{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293427640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11090130","title":"Assessment of Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network for Pulmonary Function Test\u2019s Diagnosis Using ATS and ERS Respiratory Standard Parameters","display_name":"Assessment of Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network for Pulmonary Function Test\u2019s Diagnosis Using ATS and ERS Respiratory Standard Parameters","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293427640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11090130"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers11090130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11090130","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/11/9/130/pdf?version=1661754833","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/11/9/130/pdf?version=1661754833","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029817209","display_name":"Ahmad A. Almazloum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9705-4667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad A. Almazloum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Albert Einstein 400, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria Zeferino Vaz, Campinas 13083-852, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9705-4667","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Albert Einstein 400, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria Zeferino Vaz, Campinas 13083-852, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002841767","display_name":"Abdel-Razzak Al-Hinnawi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4368-345X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92449659","display_name":"Isra University","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4bt482","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdel-Razzak Al-Hinnawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan","Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4368-345X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92449659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049566249","display_name":"Roberto De Fazio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0893-138X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142910587","display_name":"University of Salento","ror":"https://ror.org/03fc1k060","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142910587"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096856","display_name":"Innovation Engineering (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/00sxjp357","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto De Fazio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0893-138X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096856","https://openalex.org/I142910587"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012506211","display_name":"Paolo Visconti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4058-4042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142910587","display_name":"University of Salento","ror":"https://ror.org/03fc1k060","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142910587"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096856","display_name":"Innovation Engineering (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/00sxjp357","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Visconti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4058-4042","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096856","https://openalex.org/I142910587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012506211","https://openalex.org/A5029817209"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142910587","https://openalex.org/I181391015","https://openalex.org/I4210096856"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.9065,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75131068,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"9","first_page":"130","last_page":"130"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9775999784469604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9775999784469604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9764999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9448000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-function-testing","display_name":"Pulmonary function testing","score":0.6544086933135986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.632326066493988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptron","display_name":"Perceptron","score":0.6305922865867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","score":0.55540931224823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5415765047073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receiver-operating-characteristic","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","score":0.5091192126274109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.508679211139679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operability","display_name":"Operability","score":0.5011181831359863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49566590785980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-set","display_name":"Test set","score":0.43997856974601746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-support-system","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","score":0.4264606237411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4197775721549988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.41562527418136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.3798186182975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3211139440536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.14921888709068298}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75603125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1877462","display_name":"Pulmonary function