{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123357945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15010051","title":"Integrating ESP32-Based IoT Architectures and Cloud Visualization to Foster Data Literacy in Early Engineering Education","display_name":"Integrating ESP32-Based IoT Architectures and Cloud Visualization to Foster Data Literacy in Early Engineering Education","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123357945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15010051"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers15010051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15010051","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/15/1/51/pdf?version=1768292915","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/15/1/51/pdf?version=1768292915","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087755682","display_name":"Jael Dolores Zambrano Mieles","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2796-8420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090927","display_name":"Universidad Estatal de Milagro","ror":"https://ror.org/00gd7ns03","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090927"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jael Zambrano-Mieles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Vinculaci\u00f3n, Universidad Estatal de Milagro, Milagro 092301, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Vinculaci\u00f3n, Universidad Estatal de Milagro, Milagro 092301, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090927"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041365917","display_name":"Miguel Tupac-Yupanqui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9158-136X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165210","display_name":"Universidad Continental","ror":"https://ror.org/05rcf8d17","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165210"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Tupac-Yupanqui","raw_affiliation_strings":["EAP Ingenier\u00eda de Sistemas e Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad Continental, Huancayo 05001, Peru"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EAP Ingenier\u00eda de Sistemas e Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad Continental, Huancayo 05001, Peru","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122849922","display_name":"Salutar Mari-Loardo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27832314","display_name":"Asociaci\u00f3n Civil Impacta Salud y Educaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/02bm24g42","country_code":"PE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27832314"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098710","display_name":"Asociaci\u00f3n para la Conservaci\u00f3n de la Cuenca Amaz\u00f3nica","ror":"https://ror.org/00xn8e010","country_code":"PE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098710"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salutar Mari-Loardo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Escuela de Educaci\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica Asociaci\u00f3n de Exportadores ADEX, Lima 15021, Peru"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Escuela de Educaci\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica Asociaci\u00f3n de Exportadores ADEX, Lima 15021, Peru","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27832314","https://openalex.org/I4210098710"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076413061","display_name":"Cristian Vidal-Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1600-3447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134695357","display_name":"University of Talca","ror":"https://ror.org/01s4gpq44","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134695357"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cristian Vidal-Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Visualizaci\u00f3n Interactiva y Realidad Virtual, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1600-3447","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Visualizaci\u00f3n Interactiva y Realidad Virtual, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134695357"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076413061"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134695357"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06260243,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"51","last_page":"51"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13405","display_name":"Educational Assessment and Improvement","score":0.13210000097751617,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13405","display_name":"Educational Assessment and Improvement","score":0.13210000097751617,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.0714000016450882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.06669999659061432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5504999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5187000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridging","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","score":0.47429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.424699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-visualization","display_name":"Data visualization","score":0.41440001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.35899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7113000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5504999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5187000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.47429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.424699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.41440001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4000999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.3571999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173018170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165678","display_name":"Microcontroller","level":2,"score":0.34540000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5041995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853745","display_name":"Engineering education","level":2,"score":0.3107999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2890999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845208","display_name":"Learning analytics","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.26030001044273376}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers15010051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15010051","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/15/1/51/pdf?version=1768292915","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:be5ecc96f1264c6289577636588b582e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/be5ecc96f1264c6289577636588b582e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Vol 15, Iss 1, p 51 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers15010051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers15010051","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/15/1/51/pdf?version=1768292915","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8889228701591492}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7123357945.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7123357945.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2999769795","https://openalex.org/W3006404867","https://openalex.org/W3189115867","https://openalex.org/W4210883344","https://openalex.org/W4225455732","https://openalex.org/W4238518718","https://openalex.org/W4285819628","https://openalex.org/W4319993304","https://openalex.org/W4384559085","https://openalex.org/W4385347006","https://openalex.org/W4385724186","https://openalex.org/W4386729075","https://openalex.org/W4388422529","https://openalex.org/W4390096796","https://openalex.org/W4393253188","https://openalex.org/W4396736831","https://openalex.org/W4400577651","https://openalex.org/W4401809443","https://openalex.org/W4404724865","https://openalex.org/W4405623342","https://openalex.org/W4406697513","https://openalex.org/W4407603331","https://openalex.org/W4408302984","https://openalex.org/W4409149375","https://openalex.org/W4409253267","https://openalex.org/W4414251861","https://openalex.org/W4415782927","https://openalex.org/W7091710127"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,72,102,114],"design":[4],"and":[5,16,37,48,120],"implementation":[6],"of":[7,99],"a":[8,32,51,94,132],"full-stack":[9],"IoT":[10,129],"ecosystem":[11],"based":[12],"on":[13,93],"ESP32":[14],"microcontrollers":[15],"web-based":[17],"visualization":[18,103],"dashboards":[19,104],"to":[20,40,78,89,135],"support":[21],"scientific":[22],"reasoning":[23],"in":[24,139],"first-year":[25],"engineering":[26,141],"students.":[27],"The":[28],"proposed":[29],"architecture":[30],"integrates":[31],"four-layer":[33],"model\u2014perception,":[34],"network,":[35],"service,":[36],"application\u2014enabling":[38],"students":[39,100],"deploy":[41],"real-time":[42],"environmental":[43],"monitoring":[44],"systems":[45],"for":[46,110],"agriculture":[47],"beekeeping.":[49],"Through":[50],"sixteen-week":[52],"Project-Based":[53],"Learning":[54],"(PBL)":[55],"intervention":[56],"with":[57],"91":[58],"participants,":[59],"we":[60],"evaluated":[61],"how":[62],"this":[63],"technological":[64],"stack":[65],"influences":[66],"technical":[67],"proficiency.":[68],"Results":[69],"indicate":[70],"that":[71,126],"transition":[73],"from":[74,85],"local":[75],"code":[76],"execution":[77],"cloud-based":[79],"telemetry":[80],"increased":[81],"perceived":[82],"learning":[83],"confidence":[84],"\u03bc=3.9":[86],"(Challenge":[87],"phase)":[88,92],"\u03bc=4.6":[90],"(Reflection":[91],"5-point":[95],"scale.":[96],"Furthermore,":[97],"96%":[98],"identified":[101],"as":[105],"essential":[106],"Human\u2013Computer":[107],"Interfaces":[108],"(HCI)":[109],"debugging,":[111],"effectively":[112],"bridging":[113],"gap":[115],"between":[116],"raw":[117],"sensor":[118],"data":[119,137],"evidence-based":[121],"argumentation.":[122],"These":[123],"findings":[124],"demonstrate":[125],"integrating":[127],"open-source":[128],"architectures":[130],"provides":[131],"scalable":[133],"mechanism":[134],"cultivate":[136],"literacy":[138],"early":[140],"education.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}