{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416998063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14120531","title":"Advanced System for Remote Updates on ESP32-Based Devices Using Over-the-Air Update Technology","display_name":"Advanced System for Remote Updates on ESP32-Based Devices Using Over-the-Air Update Technology","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416998063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14120531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers14120531","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14120531","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/12/531/pdf?version=1764834343","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/12/531/pdf?version=1764834343","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031521442","display_name":"Luk\u00e1\u0161 Formanek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1225-461X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122011922","display_name":"University of \u017dilina","ror":"https://ror.org/031wwwj55","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122011922"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukas Formanek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122011922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116056982","display_name":"Michal Kuba\u0161\u010d\u00edk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3901-388X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122011922","display_name":"University of \u017dilina","ror":"https://ror.org/031wwwj55","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122011922"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michal Kubascik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122011922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050391563","display_name":"Ondrej Karpi\u0161","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6140-0751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122011922","display_name":"University of \u017dilina","ror":"https://ror.org/031wwwj55","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122011922"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ondrej Karpis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122011922"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120260583","display_name":"Peter Kolok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8309-5634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122011922","display_name":"University of \u017dilina","ror":"https://ror.org/031wwwj55","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122011922"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Kolok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technical Cybernetics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina, 01026 Zilina, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122011922"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5116056982"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122011922"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38650994,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"12","first_page":"531","last_page":"531"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.14390000700950623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.14390000700950623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.12020000070333481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.07919999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firmware","display_name":"Firmware","score":0.8637999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vendor","display_name":"Vendor","score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.46480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.3984000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-availability","display_name":"High availability","score":0.3700999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/failover","display_name":"Failover","score":0.34450000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcode","display_name":"Microcode","score":0.3303999900817871}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67212190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104851","display_name":"Firmware","level":2,"score":0.8637999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6722999811172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777338717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1762621","display_name":"Vendor","level":2,"score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.48010000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.46480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.3984000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65813073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622420","display_name":"High availability","level":2,"score":0.3700999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35420000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109751979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q998767","display_name":"Failover","level":2,"score":0.34450000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22174128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175869","display_name":"Microcode","level":2,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63000827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3080428","display_name":"Software portability","level":2,"score":0.3167000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776303644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1020499","display_name":"Interfacing","level":2,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40071531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2513962","display_name":"Industrial control system","level":3,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174220543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395307","display_name":"Rollback","level":3,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77019957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2689057","display_name":"Dependability","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers14120531","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14120531","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/12/531/pdf?version=1764834343","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4de9579700d94997ae88e0acd492ac5a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4de9579700d94997ae88e0acd492ac5a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Vol 14, Iss 12, p 531 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers14120531","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14120531","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/12/531/pdf?version=1764834343","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416998063.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1954843481","https://openalex.org/W1968032787","https://openalex.org/W2021356508","https://openalex.org/W2288934870","https://openalex.org/W2508883769","https://openalex.org/W2514187645","https://openalex.org/W2737383818","https://openalex.org/W2747566144","https://openalex.org/W2947506247","https://openalex.org/W3005876284","https://openalex.org/W3138242362","https://openalex.org/W3207696788","https://openalex.org/W4214674051","https://openalex.org/W4251035153","https://openalex.org/W4285011151","https://openalex.org/W4298325597","https://openalex.org/W4303981292","https://openalex.org/W4307216915","https://openalex.org/W4313549823","https://openalex.org/W4385270050","https://openalex.org/W4391981308","https://openalex.org/W4393143155","https://openalex.org/W4399143081","https://openalex.org/W4401943044","https://openalex.org/W4403513343","https://openalex.org/W4404694816","https://openalex.org/W4406803925","https://openalex.org/W4408258257","https://openalex.org/W4409439357","https://openalex.org/W4410086948","https://openalex.org/W4413179679","https://openalex.org/W4414251861","https://openalex.org/W4414462703","https://openalex.org/W4416677079"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over-the-air":[0],"(OTA)":[1],"firmware":[2,29,82],"updating":[3],"has":[4],"become":[5],"a":[6,56,95,120,148],"fundamental":[7],"requirement":[8],"in":[9,23,31,158],"modern":[10],"Internet":[11],"of":[12,18,108,122],"Things":[13],"(IoT)":[14],"deployments,":[15],"where":[16],"thousands":[17],"heterogeneous":[19,85],"embedded":[20],"devices":[21,64,124],"operate":[22],"remote":[24,160],"and":[25,37,50,70,78,94,102,111,116,150,162],"distributed":[26],"environments.":[27],"Manual":[28],"maintenance":[30],"such":[32],"systems":[33],"is":[34,114],"impractical,":[35],"costly,":[36],"prone":[38],"to":[39,130],"security":[40],"risks,":[41],"making":[42],"automated":[43],"update":[44,59,127],"mechanisms":[45],"essential":[46],"for":[47,61,100,153],"long-term":[48],"reliability":[49],"lifecycle":[51,156],"management.":[52],"This":[53],"paper":[54],"presents":[55],"unified":[57],"OTA":[58,133,155],"architecture":[60],"ESP32-based":[62],"IoT":[63],"that":[65],"integrates":[66],"centralized":[67],"version":[68],"control":[69],"multi-protocol":[71],"communication":[72],"support":[73],"(Wi-Fi,":[74],"BLE,":[75],"Zigbee,":[76],"LoRa,":[77],"GSM),":[79],"enabling":[80],"consistent":[81],"distribution":[83],"across":[84],"networks.":[86],"The":[87],"system":[88],"incorporates":[89],"version-compatibility":[90],"checks,":[91],"rollback":[92],"capability,":[93],"server-driven":[96],"release":[97],"routing":[98],"mechanism":[99],"development":[101],"production":[103],"branches.":[104],"An":[105],"analytical":[106],"model":[107],"timing,":[109],"reliability,":[110],"energy":[112],"consumption":[113],"provided,":[115],"experimental":[117],"validation":[118],"on":[119],"fleet":[121],"ESP32":[123],"demonstrates":[125],"reduced":[126],"latency":[128],"compared":[129],"native":[131],"vendor":[132],"solutions,":[134],"together":[135],"with":[136],"reliable":[137],"operation":[138],"under":[139],"simultaneous":[140],"device":[141],"loads.":[142],"Overall,":[143],"the":[144],"proposed":[145],"solution":[146],"provides":[147],"scalable":[149],"resilient":[151],"foundation":[152],"secure":[154],"management":[157],"smart-industry,":[159],"sensing,":[161],"autonomous":[163],"infrastructure":[164],"applications.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-12-04T00:00:00"}