testing","level":2,"score":0.6544086933135986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.632326066493988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.6305922865867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179717631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991667","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","level":3,"score":0.55540931224823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5415765047073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.5091192126274109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.508679211139679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126231374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061298","display_name":"Operability","level":2,"score":0.5011181831359863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49566590785980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169903167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Test set","level":2,"score":0.43997856974601746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63527458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133829","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","level":3,"score":0.4264606237411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4197775721549988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41562527418136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.3798186182975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3211139440536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.14921888709068298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers11090130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11090130","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/11/9/130/pdf?version=1661754833","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f6abbecc58d14c93895c9e51230f8dcf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f6abbecc58d14c93895c9e51230f8dcf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Vol 11, Iss 9, p 130 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers11090130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11090130","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/11/9/130/pdf?version=1661754833","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293427640.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293427640.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W153786627","https://openalex.org/W571200655","https://openalex.org/W1874943741","https://openalex.org/W1963909859","https://openalex.org/W1971240841","https://openalex.org/W1999664561","https://openalex.org/W2028798134","https://openalex.org/W2029820879","https://openalex.org/W2038141841","https://openalex.org/W2058356130","https://openalex.org/W2066169201","https://openalex.org/W2070188654","https://openalex.org/W2124879124","https://openalex.org/W2125078269","https://openalex.org/W2145504051","https://openalex.org/W2151029520","https://openalex.org/W2169976759","https://openalex.org/W2248644291","https://openalex.org/W2578435868","https://openalex.org/W2622137535","https://openalex.org/W2747821050","https://openalex.org/W2886172374","https://openalex.org/W2913204420","https://openalex.org/W2921183124","https://openalex.org/W2998216295","https://openalex.org/W2998496163","https://openalex.org/W3010167363","https://openalex.org/W3036916528","https://openalex.org/W3133722448","https://openalex.org/W3174179251","https://openalex.org/W3207261777","https://openalex.org/W4220978735","https://openalex.org/W4281721547","https://openalex.org/W6681435250","https://openalex.org/W6739079581","https://openalex.org/W7066667914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076543106","https://openalex.org/W2523437662","https://openalex.org/W89844371","https://openalex.org/W2019891950","https://openalex.org/W2085842814","https://openalex.org/W4286643620","https://openalex.org/W4387048144","https://openalex.org/W2492135063","https://openalex.org/W2362514456","https://openalex.org/W2136232598"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,54,109,123,174],"aim":[1],"of":[2,11,41,98,179],"the":[3,9,12,22,28,43,60,63,68,133,139,151,154,162,171,177,180,209,212],"research":[4],"work":[5],"is":[6],"to":[7,33,79,196],"investigate":[8],"operability":[10],"entire":[13],"23":[14,55,186],"pulmonary":[15,44],"function":[16,45],"parameters,":[17],"which":[18],"are":[19],"stipulated":[20],"by":[21,59,183],"American":[23],"Thoracic":[24],"Society":[25,31],"(ATS)":[26],"and":[27,62,106,119,138,147,153,211],"European":[29],"Respiratory":[30],"(ERS),":[32],"design":[34,197],"a":[35,80,198,204],"medical":[36],"decision":[37,125,200],"support":[38,126,201],"system":[39,175],"capable":[40],"classifying":[42],"tests":[46],"into":[47],"normal,":[48],"obstructive,":[49,104],"restrictive,":[50,105],"or":[51],"mixed":[52,107],"cases.":[53,122],"respiratory":[56,99],"parameters":[57,190],"specified":[58],"ATS":[61],"ERS":[64],"guidelines,":[65],"obtained":[66],"from":[67],"Pulmonary":[69],"Function":[70],"Test":[71],"(PFT)":[72],"device,":[73],"were":[74,93,101,129],"employed":[75],"as":[76,194],"input":[77],"features":[78],"Multi-Layer":[81],"Perceptron":[82],"(MLP)":[83],"neural":[84],"network.":[85],"Thirteen":[86],"possible":[87],"MLP":[88],"Back":[89],"Propagation":[90],"(BP)":[91],"algorithms":[92],"assessed.":[94],"Three":[95],"different":[96],"categories":[97],"diseases":[100],"evaluated,":[102],"namely":[103],"conditions.":[108],"framework":[110],"was":[111,168],"applied":[112],"on":[113,150,170],"201":[114],"PFT":[115,124,140,181,189,199,213],"examinations:":[116],"103":[117],"normal":[118],"98":[120],"abnormal":[121],"system\u2019s":[127],"outcomes":[128],"compared":[130,207],"with":[131,208],"both":[132],"clinical":[134],"truth":[135],"(physician":[136],"decision)":[137],"built-in":[141],"diagnostic":[142],"software.":[143],"It":[144],"yielded":[145],"92\u201399%":[146],"87\u201392%":[148],"accuracies":[149],"training":[152],"test":[155,172],"sets,":[156],"respectively.":[157],"An":[158],"88\u201394%":[159],"area":[160],"under":[161],"receiver":[163],"operating":[164],"characteristic":[165],"curve":[166],"(ROC)":[167],"recorded":[169],"set.":[173],"exceeded":[176],"performance":[178,206],"machine":[182],"9%.":[184],"All":[185],"ATS\\ERS":[187],"standard":[188],"can":[191],"be":[192],"used":[193],"inputs":[195],"system,":[202],"yielding":[203],"favorable":[205],"literature":[210],"machine\u2019s":[214],"diagnosis":[215],"program.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2022-08-29T00:00:00"}
