{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2782973853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers7010009","title":"An Improvement on Remote User Authentication Schemes Using Smart Cards","display_name":"An Improvement on Remote User Authentication Schemes Using Smart Cards","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2782973853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers7010009","mag":"2782973853"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers7010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers7010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/7/1/9/pdf?version=1516095435","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/7/1/9/pdf?version=1516095435","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101689181","display_name":"Chin\u2010Ling Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4958-2043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126145234","display_name":"Chaoyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xwksx09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49232843","display_name":"Changchun University","ror":"https://ror.org/02an57k10","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49232843"]}],"countries":["CN","TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Ling Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan","School of Information Engineering, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Changchun 130600, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Changchun 130600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49232843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045871346","display_name":"Yong\u2010Yuan Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-8184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126145234","display_name":"Chaoyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xwksx09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong-Yuan Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081511969","display_name":"Yung-Wen Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91279580","display_name":"Chung Shan Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059ryjv25","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91279580"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yung-Wen Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical Therapy, Chun Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Therapy, Chun Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91279580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047482289","display_name":"Jung\u2010Hsuan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2541-4053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134161618","display_name":"National Taiwan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/059dkdx38","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jung-Hsuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112082168","display_name":"Yu-Fan Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126145234","display_name":"Chaoyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xwksx09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Fan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101689181"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234","https://openalex.org/I49232843"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.7582,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73653754,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"9","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.7946474552154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7707419395446777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-cracking","display_name":"Password cracking","score":0.7294825315475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6918565034866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-card","display_name":"Smart card","score":0.6653880476951599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dictionary-attack","display_name":"Dictionary attack","score":0.5164804458618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfeit","display_name":"Counterfeit","score":0.4998490810394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-strength","display_name":"Password strength","score":0.49375852942466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.47078627347946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s/key","display_name":"S/KEY","score":0.46548691391944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-time-password","display_name":"One-time password","score":0.42131882905960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/man-in-the-middle-attack","display_name":"Man-in-the-middle attack","score":0.4207785725593567}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.7946474552154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7707419395446777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3847113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2746524","display_name":"Password cracking","level":5,"score":0.7294825315475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6918565034866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110406131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41349","display_name":"Smart card","level":2,"score":0.6653880476951599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113328881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599809","display_name":"Dictionary attack","level":3,"score":0.5164804458618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779356469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502918","display_name":"Counterfeit","level":2,"score":0.4998490810394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70530487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990841","display_name":"Password strength","level":4,"score":0.49375852942466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.47078627347946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4957475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242186","display_name":"S/KEY","level":3,"score":0.46548691391944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89479133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137840","display_name":"One-time password","level":3,"score":0.42131882905960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196491621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554830","display_name":"Man-in-the-middle attack","level":3,"score":0.4207785725593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers7010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers7010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/7/1/9/pdf?version=1516095435","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:455a25b6bc234af5ad34355c07afa4de","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/455a25b6bc234af5ad34355c07afa4de","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Vol 7, Iss 1, p 9 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers7010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers7010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/7/1/9/pdf?version=1516095435","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2782973853.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481815984","https://openalex.org/W1488644625","https://openalex.org/W1542059364","https://openalex.org/W1573663511","https://openalex.org/W1969855076","https://openalex.org/W1980913637","https://openalex.org/W1987091409","https://openalex.org/W2010220393","https://openalex.org/W2010273963","https://openalex.org/W2010939995","https://openalex.org/W2026329508","https://openalex.org/W2026364737","https://openalex.org/W2030864601","https://openalex.org/W2037562012","https://openalex.org/W2041063657","https://openalex.org/W2043851583","https://openalex.org/W2048887528","https://openalex.org/W2057946041","https://openalex.org/W2071804116","https://openalex.org/W2093243364","https://openalex.org/W2093324882","https://openalex.org/W2094431167","https://openalex.org/W2097968625","https://openalex.org/W2105114022","https://openalex.org/W2110265348","https://openalex.org/W2113446256","https://openalex.org/W2115155275","https://openalex.org/W2126793197","https://openalex.org/W2136522490","https://openalex.org/W2137407364","https://openalex.org/W2143912845","https://openalex.org/W2144016831","https://openalex.org/W2146731124","https://openalex.org/W2149336128","https://openalex.org/W2154909745","https://openalex.org/W2161236388","https://openalex.org/W2163952292","https://openalex.org/W2170200120","https://openalex.org/W2170546879","https://openalex.org/W2215207581","https://openalex.org/W2465903825","https://openalex.org/W2746802708","https://openalex.org/W3106397135","https://openalex.org/W3184949299","https://openalex.org/W6652884593","https://openalex.org/W6682554491","https://openalex.org/W6685189263","https://openalex.org/W6688165619","https://openalex.org/W6719902372","https://openalex.org/W6743058985"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4239831152","https://openalex.org/W2787328792","https://openalex.org/W4319978184","https://openalex.org/W3131491961","https://openalex.org/W2187843169","https://openalex.org/W2159224061","https://openalex.org/W2784826804","https://openalex.org/W1505930949","https://openalex.org/W2804831377","https://openalex.org/W2597260025"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,46],"2010,":[1],"Yeh":[2,52,102],"et":[3,53,103],"al.":[4],"proposed":[5],"two":[6],"robust":[7],"remote":[8,105],"user":[9,37,72,82,106],"authentication":[10,107],"schemes":[11,21,55,108],"using":[12,109],"smart":[13,85,110],"cards;":[14],"their":[15,20],"claims":[16],"were":[17],"such":[18],"that":[19,51],"defended":[22],"against":[23],"ID-theft":[24,60],"attacks,":[25,27,32,36,65],"reply":[26],"undetectable":[28,66],"on-line":[29,67],"password":[30,34,63,68],"guessing":[31,35,64,69],"off-line":[33,62],"impersonation":[38,73],"attack,":[39,61],"server":[40],"counterfeit":[41],"attack":[42],"and":[43,71],"man-in-the-middle":[44],"attack.":[45,74],"this":[47,96],"paper,":[48],"we":[49],"show":[50],"al.\u2019s":[54,104],"are":[56],"still":[57],"vulnerable":[58],"to":[59],"attacks":[70],"Notably,":[75],"problems":[76],"remain":[77],"in":[78],"situations":[79],"where":[80],"the":[81,88],"lost":[83],"a":[84],"card":[86],"or":[87],"malicious":[89],"legal":[90],"user.":[91],"To":[92],"remedy":[93],"these":[94],"flaws,":[95],"paper":[97],"proposes":[98],"an":[99],"improvement":[100],"on":[101],"cards.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
