{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156884599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14091771","title":"Exact Solution and Exotic Fluid in Cosmology","display_name":"Exact Solution and Exotic Fluid in Cosmology","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156884599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14091771","mag":"2156884599"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14091771","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14091771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14091771","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Seyen Kouwn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seyen Kouwn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Taeyoon Moon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taeyoon Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Quantum Space-time, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Quantum Space-time, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Phillial Oh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillial Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.2038,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66810206,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"9","first_page":"1771","last_page":"1783"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9440000057220459,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9440000057220459,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.0071000000461936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-energy","display_name":"Dark energy","score":0.7139000296592712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmology","display_name":"Cosmology","score":0.6398000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/de-sitter-universe","display_name":"De Sitter universe","score":0.5627999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equation-of-state","display_name":"Equation of state","score":0.539900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmological-constant","display_name":"Cosmological constant","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universe","display_name":"Universe","score":0.4887999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalar","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","score":0.47749999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigma","display_name":"Sigma","score":0.4668000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lambda-cdm-model","display_name":"Lambda-CDM model","score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exact-solutions-in-general-relativity","display_name":"Exact solutions in general relativity","score":0.4212999939918518}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.833899974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172790937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18343","display_name":"Dark energy","level":3,"score":0.7139000296592712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.6398000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19262093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3036474","display_name":"De Sitter universe","level":3,"score":0.5627999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53810900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214967","display_name":"Equation of state","level":2,"score":0.539900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166861157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59151","display_name":"Cosmological constant","level":2,"score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.49729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84999194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1","display_name":"Universe","level":2,"score":0.4887999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47749999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778049214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512234","display_name":"Sigma","level":2,"score":0.4668000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118534291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q692197","display_name":"Lambda-CDM model","level":4,"score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520416788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5419229","display_name":"Exact solutions in general relativity","level":2,"score":0.4212999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20154449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129469","display_name":"Metric expansion of space","level":4,"score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94731429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319903","display_name":"Perfect Cosmological Principle","level":5,"score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992891135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18346","display_name":"Cosmological model","level":3,"score":0.3815999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.3677000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781313195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512415","display_name":"Sigma model","level":3,"score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22366356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1179448","display_name":"De Sitter space","level":4,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52220454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q613845","display_name":"Perfect fluid","level":2,"score":0.3458999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110528137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5347246","display_name":"Effective action","level":2,"score":0.3368000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780317896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2703","display_name":"Epoch (astronomy)","level":3,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3305000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110521144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193460","display_name":"Scalar field","level":2,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30864177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q742982","display_name":"Friedmann\u2013Lema\u00eetre\u2013Robertson\u2013Walker metric","level":3,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85405196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467736","display_name":"Friedmann equations","level":4,"score":0.29679998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6947382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143773","display_name":"Vacuum energy","level":2,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780100471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005905","display_name":"Cosmological perturbation theory","level":3,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11346066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q261585","display_name":"Big Rip","level":5,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2998314","display_name":"Observational cosmology","level":4,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149643647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986455","display_name":"Energy condition","level":3,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14091771","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14091771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1203.6520","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1203.6520","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1203.6520","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9b57b897d66b4451bac7fbd5780fc141","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9b57b897d66b4451bac7fbd5780fc141","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 14, Iss 9, Pp 1771-1783 (2012)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/14/9/1771/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e14091771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 14; Issue 9; Pages: 1771-1783","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e14091771","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e14091771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1672059830","https://openalex.org/W1853767801","https://openalex.org/W1964206690","https://openalex.org/W1970820225","https://openalex.org/W1980458704","https://openalex.org/W1982293324","https://openalex.org/W2032901690","https://openalex.org/W2036482104","https://openalex.org/W2045085998","https://openalex.org/W2048446165","https://openalex.org/W2050573442","https://openalex.org/W2056173066","https://openalex.org/W2063058190","https://openalex.org/W2073603601","https://openalex.org/W2073832139","https://openalex.org/W2075884494","https://openalex.org/W2077540976","https://openalex.org/W2100367618","https://openalex.org/W2118265220","https://openalex.org/W2131279590","https://openalex.org/W2149441316","https://openalex.org/W2154748230","https://openalex.org/W2160253850","https://openalex.org/W2164508401","https://openalex.org/W2591817099","https://openalex.org/W2596778397","https://openalex.org/W6640602408","https://openalex.org/W6645937704","https://openalex.org/W6651443435","https://openalex.org/W6655376605","https://openalex.org/W6670041885","https://openalex.org/W6680954668","https://openalex.org/W6910354195"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,51],"investigate":[1],"cosmological":[2,11,59,78,125],"consequences":[3],"of":[4,23,31,41,44,56,103,119,123,131,139],"nonlinear":[5],"sigma":[6],"model":[7,74],"coupled":[8],"with":[9,94,112],"a":[10,39,53,82],"fluid":[12,126],"which":[13,37,80],"satisfies":[14],"the":[15,24,45,57,73,95,101,104,113,117,120,124,129],"continuity":[16],"equation.":[17],"The":[18,35],"target":[19],"space":[20],"action":[21],"is":[22,29,38,48,110,127,142],"de":[25],"Sitter":[26],"type":[27],"and":[28,61,66,91,106],"composed":[30],"four":[32],"scalar":[33,46],"fields.":[34],"potential":[36],"function":[40],"only":[42],"one":[43],"fields":[47],"also":[49,143],"introduced.":[50],"perform":[52],"general":[54],"analysis":[55],"ensuing":[58],"equations":[60],"give":[62],"various":[63],"critical":[64],"points":[65],"their":[67],"properties.":[68],"Then,":[69],"we":[70,99],"show":[71,107],"that":[72,108],"exhibits":[75],"an":[76],"exact":[77],"solution":[79],"yields":[81],"transition":[83],"from":[84],"matter":[85],"domination":[86],"into":[87],"dark":[88],"energy":[89],"epoch":[90],"compare":[92],"it":[93,109],"\u039b-CDM":[96],"behavior.":[97],"Especially,":[98],"calculate":[100],"age":[102],"Universe":[105],"consistent":[111],"observational":[114],"value":[115],"if":[116],"equation":[118],"state":[121],"\u03c9f":[122,134],"within":[128],"range":[130],"0.13":[132],"&lt;":[133,135],"0.22.":[136],"Some":[137],"implication":[138],"this":[140],"result":[141],"discussed.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
