue Sherbrooke E., Y-1615, Montreal (QC),H2L 4M1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de recherche en imagerie et orthop\u00e9die, Centre de recherche du CHUM, \u00c9cole de technologie sup\u00e9rieure, Pavillon J.A. de S\u00e8ve, 1560, rue Sherbrooke E., Y-1615, Montreal (QC),H2L 4M1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008125047","display_name":"Amar Mitiche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3097-0337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39481719","display_name":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/04td37d32","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39481719","https://openalex.org/I49663120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amar Mitiche","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut national de la recherche scientifique, INRS-EMT, Place Bonaventure, 800, de La Gaucheti\u00e8re O., Montreal (QC), H5A 1K6, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut national de la recherche scientifique, INRS-EMT, Place Bonaventure, 800, de La Gaucheti\u00e8re O., Montreal (QC), H5A 1K6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39481719"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015410834","display_name":"Mohamed Cheriet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5246-7265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Cheriet","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u00c9cole de technologie sup\u00e9rieure, 1100, Rue Notre-Dame O., Montreal (QC), H3C 1K3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole de technologie sup\u00e9rieure, 1100, Rue Notre-Dame O., Montreal (QC), H3C 1K3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035371944"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07624451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"12","first_page":"2478","last_page":"2491"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6166966557502747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5115143060684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5077611207962036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-organizing-map","display_name":"Self-organizing map","score":0.5013494491577148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4738980829715729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4449997544288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gibbs-free-energy","display_name":"Gibbs free energy","score":0.44319936633110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4386884570121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38786354660987854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.346864253282547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1089286208152771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.08299610018730164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6166966557502747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5115143060684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5077611207962036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111168008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136838","display_name":"Self-organizing map","level":3,"score":0.5013494491577148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4738980829715729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4449997544288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146477669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334631","display_name":"Gibbs free energy","level":2,"score":0.44319936633110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4386884570121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38786354660987854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.346864253282547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1089286208152771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.08299610018730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14122478","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14122478","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/12/2478/pdf?version=1424784909","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:r-libre.teluq.ca:392","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401909","display_name":"R-libre (Universit\u00e9 T\u00e9luq)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200745827","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 T\u00c9LUQ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200745827"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articles de revues"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c1e21213ddcf42f0ba623f3db538e71e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c1e21213ddcf42f0ba623f3db538e71e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 14, Iss 12, Pp 2478-2491 (2012)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace2.etsmtl.ca:4831","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://espace2.etsmtl.ca/id/eprint/4831/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402392","display_name":"Espace \u00c9TS (ETS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1341030882","host_organization_name":"Educational Testing Service","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341030882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article publi\u00e9 dans une revue, r\u00e9vis\u00e9 par les pairs"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14122478","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14122478","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/12/2478/pdf?version=1424784909","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1984179161.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1984179161.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1249474216","https://openalex.org/W1570131942","https://openalex.org/W1679913846","https://openalex.org/W1880007088","https://openalex.org/W1989787215","https://openalex.org/W2000957129","https://openalex.org/W2016628921","https://openalex.org/W2035238564","https://openalex.org/W2040260712","https://openalex.org/W2099911007","https://openalex.org/W2100072796","https://openalex.org/W2101927907","https://openalex.org/W2126174118","https://openalex.org/W2132549764","https://openalex.org/W2142978586","https://openalex.org/W2149396346","https://openalex.org/W2150920547","https://openalex.org/W2158518844","https://openalex.org/W2160060889","https://openalex.org/W2168748350","https://openalex.org/W2268581013","https://openalex.org/W2799061466","https://openalex.org/W4213332169","https://openalex.org/W6628097257","https://openalex.org/W6634175573"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034551444","https://openalex.org/W2023416609","https://openalex.org/W1844640764","https://openalex.org/W2051216975","https://openalex.org/W2982550593","https://openalex.org/W2090505479","https://openalex.org/W2144077772","https://openalex.org/W2978573861","https://openalex.org/W926742521","https://openalex.org/W2013265235"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"studies":[1,38],"have":[2],"shown":[3],"that":[4,17,145],"the":[5,48,71,77,83,121,132,146,159,164,167,170,173],"Gibbs":[6,97,106,125,129,148,175],"density":[7,107,176],"function":[8],"is":[9,86],"a":[10,29,33,44,51,60,89,100,114,124,140,180],"good":[11],"model":[12],"for":[13,70],"visual":[14,92],"patterns":[15,49],"and":[16,169],"its":[18],"parameters":[19,122,136],"can":[20,53],"be":[21,54],"learned":[22,138],"from":[23],"pattern":[24,41,93,133,177],"category":[25,42,52,94],"training":[26,160],"data":[27],"by":[28,43,95,139],"gradient":[30,141],"algorithm":[31],"optimizing":[32],"constrained":[34],"entropy":[35,151],"criterion.":[36],"These":[37],"represented":[39],"each":[40,118],"single":[45],"density.":[46,126],"However,":[47],"in":[50,76],"so":[55,144],"complex":[56],"as":[57],"to":[58,66,87,153],"require":[59],"representation":[61,90,178],"spread":[62],"over":[63],"several":[64,96],"densities":[65,98,130,149],"more":[67],"accurately":[68],"account":[69],"shape":[72],"of":[73,82,91,123,158,166,172],"their":[74],"distribution":[75],"feature":[78,156],"space.":[79],"The":[80,135],"purpose":[81],"present":[84],"study":[85],"investigate":[88],"using":[99],"Kohonen":[101,109,116],"neural":[102],"structure.":[103],"In":[104],"this":[105],"based":[108],"network,":[110,117],"which":[111],"we":[112],"call":[113],"Gibbsian":[115],"node":[119],"stores":[120],"Collectively,":[127],"these":[128],"represent":[131],"category.":[134],"are":[137],"update":[142],"rule":[143],"corresponding":[147],"maximize":[150],"subject":[152],"reproducing":[154],"observed":[155],"statistics":[157],"patterns.":[161],"We":[162],"verified":[163],"validity":[165],"method":[168],"efficiency":[171],"ensuing":[174],"on":[179],"handwritten":[181],"character":[182],"recognition":[183],"application.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}