{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405832032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14010006","title":"Noise-Based Active Defense Strategy for Mitigating Eavesdropping Threats in Internet of Things Environments","display_name":"Noise-Based Active Defense Strategy for Mitigating Eavesdropping Threats in Internet of Things Environments","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405832032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14010006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers14010006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14010006","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/1/6/pdf?version=1735302803","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/1/6/pdf?version=1735302803","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008009973","display_name":"Abdallah Farraj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-6773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94734805","display_name":"Bryan College","ror":"https://ror.org/01bgnmj50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94734805"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdallah Farraj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M\u2014RELLIS, Bryan, TX 77807, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M\u2014RELLIS, Bryan, TX 77807, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94734805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026015448","display_name":"Eman Hammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6069-1550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eman Hammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Technology and Industrial Distribution Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Technology and Industrial Distribution Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008009973"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94734805"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":1.1206,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79696953,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"6","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.9705297946929932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6681913137435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.6502867937088013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4947931170463562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46057701110839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.44904178380966187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3289318084716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.14301860332489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0700526237487793}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.9705297946929932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6681913137435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.6502867937088013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4947931170463562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46057701110839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.44904178380966187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3289318084716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.14301860332489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0700526237487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers14010006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14010006","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/1/6/pdf?version=1735302803","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9cf20989554948db8a3110a2025b350a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9cf20989554948db8a3110a2025b350a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Vol 14, Iss 1, p 6 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers14010006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14010006","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/14/1/6/pdf?version=1735302803","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405832032.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405832032.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565176535","https://openalex.org/W2005071719","https://openalex.org/W2009033060","https://openalex.org/W2077386079","https://openalex.org/W2476563174","https://openalex.org/W2509004749","https://openalex.org/W2566769952","https://openalex.org/W2611060944","https://openalex.org/W2893842564","https://openalex.org/W2895216609","https://openalex.org/W2922166137","https://openalex.org/W2951694401","https://openalex.org/W2957915633","https://openalex.org/W2975208138","https://openalex.org/W3005380019","https://openalex.org/W3018707485","https://openalex.org/W3160875403","https://openalex.org/W3212077527","https://openalex.org/W4312543091","https://openalex.org/W4313244838","https://openalex.org/W4387212376","https://openalex.org/W4393325704","https://openalex.org/W4401512286","https://openalex.org/W4403016979","https://openalex.org/W4404739490","https://openalex.org/W4405270111"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368710903","https://openalex.org/W4386360526","https://openalex.org/W2772112465","https://openalex.org/W4387918499","https://openalex.org/W2158905603","https://openalex.org/W2766105476","https://openalex.org/W2735171729","https://openalex.org/W2786267942","https://openalex.org/W2769254131","https://openalex.org/W2091556092"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Establishing":[0],"robust":[1],"cybersecurity":[2],"for":[3,12,150],"Internet":[4],"of":[5,26,51,82,153,182,195],"Things":[6],"(IoT)":[7],"ecosystems":[8],"poses":[9],"significant":[10],"challenges":[11],"system":[13],"operators":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,47,78,117,140,167],"IoT":[17,45,87,91,108,144,155,188],"resource":[18],"constraints,":[19],"trade-offs":[20],"between":[21],"security":[22,30,40,169],"and":[23,28,33,74,130,172],"performance,":[24],"diversity":[25],"applications,":[27],"their":[29,138],"requirements,":[31],"usability,":[32],"scalability.":[34],"This":[35,59],"article":[36,178],"introduces":[37],"a":[38,164],"physical-layer":[39],"(PLS)":[41],"approach":[42],"that":[43,187],"enables":[44],"devices":[46,189],"maintain":[48],"specified":[49],"levels":[50,194],"information":[52,109],"confidentiality":[53,152],"against":[54],"wireless":[55,97],"channel":[56,98],"eavesdropping":[57,83],"threats.":[58],"work":[60],"proposes":[61],"applying":[62],"PLS":[63],"active":[64],"defense":[65],"mechanisms":[66],"utilizing":[67],"spectrum-sharing":[68],"schemes":[69],"combined":[70],"with":[71],"fair":[72],"scheduling":[73],"power":[75],"management":[76],"algorithms":[77],"mitigate":[79],"the":[80,106,125,132,142,151,154,180,183,192],"risk":[81],"attacks":[84],"on":[85],"resource-constrained":[86],"environments.":[88],"Specifically,":[89],"an":[90,95,118],"device":[92],"communicating":[93],"over":[94],"insecure":[96],"will":[99,115],"utilize":[100],"intentional":[101,112],"noise":[102,113],"signals":[103],"transmitted":[104,143],"alongside":[105],"actual":[107],"signal.":[110],"The":[111,158],"signal":[114],"appear":[116],"eavesdropper":[119],"(EVE)":[120],"as":[121,163],"additional":[122],"noise,":[123],"reducing":[124],"EVE\u2019s":[126,133],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[127],"ratio":[128],"(SINR)":[129],"increasing":[131],"outage":[134],"probability,":[135],"thereby":[136],"restricting":[137],"capacity":[139],"decode":[141],"information,":[145],"resulting":[146],"in":[147,176],"better":[148],"protection":[149],"device\u2019s":[156],"transmission.":[157],"proposed":[159,184],"communication":[160],"strategy":[161],"serves":[162],"complementary":[165],"solution":[166],"existing":[168],"methods.":[170],"Analytical":[171],"numerical":[173],"analyses":[174],"presented":[175],"this":[177],"validate":[179],"effectiveness":[181],"strategy,":[185],"demonstrating":[186],"can":[190],"achieve":[191],"desired":[193],"confidentiality.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}