{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127139739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15020085","title":"Addressing Compatibility Challenges in Multi-Cloud Services: A Markov Chain-Based Service Recommendation Framework","display_name":"Addressing Compatibility Challenges in Multi-Cloud Services: A Markov Chain-Based Service Recommendation Framework","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127139739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15020085"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers15020085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15020085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15020085","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052384224","display_name":"Shiyang Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6140-5496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shiyang Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6140-5496","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lingtao Xue","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingtao Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121689672","display_name":"Xiaojie Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojie Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113077687","display_name":"Zesong Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zesong Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066750506","display_name":"Xuewen Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5745-0545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuewen Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052384224"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12341281,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"85","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.3499000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.3499000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.3472000062465668,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.09260000288486481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compatibility","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","score":0.7804999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6360999941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backward-compatibility","display_name":"Backward compatibility","score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.40700000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.3970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-oriented-architecture","display_name":"Service-oriented architecture","score":0.387800008058548}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778648169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967768","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.7804999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6360999941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5346999764442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20574231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844605","display_name":"Backward compatibility","level":2,"score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.40700000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.3970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57041688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220644","display_name":"Service-oriented architecture","level":3,"score":0.387800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.35580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97300177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1994744","display_name":"Data as a service","level":3,"score":0.32679998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140781008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221081","display_name":"Service quality","level":3,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542858634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7455845","display_name":"Services computing","level":3,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777021972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22976830","display_name":"Uniqueness","level":2,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers15020085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15020085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2d2eb71b4c5442969166d68ca6363af7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2d2eb71b4c5442969166d68ca6363af7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Vol 15, Iss 2, p 85 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers15020085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15020085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Service":[0],"recommendation":[1,45,105,139,248],"aims":[2],"to":[3,11,90,113,142,162,198,220],"assist":[4],"users":[5],"in":[6,18,84,120,166,247,251,255,260],"selecting":[7],"appropriate":[8],"services":[9,29],"according":[10],"their":[12],"requirements":[13],"while":[14,60],"ensuring":[15],"seamless":[16],"compatibility":[17,51,83,101,145,157,188,193],"modern":[19],"cloud":[20,35,86],"and":[21,37,116,124,147,175,186,209,226,258],"edge":[22],"computing":[23],"environments.":[24,169],"In":[25],"dynamic":[26,63,85,167],"multi-cloud":[27,99,137,168,192],"scenarios,":[28],"are":[30,38,218],"typically":[31],"deployed":[32],"across":[33],"heterogeneous":[34],"platforms":[36],"frequently":[39],"reconfigured.":[40],"However,":[41,68],"most":[42],"existing":[43,265],"service":[44,55,66,82,100,138,144,164,204],"approaches":[46],"primarily":[47],"focus":[48],"on":[49],"static":[50],"aspects,":[52],"such":[53],"as":[54],"interfaces":[56],"or":[57],"communication":[58],"protocols,":[59],"overlooking":[61],"the":[62,75,95,149,172,181,223,229,238],"characteristics":[64],"of":[65,77,97,178,215,228],"interactions.":[67],"several":[69],"limitations":[70],"can":[71],"be":[72],"identified.":[73],"First,":[74,152],"lack":[76],"effective":[78],"mechanisms":[79],"for":[80],"quantifying":[81],"environments":[87],"often":[88],"leads":[89],"degraded":[91],"system":[92],"efficiency.":[93],"Second,":[94,190],"absence":[96],"dedicated":[98],"quantification":[102,158,194,231],"methodologies":[103],"restricts":[104],"accuracy.":[106],"Third,":[107,212],"insufficient":[108],"mathematical":[109,216],"analysis":[110],"with":[111,264],"respect":[112],"uniqueness,":[114],"feasibility,":[115,224],"correctness":[117],"may":[118],"result":[119],"unstable":[121],"evaluation":[122],"outcomes":[123],"additional":[125],"computational":[126],"overhead.":[127],"To":[128],"overcome":[129],"these":[130],"limitations,":[131],"this":[132],"paper":[133],"presents":[134],"McCom,":[135],"a":[136,153,191,213],"framework":[140,240],"designed":[141],"quantify":[143],"performance":[146,243],"address":[148],"aforementioned":[150],"challenges.":[151],"novel":[154],"Markov":[155,179],"chain-based":[156],"model":[159,183],"is":[160,196],"developed":[161],"characterize":[163],"interactions":[165],"By":[170],"exploiting":[171],"homogeneity,":[173],"irreducibility,":[174],"convergence":[176],"properties":[177],"chains,":[180],"proposed":[182,230,239],"enables":[184],"stable":[185],"reliable":[187],"assessment.":[189],"strategy":[195],"introduced":[197],"mitigate":[199],"interference":[200],"arising":[201],"from":[202],"complex":[203],"pools":[205],"through":[206],"refined":[207],"filtering":[208],"sketching":[210],"mechanisms.":[211],"series":[214],"proofs":[217],"provided":[219],"rigorously":[221],"demonstrate":[222],"correctness,":[225],"uniqueness":[227],"method.":[232],"Extensive":[233],"simulation":[234],"results":[235],"indicate":[236],"that":[237],"achieves":[241],"significant":[242],"improvements,":[244],"including":[245],"enhancements":[246],"quality":[249],"(14.44%":[250],"F1":[252],"score),":[253],"reductions":[254],"latency":[256],"(40.68%),":[257],"increases":[259],"accuracy":[261],"(50.85%),":[262],"compared":[263],"state-of-the-art":[266],"approaches.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}
