{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391169505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cryptography8010003","title":"Novel and Efficient Privacy-Preserving Continuous Authentication","display_name":"Novel and Efficient Privacy-Preserving Continuous Authentication","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391169505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cryptography8010003"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/cryptography8010003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cryptography8010003","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/8/1/3/pdf?version=1706062539","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223320","display_name":"Cryptography","issn_l":"2410-387X","issn":["2410-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cryptography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/8/1/3/pdf?version=1706062539","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019952252","display_name":"Ahmed Fraz Baig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6017-0237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I144648426","display_name":"Norwegian Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02gm7te43","country_code":"NO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I144648426"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Fraz Baig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gj\u00f8vik, Norway","Norwegian Computing Center, 0314 Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6017-0237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gj\u00f8vik, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Computing Center, 0314 Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I144648426"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051616146","display_name":"Sigurd Eskeland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0045-3387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I144648426","display_name":"Norwegian Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02gm7te43","country_code":"NO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I144648426"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sigurd Eskeland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Computing Center, 0314 Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Computing Center, 0314 Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I144648426"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084188534","display_name":"Bian Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6189-1976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bian Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gj\u00f8vik, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gj\u00f8vik, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019952252"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I144648426","https://openalex.org/I204778367"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":3.7216,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9329436,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"3","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5809170007705688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5546921491622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.553368330001831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5323035717010498}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5809170007705688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5546921491622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.553368330001831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5323035717010498}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/cryptography8010003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cryptography8010003","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/8/1/3/pdf?version=1706062539","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223320","display_name":"Cryptography","issn_l":"2410-387X","issn":["2410-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cryptography","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:82eb7421b55b414099098e8536433ab6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/82eb7421b55b414099098e8536433ab6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cryptography, Vol 8, Iss 1, p 3 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/3120219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3120219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"8","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/cryptography8010003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cryptography8010003","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/8/1/3/pdf?version=1706062539","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223320","display_name":"Cryptography","issn_l":"2410-387X","issn":["2410-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cryptography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5398162870","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"860315","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391169505.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179458199","https://openalex.org/W640039046","https://openalex.org/W1483327747","https://openalex.org/W1819119697","https://openalex.org/W1836919303","https://openalex.org/W1966864883","https://openalex.org/W2032551902","https://openalex.org/W2064053094","https://openalex.org/W2078053307","https://openalex.org/W2113474134","https://openalex.org/W2118396397","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2139500053","https://openalex.org/W2147668280","https://openalex.org/W2168154523","https://openalex.org/W2952296916","https://openalex.org/W2970364331","https://openalex.org/W3111135321","https://openalex.org/W3141266239","https://openalex.org/W3183392398","https://openalex.org/W3183770746","https://openalex.org/W3197878201","https://openalex.org/W3217342791","https://openalex.org/W4285413749","https://openalex.org/W4285414559","https://openalex.org/W4384203302","https://openalex.org/W4400049738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655","https://openalex.org/W2912135041"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Continuous":[0],"authentication":[1,104],"enhances":[2],"security":[3],"by":[4],"re-verifying":[5],"a":[6,107],"user\u2019s":[7,47],"validity":[8],"during":[9],"the":[10,46,78,91,95],"active":[11],"session.":[12],"It":[13],"utilizes":[14],"data":[15,28,56],"about":[16,31,45],"users\u2019":[17],"behavioral":[18],"actions":[19],"and":[20,40,52,88,111,116],"contextual":[21,38],"information":[22,30,44],"to":[23,76],"authenticate":[24],"them":[25],"continuously.":[26],"Such":[27],"contain":[29],"user-sensitive":[32,81],"attributes":[33,82],"such":[34],"as":[35],"gender,":[36],"age,":[37],"information,":[39],"may":[41],"also":[42],"provide":[43],"emotional":[48],"states.":[49],"The":[50,73,100],"collection":[51],"processing":[53],"of":[54,80,98],"sensitive":[55],"cause":[57],"privacy":[58],"concerns.":[59],"In":[60],"this":[61],"paper,":[62],"we":[63],"propose":[64],"two":[65],"efficient":[66],"protocols":[67,101],"that":[68],"enable":[69],"privacy-preserving":[70],"continuous":[71],"authentication.":[72],"contribution":[74],"is":[75],"prevent":[77],"disclosure":[79],"using":[83],"partial":[84],"homomorphic":[85],"cryptographic":[86],"primitives":[87],"reveal":[89],"only":[90],"aggregated":[92],"result":[93],"without":[94],"explicit":[96],"use":[97],"decryption.":[99],"complete":[102],"an":[103],"decision":[105],"in":[106,122],"single":[108],"unidirectional":[109],"transmission":[110],"have":[112],"very":[113],"low":[114],"communication":[115],"computation":[117],"costs":[118],"with":[119],"no":[120],"degradation":[121],"biometric":[123],"performance.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-25T08:17:42.794288","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}