{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2027086227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14101997","title":"Accelerating Universe and the Scalar-Tensor Theory","display_name":"Accelerating Universe and the Scalar-Tensor Theory","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2027086227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14101997","mag":"2027086227"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14101997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14101997","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/10/1997/pdf?version=1424784889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/10/1997/pdf?version=1424784889","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110265163","display_name":"Yasunori Fujii","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yasunori Fujii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110265163"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06275402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"10","first_page":"1997","last_page":"2035"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11090","display_name":"Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10251","display_name":"Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.8150501251220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-energy","display_name":"Dark energy","score":0.6755058765411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-physics","display_name":"Theoretical physics","score":0.6541008949279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalar-field","display_name":"Scalar field","score":0.6100723743438721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmological-constant","display_name":"Cosmological constant","score":0.5310747027397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflation","display_name":"Inflation (cosmology)","score":0.48972776532173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric-expansion-of-space","display_name":"Metric expansion of space","score":0.4847378432750702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravitation","display_name":"Gravitation","score":0.47217029333114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universe","display_name":"Universe","score":0.4712529480457306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalar","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","score":0.4542059302330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflationary-epoch","display_name":"Inflationary epoch","score":0.45333534479141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmology","display_name":"Cosmology","score":0.39118334650993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-physics","display_name":"Mathematical physics","score":0.29151514172554016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.28914427757263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.1766413450241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.08719468116760254}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8150501251220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172790937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18343","display_name":"Dark energy","level":3,"score":0.6755058765411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.6541008949279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110521144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193460","display_name":"Scalar field","level":2,"score":0.6100723743438721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166861157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59151","display_name":"Cosmological constant","level":2,"score":0.5310747027397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200941418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273508","display_name":"Inflation (cosmology)","level":2,"score":0.48972776532173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20154449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129469","display_name":"Metric expansion of space","level":4,"score":0.4847378432750702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124017977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412","display_name":"Gravitation","level":2,"score":0.47217029333114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84999194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1","display_name":"Universe","level":2,"score":0.4712529480457306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4542059302330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36963468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4356867","display_name":"Inflationary epoch","level":5,"score":0.45333534479141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.39118334650993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.29151514172554016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.28914427757263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.1766413450241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.08719468116760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14101997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14101997","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/10/1997/pdf?version=1424784889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:15290331b43f477d8068be56886ed4b7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/15290331b43f477d8068be56886ed4b7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 14, Iss 10, Pp 1997-2035 (2012)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14101997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14101997","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/14/10/1997/pdf?version=1424784889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W332812907","https://openalex.org/W1494957304","https://openalex.org/W1563959704","https://openalex.org/W1612996888","https://openalex.org/W1665353773","https://openalex.org/W1754010445","https://openalex.org/W1791150725","https://openalex.org/W1818353867","https://openalex.org/W1838287074","https://openalex.org/W1853767801","https://openalex.org/W1975882254","https://openalex.org/W1989972931","https://openalex.org/W1998871856","https://openalex.org/W2005935750","https://openalex.org/W2008575485","https://openalex.org/W2017436486","https://openalex.org/W2020000507","https://openalex.org/W2020411262","https://openalex.org/W2023875957","https://openalex.org/W2026828586","https://openalex.org/W2029430758","https://openalex.org/W2032072573","https://openalex.org/W2033645366","https://openalex.org/W2039381263","https://openalex.org/W2040104192","https://openalex.org/W2041170524","https://openalex.org/W2049393017","https://openalex.org/W2051263734","https://openalex.org/W2055532382","https://openalex.org/W2056173066","https://openalex.org/W2061728109","https://openalex.org/W2062548742","https://openalex.org/W2066137680","https://openalex.org/W2073733254","https://openalex.org/W2073832139","https://openalex.org/W2085522314","https://openalex.org/W2090707414","https://openalex.org/W2098764352","https://openalex.org/W2106621095","https://openalex.org/W2118265220","https://openalex.org/W2127358153","https://openalex.org/W2143276199","https://openalex.org/W2149574458","https://openalex.org/W2150791710","https://openalex.org/W2150904269","https://openalex.org/W2153494419","https://openalex.org/W2154120281","https://openalex.org/W2162447676","https://openalex.org/W2173390048","https://openalex.org/W2228259595","https://openalex.org/W2273455867","https://openalex.org/W2317990579","https://openalex.org/W2592323726","https://openalex.org/W2952514013","https://openalex.org/W2953366722","https://openalex.org/W3098178697","https://openalex.org/W3098196677","https://openalex.org/W3099582894","https://openalex.org/W3099877935","https://openalex.org/W3101098473","https://openalex.org/W3101854387","https://openalex.org/W3102457611","https://openalex.org/W3105647117","https://openalex.org/W3106458027","https://openalex.org/W3111820605","https://openalex.org/W3157736569","https://openalex.org/W4205571174","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6655544213","https://openalex.org/W6656598367","https://openalex.org/W6658703274","https://openalex.org/W6663065953","https://openalex.org/W6674685888","https://openalex.org/W6681185768","https://openalex.org/W6682103585","https://openalex.org/W6685525082","https://openalex.org/W6864384523"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2144972973","https://openalex.org/W2982284034","https://openalex.org/W4300071210","https://openalex.org/W2089101763","https://openalex.org/W4288090618","https://openalex.org/W1849188012","https://openalex.org/W2799530685","https://openalex.org/W3103028033","https://openalex.org/W1913081498","https://openalex.org/W23976322"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"understand":[1],"the":[2,11,27,43,56,59,65,69,76,81,106,112,117,128,134,137,142,154,158,166,170,177,189],"accelerating":[3],"universe":[4,77,138],"discovered":[5],"observationally":[6],"in":[7,80,139],"1998,":[8],"we":[9,99,104],"develop":[10],"scalar-tensor":[12],"theory":[13,44],"of":[14,26,39,54,58,68,75,88,121,136,160,169,188],"gravitation":[15],"originally":[16],"due":[17],"to":[18,45,85,141],"Jordan,":[19],"extended":[20],"only":[21,97],"minimally.":[22],"The":[23],"unique":[24],"role":[25],"conformal":[28],"transformation":[29],"and":[30,51,72,131],"frames":[31],"is":[32,94,115,151],"discussed":[33],"particularly":[34],"from":[35],"a":[36,49,89],"physical":[37],"point":[38],"view.":[40],"We":[41],"show":[42],"provide":[46],"us":[47],"with":[48],"simple":[50],"natural":[52],"way":[53,129],"understanding":[55],"core":[57],"measurements,":[60],"\u039bobs":[61,93],"\u223c":[62,183],"t0\u22122":[63],"for":[64,153,176],"observed":[66],"values":[67],"cosmological":[70,91],"constant":[71],"today\u2019s":[73],"age":[74],"both":[78],"expressed":[79],"Planckian":[82],"units.":[83,145],"According":[84],"this":[86,95],"scenario":[87,171],"decaying":[90],"constant,":[92],"small":[96],"because":[98,103],"are":[100,192],"old,":[101],"not":[102],"fine-tune":[105],"parameters.":[107],"It":[108],"also":[109,193],"follows":[110],"that":[111],"scalar":[113,155,178],"field":[114,156],"simply":[116],"pseudo":[118],"Nambu\u2013Goldstone":[119],"boson":[120],"broken":[122],"global":[123],"scale":[124],"invariance,":[125],"based":[126],"on":[127],"astronomers":[130],"astrophysicists":[132],"measure":[133],"expansion":[135],"reference":[140],"microscopic":[143],"length":[144],"A":[146],"rather":[147],"phenomenological":[148],"trapping":[149],"mechanism":[150],"assumed":[152],"around":[157],"epoch":[159],"mini-inflation":[161],"as":[162,180,182,186],"observed,":[163],"still":[164],"maintaining":[165],"unmistakable":[167],"behavior":[168],"stated":[172],"above.":[173],"Experimental":[174],"searches":[175],"field,":[179],"light":[181],"10\u22129":[184],"eV,":[185],"part":[187],"dark":[190],"energy,":[191],"discussed.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}