{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283448482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data7070086","title":"Event Forecasting for Thailand\u2019s Car Sales during the COVID-19 Pandemic","display_name":"Event Forecasting for Thailand\u2019s Car Sales during the COVID-19 Pandemic","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283448482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data7070086"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/data7070086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data7070086","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/7/7/86/pdf?version=1656396238","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226510","display_name":"Data","issn_l":"2306-5729","issn":["2306-5729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/7/7/86/pdf?version=1656396238","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011046982","display_name":"Chartchai Leenawong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91538806","display_name":"King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang","ror":"https://ror.org/055mf0v62","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chartchai Leenawong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science, King Mongkut\u2019s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand","School of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, King Mongkut\u2019s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028192641","display_name":"Thanrada Chaikajonwat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91538806","display_name":"King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang","ror":"https://ror.org/055mf0v62","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thanrada Chaikajonwat","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science, King Mongkut\u2019s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand","School of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, King Mongkut\u2019s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011046982"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":1.1863,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80307078,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"7","first_page":"86","last_page":"86"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11918","display_name":"Forecasting Techniques and Applications","score":0.9661999940872192,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11918","display_name":"Forecasting Techniques and Applications","score":0.9661999940872192,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.7766574621200562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.725060224533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.6094807982444763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.5317071080207825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.5028719305992126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","score":0.4652844965457916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.46435239911079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2019-20-coronavirus-outbreak","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","score":0.42948800325393677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-integrated-moving-average","display_name":"Autoregressive integrated moving average","score":0.42653805017471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4016910195350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3775402307510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2522832751274109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19224286079406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.06954607367515564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virology","display_name":"Virology","score":0.06203469634056091}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.7766574621200562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.725060224533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.6094807982444763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.5317071080207825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.5028719305992126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.4652844965457916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.46435239911079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.42948800325393677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24338571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2566298","display_name":"Autoregressive integrated moving average","level":3,"score":0.42653805017471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4016910195350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3775402307510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2522832751274109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19224286079406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.06954607367515564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.06203469634056091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/data7070086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data7070086","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/7/7/86/pdf?version=1656396238","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226510","display_name":"Data","issn_l":"2306-5729","issn":["2306-5729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jdataj:v:7:y:2022:i:7:p:86-:d:847566","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/7/7/86/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e3e95a98fdb041979e7480235e2061d1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e3e95a98fdb041979e7480235e2061d1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Data, Vol 7, Iss 7, p 86 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2306-5729/7/7/86/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data7070086","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Data; Volume 7; Issue 7; Pages: 86","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/data7070086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data7070086","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/7/7/86/pdf?version=1656396238","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226510","display_name":"Data","issn_l":"2306-5729","issn":["2306-5729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283448482.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283448482.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483143221","https://openalex.org/W2544917035","https://openalex.org/W2789075115","https://openalex.org/W2934356866","https://openalex.org/W3034961968","https://openalex.org/W3140833112","https://openalex.org/W6628703610","https://openalex.org/W6729107755","https://openalex.org/W6748791842","https://openalex.org/W6791899654"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200329650","https://openalex.org/W3127156785","https://openalex.org/W3009669391","https://openalex.org/W4206669628","https://openalex.org/W4205317059","https://openalex.org/W3005417802","https://openalex.org/W3084498529","https://openalex.org/W3171943759","https://openalex.org/W4226296940","https://openalex.org/W3036314732"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,135],"COVID-19":[1],"pandemic":[2,21,115],"that":[3,138],"started":[4],"in":[5,40,56],"2020":[6],"has":[7],"affected":[8,89],"Thailand\u2019s":[9,109],"automotive":[10],"industry,":[11],"among":[12],"many":[13],"others.":[14],"During":[15],"the":[16,20,37,41,44,53,61,86,114,125,133,146,161,167,178],"several":[17],"stages":[18,131],"of":[19,124,132,149,154,165],"period,":[22],"car":[23,111],"sales":[24,42,112,126],"figures":[25],"fluctuate,":[26],"and":[27,33,106,143],"hence":[28],"are":[29,104,119,170],"difficult":[30],"to":[31,36,67,83,122,128,160],"fit":[32],"forecast.":[34],"Due":[35],"trend":[38],"present":[39],"data,":[43],"Holt\u2019s":[45,81,139,155,163],"forecasting":[46,77],"method":[47,66,78,82,140,156],"appears":[48],"a":[49,57,64,76],"reasonable":[50],"choice.":[51],"However,":[52],"pandemic,":[54],"or":[55],"more":[58],"general":[59],"term,":[60],"\u201cevent\u201d,":[62],"requires":[63],"subtle":[65],"handle":[68],"this":[69],"extra":[70],"event":[71,179],"component.":[72,180],"This":[73],"research":[74],"proposes":[75],"based":[79],"on":[80,108],"better":[84],"suit":[85],"time-series":[87,175],"data":[88,127,176],"by":[90,152],"large-scale":[91],"events.":[92,158],"In":[93],"addition,":[94],"when":[95],"combined":[96],"with":[97,141,157],"seasonality":[98,142],"adjustment,":[99],"three":[100],"modified":[101],"Holt\u2019s-based":[102],"methods":[103,169],"proposed":[105,168],"implemented":[107],"monthly":[110],"covering":[113],"period.":[116],"Different":[117],"flags":[118],"carefully":[120],"assigned":[121],"each":[123],"represent":[129],"different":[130],"pandemic.":[134],"results":[136],"show":[137],"events":[144],"yields":[145],"lowest":[147],"MAPE":[148,164],"8.64%,":[150],"followed":[151],"9.47%":[153],"Compared":[159],"typical":[162],"16.27%,":[166],"proved":[171],"strongly":[172],"effective":[173],"for":[174],"containing":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}