{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409339174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14040143","title":"A State-of-the-Art Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications in Healthcare: Advances in Diabetes, Cancer, Epidemiology, and Mortality Prediction","display_name":"A State-of-the-Art Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications in Healthcare: Advances in Diabetes, Cancer, Epidemiology, and Mortality Prediction","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409339174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14040143"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers14040143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14040143","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/4/143/pdf?version=1744334041","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/4/143/pdf?version=1744334041","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031056801","display_name":"Mariano Vargas-Santiago","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9295-5917"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariano Vargas-Santiago","raw_affiliation_strings":["Secretaria de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u00eda e Inovaci\u00f3n (Secihti-IXM), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 03940, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9295-5917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Secretaria de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u00eda e Inovaci\u00f3n (Secihti-IXM), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 03940, Mexico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068454451","display_name":"Diana A. Le\u00f3n-Velasco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-9402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104854061","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo","ror":"https://ror.org/031f8kt38","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104854061"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200362191","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana","ror":"https://ror.org/02kta5139","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200362191"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diana Assaely Le\u00f3n-Velasco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Sistemas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 02128, Mexico","Escuela Superior de Apan, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo 43920, Mexico","Science Department, Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14380, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-9402","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Sistemas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 02128, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200362191"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Escuela Superior de Apan, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo 43920, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104854061"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science Department, Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14380, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008768642","display_name":"Christian E. Maldonado-Sifuentes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5390-9301"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Efra\u00edn Maldonado-Sifuentes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Secretaria de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u00eda e Inovaci\u00f3n (Secihti-IXM), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 03940, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5390-9301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Secretaria de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u00eda e Inovaci\u00f3n (Secihti-IXM), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 03940, Mexico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087217360","display_name":"Liliana Chanona-Hern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7468-9603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59361560","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/059sp8j34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liliana Chanona-Hernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Mec\u00e1nica y El\u00e9ctrica, Unidad Zacatenco, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 07700, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7468-9603","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Mec\u00e1nica y El\u00e9ctrica, Unidad Zacatenco, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 07700, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087217360"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":33.6841,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99510877,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"143","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidemiology","display_name":"Epidemiology","score":0.6369149684906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.5511438846588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.5060741305351257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","score":0.4813014566898346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.40439122915267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.38188636302948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3332703113555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.11778202652931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.11104831099510193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.09463775157928467}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.6369149684906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5511438846588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.5060741305351257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.4813014566898346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.40439122915267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.38188636302948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3332703113555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.11778202652931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11104831099510193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.09463775157928467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers14040143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14040143","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/4/143/pdf?version=1744334041","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:841dd213cc774e36a8eb6a198abacbe5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/841dd213cc774e36a8eb6a198abacbe5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Vol 14, Iss 4, p 143 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers14040143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14040143","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/4/143/pdf?version=1744334041","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409339174.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409339174.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111547563","https://openalex.org/W2557738935","https://openalex.org/W2581082771","https://openalex.org/W2766329790","https://openalex.org/W2786474695","https://openalex.org/W2804354698","https://openalex.org/W2888424632","https://openalex.org/W2893457521","https://openalex.org/W2937307539","https://openalex.org/W2962862931","https://openalex.org/W2988087638","https://openalex.org/W3017000889","https://openalex.org/W3033283414","https://openalex.org/W3033511014","https://openalex.org/W3041169526","https://openalex.org/W3045674654","https://openalex.org/W3088187081","https://openalex.org/W3103390080","https://openalex.org/W3115897805","https://openalex.org/W3129756165","https://openalex.org/W3135169999","https://openalex.org/W3143299112","https://openalex.org/W3146983201","https://openalex.org/W3175417087","https://openalex.org/W3199675823","https://openalex.org/W3202138229","https://openalex.org/W4200132885","https://openalex.org/W4210534168","https://openalex.org/W4220718380","https://openalex.org/W4220980752","https://openalex.org/W4223899585","https://openalex.org/W4224006918","https://openalex.org/W4288439806","https://openalex.org/W4308309964","https://openalex.org/W4321197470","https://openalex.org/W4324130364","https://openalex.org/W4361010280","https://openalex.org/W4376639394","https://openalex.org/W4376640752","https://openalex.org/W4381252028","https://openalex.org/W4382135419","https://openalex.org/W4387266347","https://openalex.org/W4392560365","https://openalex.org/W4394852492","https://openalex.org/W4401106105","https://openalex.org/W4401363688","https://openalex.org/W4402074979","https://openalex.org/W4402134928","https://openalex.org/W4402996938","https://openalex.org/W4405642348","https://openalex.org/W4407042119","https://openalex.org/W4407159398","https://openalex.org/W4407722258","https://openalex.org/W4408125387","https://openalex.org/W6737947904","https://openalex.org/W6802130798","https://openalex.org/W6872030709","https://openalex.org/W6877158480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W599478544","https://openalex.org/W1576711507","https://openalex.org/W647896512","https://openalex.org/W3121757313","https://openalex.org/W562084794","https://openalex.org/W4231462739","https://openalex.org/W167390939","https://openalex.org/W4385505472","https://openalex.org/W2065902429","https://openalex.org/W2613570068"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"Intelligence":[1],"(AI)":[2],"methodologies":[3],"have":[4],"profoundly":[5],"influenced":[6],"healthcare":[7,86,137],"research,":[8],"particularly":[9],"in":[10,38,84,131],"chronic":[11],"disease":[12],"management":[13],"and":[14,31,45,55,63,74,82,102,115,127,135],"public":[15,64],"health.":[16],"This":[17,118],"paper":[18,119],"provides":[19],"a":[20],"comprehensive":[21],"state-of-the-art":[22],"review":[23],"of":[24,95,124],"AI\u2019s":[25],"applications":[26],"across":[27],"diabetes,":[28],"cancer,":[29],"epidemiology,":[30],"mortality":[32],"prediction.":[33],"The":[34,67],"analysis":[35],"highlights":[36],"advancements":[37],"machine":[39],"learning":[40,43],"(ML),":[41],"deep":[42],"(DL),":[44],"natural":[46],"language":[47],"processing":[48],"(NLP)":[49],"that":[50],"enable":[51],"robust":[52],"predictive":[53,70],"models":[54],"decision":[56,75],"support":[57,76],"systems,":[58],"leading":[59],"to":[60,111],"significant":[61],"clinical":[62],"health":[65],"outcomes.":[66],"study":[68],"examines":[69],"modeling,":[71],"pattern":[72],"recognition,":[73],"applications,":[77],"addressing":[78],"their":[79],"respective":[80],"challenges":[81],"potential":[83],"real-world":[85],"settings.":[87],"Emphasis":[88],"is":[89],"placed":[90],"on":[91],"the":[92,121],"emerging":[93],"role":[94,123],"explainable":[96],"AI":[97,129],"(XAI),":[98],"multimodal":[99],"data":[100],"fusion,":[101],"privacy-preserving":[103],"techniques":[104],"such":[105],"as":[106],"federated":[107],"learning,":[108],"which":[109],"aim":[110],"enhance":[112],"interpretability,":[113],"robustness,":[114],"ethical":[116],"compliance.":[117],"underscores":[120],"vital":[122],"interdisciplinary":[125],"collaboration":[126],"adaptive":[128],"systems":[130],"creating":[132],"resilient,":[133],"scalable,":[134],"patient-centric":[136],"solutions.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T07:12:00.856984","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
