{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3179929918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data6070074","title":"Performing Learning Analytics via Generalised Mixed-Effects Trees","display_name":"Performing Learning Analytics via Generalised Mixed-Effects Trees","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3179929918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data6070074","mag":"3179929918"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/data6070074","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data6070074","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/6/7/74/pdf?version=1627021122","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226510","display_name":"Data","issn_l":"2306-5729","issn":["2306-5729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/6/7/74/pdf?version=1627021122","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059341665","display_name":"Luca Fontana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4621-7374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Fontana","raw_affiliation_strings":["MOX\u2014 Laboratory for Modeling and Scientific Computing, Department of Mathematics, The Polytechnic University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MOX\u2014 Laboratory for Modeling and Scientific Computing, Department of Mathematics, The Polytechnic University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010414086","display_name":"Chiara Masci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9208-3194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chiara Masci","raw_affiliation_strings":["MOX\u2014 Laboratory for Modeling and Scientific Computing, Department of Mathematics, The Polytechnic University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MOX\u2014 Laboratory for Modeling and Scientific Computing, Department of Mathematics, The Polytechnic University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082171979","display_name":"Francesca Ieva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0165-1983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Ieva","raw_affiliation_strings":["MOX\u2014 Laboratory for Modeling and Scientific Computing, Department of Mathematics, The Polytechnic University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MOX\u2014 Laboratory for Modeling and Scientific Computing, Department of Mathematics, The Polytechnic University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057175197","display_name":"Anna Maria Paganoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8253-3630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Maria Paganoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["MOX\u2014 Laboratory for Modeling and Scientific Computing, Department of Mathematics, The Polytechnic University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MOX\u2014 Laboratory for Modeling and Scientific Computing, Department of Mathematics, The Polytechnic University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010414086"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":3.4074,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92747058,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"7","first_page":"74","last_page":"74"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.9312961101531982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-analytics","display_name":"Learning analytics","score":0.7670725584030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6160718202590942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.5996422171592712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-data-mining","display_name":"Educational data mining","score":0.5404193997383118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.49651795625686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.46368852257728577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-analysis","display_name":"Data analysis","score":0.44304734468460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3675604462623596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.35359102487564087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.228557288646698}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.9312961101531982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845208","display_name":"Learning analytics","level":2,"score":0.7670725584030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6160718202590942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.5996422171592712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777598771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5341279","display_name":"Educational data mining","level":2,"score":0.5404193997383118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.49651795625686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.46368852257728577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175801342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988917","display_name":"Data analysis","level":2,"score":0.44304734468460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3675604462623596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.35359102487564087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.228557288646698}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/data6070074","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data6070074","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/6/7/74/pdf?version=1627021122","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226510","display_name":"Data","issn_l":"2306-5729","issn":["2306-5729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jdataj:v:6:y:2021:i:7:p:74-:d:591808","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/6/7/74/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:air.unimi.it:2434/1148342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2434/1148342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400516","display_name":"Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","host_organization_name":"University of Milan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b4f0a6e7647e4fa8bbf80fdfa57dcfea","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b4f0a6e7647e4fa8bbf80fdfa57dcfea","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Data, Vol 6, Iss 7, p 74 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2306-5729/6/7/74/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data6070074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Data; Volume 6; Issue 7; Pages: 74","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1179929","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/1179929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/data6070074","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data6070074","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/6/7/74/pdf?version=1627021122","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226510","display_name":"Data","issn_l":"2306-5729","issn":["2306-5729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3179929918.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3179929918.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480376833","https://openalex.org/W1493790738","https://openalex.org/W1602154489","https://openalex.org/W1951724000","https://openalex.org/W1968346944","https://openalex.org/W1972202353","https://openalex.org/W1996215710","https://openalex.org/W1996499658","https://openalex.org/W1999525508","https://openalex.org/W2006444123","https://openalex.org/W2016603580","https://openalex.org/W2020057512","https://openalex.org/W2040555123","https://openalex.org/W2045803758","https://openalex.org/W2100856459","https://openalex.org/W2162897826","https://openalex.org/W2216356458","https://openalex.org/W2259181662","https://openalex.org/W2296356056","https://openalex.org/W2313313380","https://openalex.org/W2338594220","https://openalex.org/W2500845915","https://openalex.org/W2584119288","https://openalex.org/W2594563067","https://openalex.org/W2600012639","https://openalex.org/W2744839035","https://openalex.org/W2807959452","https://openalex.org/W2884757795","https://openalex.org/W2892216367","https://openalex.org/W2940874868","https://openalex.org/W2948011742","https://openalex.org/W2998015774","https://openalex.org/W3108784555","https://openalex.org/W4249888275","https://openalex.org/W4288625073","https://openalex.org/W6642228900","https://openalex.org/W7009073044"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987827786","https://openalex.org/W3061763893","https://openalex.org/W2799586942","https://openalex.org/W4367360465","https://openalex.org/W2504091800","https://openalex.org/W2331775400","https://openalex.org/W2816728186","https://openalex.org/W2804624249","https://openalex.org/W3154404963","https://openalex.org/W2906062308"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays,":[0],"the":[1,30,35,41,45,70,86,100,129,136],"importance":[2],"of":[3,19,23,29,37,43,47,62,88,131,138],"educational":[4],"data":[5],"mining":[6],"and":[7,22,92,127],"learning":[8,38],"analytics":[9],"in":[10,34,69,82,111],"higher":[11],"education":[12],"institutions":[13],"is":[14,27,59],"being":[15],"recognised.":[16],"The":[17,118],"analysis":[18],"university":[20],"careers":[21],"student":[24,49,109,125,139],"dropout":[25,110],"prediction":[26],"one":[28],"most":[31],"studied":[32],"topics":[33],"area":[36],"analytics.":[39],"From":[40],"perspective":[42],"estimating":[44],"likelihood":[46],"a":[48,60,66,79],"dropping":[50],"out,":[51],"we":[52,103],"propose":[53],"an":[54],"innovative":[55],"statistical":[56],"method":[57,91],"that":[58],"generalisation":[61],"mixed-effects":[63,74],"trees":[64,75],"for":[65],"response":[67],"variable":[68],"exponential":[71],"family:":[72],"generalised":[73],"(GMET).":[76],"We":[77],"performed":[78],"simulation":[80],"study":[81],"order":[83],"to":[84,93,96,106,122],"validate":[85],"performance":[87],"our":[89],"proposed":[90],"compare":[94],"GMET":[95,105],"classical":[97],"models.":[98],"In":[99],"case":[101],"study,":[102],"applied":[104],"model":[107,119],"undergraduate":[108],"different":[112],"courses":[113],"at":[114],"Politecnico":[115],"di":[116],"Milano.":[117],"was":[120],"able":[121],"identify":[123],"discriminating":[124],"characteristics":[126],"estimate":[128],"effect":[130],"each":[132],"degree-based":[133],"course":[134],"on":[135],"probability":[137],"dropout.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
