{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4256182362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers10030032","title":"A Unifying Framework and Comparative Evaluation of Statistical and Machine Learning Approaches to Non-Specific Syndromic Surveillance","display_name":"A Unifying Framework and Comparative Evaluation of Statistical and Machine Learning Approaches to Non-Specific Syndromic Surveillance","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4256182362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers10030032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers10030032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers10030032","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/10/3/32/pdf?version=1616036201","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/10/3/32/pdf?version=1616036201","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015141758","display_name":"Moritz Kulessa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-4485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Moritz Kulessa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge Engineering Group, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Engineering Group, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061958492","display_name":"Eneldo Loza Menc\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2735-9326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eneldo Loza Menc\u00eda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge Engineering Group, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Engineering Group, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020009031","display_name":"Johannes F\u00fcrnkranz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1207-0159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes F\u00fcrnkranz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Analytics Group, Johannes Kepler Universit\u00e4t, 4040 Linz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Analytics Group, Johannes Kepler Universit\u00e4t, 4040 Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015141758"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1146,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1235},"fwci":0.4524,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66509123,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"32","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7521467804908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5446781516075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5369576811790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-surveillance","display_name":"Disease surveillance","score":0.5230727791786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.49967432022094727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.48895299434661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4648747742176056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4259708523750305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3389710783958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.255559504032135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.14516741037368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11352881789207458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7521467804908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5446781516075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5369576811790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776480101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3555250","display_name":"Disease surveillance","level":3,"score":0.5230727791786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.49967432022094727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.48895299434661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4648747742176056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4259708523750305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3389710783958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.255559504032135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14516741037368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11352881789207458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers10030032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers10030032","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/10/3/32/pdf?version=1616036201","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2b9f653bc3d04fe29bf33d4ef73b7495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2b9f653bc3d04fe29bf33d4ef73b7495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Vol 10, Iss 3, p 32 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:147159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/147159/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196390","display_name":"TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"NonPeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computers10030032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computers10030032","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/10/3/32/pdf?version=1616036201","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228075","display_name":"Computers","issn_l":"2073-431X","issn":["2073-431X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328691","display_name":"Gemeinsame Bundesausschuss","ror":"https://ror.org/008c2qm47"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332132","display_name":"Robert Koch Institut","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4256182362.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4256182362.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W276700018","https://openalex.org/W1484732323","https://openalex.org/W1496744709","https://openalex.org/W1521430624","https://openalex.org/W1536244615","https://openalex.org/W1536950352","https://openalex.org/W1549565124","https://openalex.org/W1822090013","https://openalex.org/W1949173822","https://openalex.org/W1973800296","https://openalex.org/W1974534365","https://openalex.org/W1986096036","https://openalex.org/W1988370432","https://openalex.org/W1993194662","https://openalex.org/W1996289698","https://openalex.org/W2000832852","https://openalex.org/W2006065622","https://openalex.org/W2024103316","https://openalex.org/W2026626867","https://openalex.org/W2038812321","https://openalex.org/W2040370888","https://openalex.org/W2048014929","https://openalex.org/W2059359375","https://openalex.org/W2072082505","https://openalex.org/W2077199707","https://openalex.org/W2081469005","https://openalex.org/W2093577417","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2110435679","https://openalex.org/W2116092553","https://openalex.org/W2122646361","https://openalex.org/W2123227388","https://openalex.org/W2126939074","https://openalex.org/W2133913211","https://openalex.org/W2138199368","https://openalex.org/W2149474501","https://openalex.org/W2150398577","https://openalex.org/W2154531209","https://openalex.org/W2156821882","https://openalex.org/W2161521785","https://openalex.org/W2166358397","https://openalex.org/W2234312460","https://openalex.org/W2244109919","https://openalex.org/W2280465923","https://openalex.org/W2314346086","https://openalex.org/W2562295090","https://openalex.org/W2581773831","https://openalex.org/W2734635933","https://openalex.org/W2737838117","https://openalex.org/W2782704695","https://openalex.org/W2793786228","https://openalex.org/W2799462250","https://openalex.org/W2924950986","https://openalex.org/W3102233315","https://openalex.org/W3158952119","https://openalex.org/W3161030139","https://openalex.org/W4210975536","https://openalex.org/W4255069753","https://openalex.org/W6603989649","https://openalex.org/W6632071418","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6679824581","https://openalex.org/W6682811919","https://openalex.org/W6684724844","https://openalex.org/W7019859633","https://openalex.org/W7034150109"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2631908557","https://openalex.org/W4250544673","https://openalex.org/W2248394722","https://openalex.org/W1510855320","https://openalex.org/W4298085844","https://openalex.org/W2121027067","https://openalex.org/W2354600455","https://openalex.org/W2096325745","https://openalex.org/W2246095251","https://openalex.org/W103808636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Monitoring":[0],"the":[1,11,38,49,56,59,62,83,109,152],"development":[2],"of":[3,7,13,40,51,61,85,93,104,111,131,162],"infectious":[4,94],"diseases":[5],"is":[6],"great":[8],"importance":[9],"for":[10,89,151],"prevention":[12],"major":[14],"outbreaks.":[15,96],"Syndromic":[16],"surveillance":[17,50,107,168,192],"aims":[18],"at":[19],"developing":[20],"algorithms":[21],"which":[22,34,135],"can":[23,147],"detect":[24],"outbreaks":[25],"as":[26,28,149],"early":[27],"possible":[29],"by":[30],"monitoring":[31],"data":[32,88],"sources":[33],"allow":[35],"to":[36,75,165,199],"capture":[37],"occurrences":[39],"a":[41,116,129,141,195],"certain":[42],"disease.":[43],"Recent":[44],"research":[45],"mainly":[46],"concentrates":[47],"on":[48,58,120],"specific,":[52],"known":[53],"diseases,":[54],"putting":[55],"focus":[57],"definition":[60],"disease":[63,95],"pattern":[64],"under":[65],"surveillance.":[66],"Until":[67],"now,":[68],"only":[69],"little":[70],"effort":[71],"has":[72],"been":[73,138],"devoted":[74],"what":[76],"we":[77,100,169],"call":[78],"non-specific":[79,105,166,196],"syndromic":[80,106,167,191],"surveillance,":[81],"i.e.,":[82],"use":[84],"all":[86],"available":[87],"detecting":[90],"any":[91],"kind":[92],"In":[97,158,187],"this":[98],"work,":[99],"give":[101],"an":[102,159],"overview":[103],"from":[108],"perspective":[110],"machine":[112,155],"learning":[113,156],"and":[114,122,146,180],"propose":[115],"unified":[117],"framework":[118],"based":[119],"global":[121],"local":[123,142],"modeling":[124,133,143],"techniques.":[125],"We":[126],"also":[127],"present":[128],"set":[130],"statistical":[132,174],"techniques":[134,175],"have":[136],"not":[137],"used":[139],"in":[140,194],"context":[144],"before":[145],"serve":[148],"benchmarks":[150],"more":[153,184],"elaborate":[154,185],"approaches.":[157,186],"experimental":[160],"comparison":[161],"different":[163],"approaches":[164],"found":[170],"that":[171],"these":[172],"simple":[173],"already":[176],"achieve":[177],"competitive":[178],"results":[179],"sometimes":[181],"even":[182],"outperform":[183],"particular,":[188],"applying":[189],"common":[190],"methods":[193],"setting":[197],"seems":[198],"be":[200],"promising.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
