{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1970784361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14122456","title":"Entropy and Gravity","display_name":"Entropy and Gravity","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1970784361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14122456","mag":"1970784361"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14122456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14122456","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/12/2456/pdf?version=1424784909","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/12/2456/pdf?version=1424784909","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069419472","display_name":"\u00d8yvind Gr\u00f8n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2218-364X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184531372","display_name":"OsloMet \u2013 Oslo Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q12yn84","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184531372"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u00d8yvind Gr\u00f8n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, P. O. Box 4, St. Olavs Plass, N-0130 Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, P. O. Box 4, St. Olavs Plass, N-0130 Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184531372"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069419472"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184531372"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.6115,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73527514,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"12","first_page":"2456","last_page":"2477"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.7904958724975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5901549458503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-energy-universe","display_name":"Zero-energy universe","score":0.5630342364311218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravitation","display_name":"Gravitation","score":0.5095648765563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.4129113554954529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric-expansion-of-space","display_name":"Metric expansion of space","score":0.40365248918533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-physics","display_name":"Theoretical physics","score":0.4000210762023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.266326367855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-energy","display_name":"Dark energy","score":0.2635466754436493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmology","display_name":"Cosmology","score":0.23236560821533203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.14106053113937378}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7904958724975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5901549458503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114800448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3179491","display_name":"Zero-energy universe","level":5,"score":0.5630342364311218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124017977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412","display_name":"Gravitation","level":2,"score":0.5095648765563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4129113554954529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20154449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129469","display_name":"Metric expansion of space","level":4,"score":0.40365248918533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.4000210762023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.266326367855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172790937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18343","display_name":"Dark energy","level":3,"score":0.2635466754436493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.23236560821533203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.14106053113937378}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14122456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14122456","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/12/2456/pdf?version=1424784909","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oda.hioa.no:10642/1367","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10642/1367","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10642/1367","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.390.3163","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.390.3163","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/12/2456/pdf/","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e57a6043c6aa480ba1f6ea4607eb5f36","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e57a6043c6aa480ba1f6ea4607eb5f36","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 14, Iss 12, Pp 2456-2477 (2012)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/14/12/2456/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e14122456","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 14; Issue 12; Pages: 2456-2477","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oda.oslomet.no:10642/1367","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10642/1367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14122456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14122456","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/12/2456/pdf?version=1424784909","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1970784361.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1970784361.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W144257854","https://openalex.org/W601792698","https://openalex.org/W1514427330","https://openalex.org/W1546976548","https://openalex.org/W1614929082","https://openalex.org/W1630429753","https://openalex.org/W1650107032","https://openalex.org/W1662689214","https://openalex.org/W1924591343","https://openalex.org/W1940241780","https://openalex.org/W1986322455","https://openalex.org/W1998521154","https://openalex.org/W2000672343","https://openalex.org/W2002331838","https://openalex.org/W2004119786","https://openalex.org/W2005451628","https://openalex.org/W2011757658","https://openalex.org/W2018451420","https://openalex.org/W2025905724","https://openalex.org/W2034249669","https://openalex.org/W2039391587","https://openalex.org/W2053923400","https://openalex.org/W2057907534","https://openalex.org/W2067586631","https://openalex.org/W2069862494","https://openalex.org/W2071895133","https://openalex.org/W2072404923","https://openalex.org/W2086229744","https://openalex.org/W2090386790","https://openalex.org/W2098097807","https://openalex.org/W2100463561","https://openalex.org/W2101266898","https://openalex.org/W2108053689","https://openalex.org/W2120830691","https://openalex.org/W2141586044","https://openalex.org/W2144420885","https://openalex.org/W2146478425","https://openalex.org/W2146877475","https://openalex.org/W2798882666","https://openalex.org/W2963584573","https://openalex.org/W3011886532","https://openalex.org/W3097974425","https://openalex.org/W3098441217","https://openalex.org/W3100900330","https://openalex.org/W3102757761","https://openalex.org/W3102854552","https://openalex.org/W3103429823","https://openalex.org/W3105207629","https://openalex.org/W4234409894","https://openalex.org/W6630728642","https://openalex.org/W6675480522"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357129583","https://openalex.org/W2044812378","https://openalex.org/W150822991","https://openalex.org/W2145652671","https://openalex.org/W2379578902","https://openalex.org/W1904451479","https://openalex.org/W3105982276","https://openalex.org/W4237502590","https://openalex.org/W3200090908","https://openalex.org/W2041938740"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,43,72,110,124],"effect":[1],"of":[2,6,9,40,48,74,76,93,102,127],"gravity":[3,22,62,69],"upon":[4],"changes":[5],"the":[7,35,46,49,91,94,113,118,128],"entropy":[8,51,92,115,125],"a":[10,16,38,53,64,83],"gravity-dominated":[11],"system":[12],"is":[13,23,27,70,98,122,130],"discussed.":[14,71,123],"In":[15],"universe":[17,36,95],"dominated":[18],"by":[19],"vacuum":[20],"energy,":[21],"repulsive,":[24],"and":[25,34,63,105],"there":[26],"accelerated":[28],"expansion.":[29],"Furthermore,":[30],"inhomogeneities":[31],"are":[32,108],"inflated":[33],"approaches":[37],"state":[39],"thermal":[41,80],"equilibrium.":[42],"difference":[44],"between":[45],"evolution":[47],"cosmic":[50,106],"in":[52,56,82,88],"co-moving":[54],"volume":[55],"an":[57],"inflationary":[58],"era":[59,66],"with":[60,67,85],"repulsive":[61],"matter-dominated":[65],"attractive":[68],"significance":[73],"conversion":[75],"gravitational":[77,86,114],"energy":[78,81],"to":[79,112,117],"process":[84],"clumping,":[87],"order":[89],"that":[90],"shall":[96],"increase,":[97],"made":[99],"clear.":[100],"Entropy":[101],"black":[103],"holes":[104],"horizons":[107],"considered.":[109],"contribution":[111],"according":[116],"Weyl":[119],"curvature":[120],"hypothesis":[121],"history":[126],"Universe":[129],"reviewed.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
