{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221078856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11030034","title":"Multimodal Lip-Reading for Tracheostomy Patients in the Greek Language","display_name":"Multimodal Lip-Reading for Tracheostomy Patients in the Greek Language","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221078856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11030034"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers11030034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11030034","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/11/3/34/pdf?version=1646196271","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/11/3/34/pdf?version=1646196271","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073606692","display_name":"Yorghos Voutos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4039-7714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187792471","display_name":"Ionian University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xm4n520","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yorghos Voutos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Ionian University, 49100 Corfu, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Ionian University, 49100 Corfu, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044250636","display_name":"\u0393\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-1877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187792471","display_name":"Ionian University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xm4n520","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Drakopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Ionian University, 49100 Corfu, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Ionian University, 49100 Corfu, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032631448","display_name":"Georgios Chrysovitsiotis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6734-0542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Chrysovitsiotis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Voice Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Voice Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090533207","display_name":"Zoi Zachou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4887-3594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zoi Zachou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Voice Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Voice Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109596119","display_name":"Dimitris Kikidis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitris Kikidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Voice Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Voice Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059362430","display_name":"Efthymios Kyrodimos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-7961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Efthymios Kyrodimos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Voice Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Voice Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051663494","display_name":"Themis P. Exarchos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9420-9419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187792471","display_name":"Ionian University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xm4n520","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Themis Exarchos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Ionian University, 49100 Corfu, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Ionian University, 49100 Corfu, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051663494"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.8915,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7093376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"34","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10863","display_name":"Voice and Speech Disorders","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.826074481010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5615170001983643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-segmentation","display_name":"Text segmentation","score":0.5424033999443054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.5311884880065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.5234857797622681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.5174858570098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5168483853340149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5118443369865417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4789983928203583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.457931786775589}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.826074481010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5615170001983643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98501671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1948408","display_name":"Text segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5424033999443054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5311884880065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.5234857797622681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5174858570098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5168483853340149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5118443369865417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4789983928203583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.457931786775589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers11030034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11030034","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/11/3/34/pdf?version=1646196271","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2b94c4093b8147d3a2bf65606d0b16d7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2b94c4093b8147d3a2bf65606d0b16d7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 34 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers11030034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11030034","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/11/3/34/pdf?version=1646196271","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221078856.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221078856.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142803501","https://openalex.org/W1980096899","https://openalex.org/W2092005674","https://openalex.org/W2116777898","https://openalex.org/W2148538296","https://openalex.org/W2284800790","https://openalex.org/W2293856338","https://openalex.org/W2695316092","https://openalex.org/W2750725664","https://openalex.org/W2763858995","https://openalex.org/W2810311710","https://openalex.org/W2885195348","https://openalex.org/W2887437849","https://openalex.org/W2964352155","https://openalex.org/W2970413753","https://openalex.org/W3007227084","https://openalex.org/W3101481642","https://openalex.org/W3102881361","https://openalex.org/W4250413588","https://openalex.org/W6603350892","https://openalex.org/W6605737493","https://openalex.org/W6725534959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944691285","https://openalex.org/W2172629291","https://openalex.org/W2380773642","https://openalex.org/W2384559435","https://openalex.org/W2337707338","https://openalex.org/W2393940967","https://openalex.org/W2159591557","https://openalex.org/W2785359773","https://openalex.org/W2058548953","https://openalex.org/W2385598138"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Voice":[0],"loss":[1],"constitutes":[2],"a":[3,50,63,119],"crucial":[4,24],"disorder":[5],"which":[6,38],"is":[7,23,144,151],"highly":[8],"associated":[9],"with":[10,137],"social":[11],"isolation.":[12],"The":[13,124],"use":[14],"of":[15,32,88,103],"multimodal":[16,51],"information":[17,56,93],"sources,":[18],"such":[19,75],"as,":[20,76],"audiovisual":[21,55],"information,":[22],"since":[25],"it":[26],"can":[27,39],"lead":[28],"to":[29,61,84,99,117,128,153],"the":[30,41,69,86,89,97,145,160],"development":[31],"straightforward":[33],"personalized":[34],"word":[35,121,147],"prediction":[36,122,148],"models":[37],"reproduce":[40],"patient\u2019s":[42],"original":[43],"voice.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46,143],"work":[47],"we":[48],"designed":[49],"approach":[52],"based":[53],"on":[54,112],"from":[57,156],"patients":[58],"before":[59],"loss-of-voice":[60],"develop":[62,118],"system":[64],"for":[65],"automated":[66],"lip-reading":[67],"in":[68,96,133,159],"Greek":[70,161],"language.":[71,162],"Data":[72],"pre-processing":[73],"methods,":[74],"lip-segmentation":[77],"and":[78],"frame-level":[79],"sampling":[80],"techniques":[81],"were":[82,110],"used":[83],"enhance":[85],"quality":[87],"imaging":[90],"data.":[91],"Audio":[92],"was":[94,126],"incorporated":[95],"model":[98,125,149],"automatically":[100],"annotate":[101],"sets":[102],"frames":[104,136],"as":[105],"words.":[106],"Recurrent":[107],"neural":[108],"networks":[109],"trained":[111,152],"four":[113],"different":[114,134],"video":[115,157],"recordings":[116,158],"robust":[120],"model.":[123],"able":[127],"correctly":[129],"identify":[130],"test":[131],"words":[132,155],"time":[135],"95%":[138],"accuracy.":[139],"To":[140],"our":[141],"knowledge,":[142],"first":[146],"that":[150],"recognize":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-04-03T00:00:00"}
