{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2953490228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation7030033","title":"Transdermal Optical Wireless Links with Multiple Receivers in the Presence of Skin-Induced Attenuation and Pointing Errors","display_name":"Transdermal Optical Wireless Links with Multiple Receivers in the Presence of Skin-Induced Attenuation and Pointing Errors","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2953490228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation7030033","mag":"2953490228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computation7030033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation7030033","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/7/3/33/pdf?version=1562219524","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738402919","display_name":"Computation","issn_l":"2079-3197","issn":["2079-3197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/7/3/33/pdf?version=1562219524","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037213957","display_name":"George K. Varotsos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-388X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George K. Varotsos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Computers, Telecommunications and Control, Faculty of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-388X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Computers, Telecommunications and Control, Faculty of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035617385","display_name":"Hector E. Nistazakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9301-0691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hector E. Nistazakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Computers, Telecommunications and Control, Faculty of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Computers, Telecommunications and Control, Faculty of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079609193","display_name":"Konstantinos Aidinis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3431-1742"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182000528","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Aidinis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067814459","display_name":"Fadi Jaber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0280-0488"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182000528","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Jaber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, UAE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0280-0488","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050938049","display_name":"K. K. Mujeeb Rahman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182000528","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.K. Mujeeb Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, UAE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4335-256X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035617385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.2107,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79698351,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"33","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7728114128112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.7381836771965027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6342135071754456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transdermal","display_name":"Transdermal","score":0.6285535097122192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.599833607673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.554321825504303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-power","display_name":"Optical power","score":0.5274398922920227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.47386789321899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.43292897939682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.343718945980072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28996118903160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13234230875968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.10114273428916931}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7728114128112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.7381836771965027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6342135071754456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205679159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3375179","display_name":"Transdermal","level":2,"score":0.6285535097122192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.599833607673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.554321825504303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191161701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559265","display_name":"Optical power","level":3,"score":0.5274398922920227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.47386789321899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.43292897939682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.343718945980072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28996118903160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13234230875968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10114273428916931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computation7030033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation7030033","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/7/3/33/pdf?version=1562219524","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738402919","display_name":"Computation","issn_l":"2079-3197","issn":["2079-3197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2035a41c2dca4bc9bdd59717eca98e42","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2035a41c2dca4bc9bdd59717eca98e42","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computation, Vol 7, Iss 3, p 33 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2079-3197/7/3/33/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation7030033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computation7030033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation7030033","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/7/3/33/pdf?version=1562219524","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738402919","display_name":"Computation","issn_l":"2079-3197","issn":["2079-3197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6750018021","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"777596","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953490228.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483156930","https://openalex.org/W1860498259","https://openalex.org/W1961845250","https://openalex.org/W1969802656","https://openalex.org/W1973323421","https://openalex.org/W1977520723","https://openalex.org/W1982892759","https://openalex.org/W1991296651","https://openalex.org/W1993518435","https://openalex.org/W2007111370","https://openalex.org/W2011260667","https://openalex.org/W2014358292","https://openalex.org/W2023295798","https://openalex.org/W2034460552","https://openalex.org/W2039183034","https://openalex.org/W2043160158","https://openalex.org/W2045079758","https://openalex.org/W2048798535","https://openalex.org/W2075624679","https://openalex.org/W2076556335","https://openalex.org/W2078706565","https://openalex.org/W2097698664","https://openalex.org/W2099251382","https://openalex.org/W2106022791","https://openalex.org/W2109191808","https://openalex.org/W2110173952","https://openalex.org/W2110931999","https://openalex.org/W2114004602","https://openalex.org/W2120827491","https://openalex.org/W2122849319","https://openalex.org/W2123018191","https://openalex.org/W2127323211","https://openalex.org/W2130592741","https://openalex.org/W2132929775","https://openalex.org/W2136248087","https://openalex.org/W2144189213","https://openalex.org/W2148111833","https://openalex.org/W2148841250","https://openalex.org/W2158727943","https://openalex.org/W2159917432","https://openalex.org/W2164962185","https://openalex.org/W2165391786","https://openalex.org/W2166450683","https://openalex.org/W2207967440","https://openalex.org/W2327018591","https://openalex.org/W2329036389","https://openalex.org/W2468316146","https://openalex.org/W2523196012","https://openalex.org/W2545917881","https://openalex.org/W2745066252","https://openalex.org/W2782023834","https://openalex.org/W2801121426","https://openalex.org/W2807759877","https://openalex.org/W2889467888","https://openalex.org/W2901787738","https://openalex.org/W2903676574","https://openalex.org/W2906653366","https://openalex.org/W2951074263","https://openalex.org/W4249475338","https://openalex.org/W4302398214","https://openalex.org/W6683455875","https://openalex.org/W6729061906"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319082625","https://openalex.org/W2394197811","https://openalex.org/W2030644540","https://openalex.org/W4384565354","https://openalex.org/W4391217393","https://openalex.org/W2030697371","https://openalex.org/W4384435900","https://openalex.org/W2029884227","https://openalex.org/W2125299588","https://openalex.org/W4300954526"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"last":[1],"few":[2],"years,":[3],"the":[4,19,43,83,95,100,106,151,164,173,177,184,188,198,205,212],"scientific":[5],"field":[6],"of":[7,22,36,45,73,86,154,176,186],"optical":[8,52,103],"wireless":[9,53],"communications":[10],"(OWC)":[11],"has":[12],"witnessed":[13],"tremendous":[14],"progress,":[15],"as":[16,119],"reflected":[17],"in":[18,128],"continuous":[20],"emergence":[21],"new":[23,213],"successful":[24],"high":[25,46],"data":[26],"rate":[27],"services":[28],"and":[29,40,49,80,114,157],"variable":[30],"sophisticated":[31],"applications.":[32],"One":[33],"such":[34,87],"development":[35],"vital":[37],"research":[38],"importance":[39],"interest":[41],"is":[42,90,202],"employment":[44],"speed,":[47],"robust,":[48],"energy-effective":[50],"transdermal":[51],"(TOW)":[54],"links":[55,89],"for":[56,70,172],"telemetry":[57],"with":[58,109,197],"implantable":[59],"medical":[60,74],"devices":[61],"(IMDs)":[62],"that":[63,98,139],"also":[64],"have":[65],"made":[66],"considerable":[67],"progress":[68],"lately":[69],"a":[71,133],"variety":[72],"applications,":[75],"mainly":[76],"including":[77],"neural":[78],"recording":[79],"prostheses.":[81],"However,":[82],"outage":[84],"performance":[85],"TOW":[88,135,179,189],"significantly":[91],"degraded":[92],"due":[93],"to":[94,125],"strong":[96],"attenuation":[97,156],"affects":[99],"propagating":[101],"information-bearing":[102],"signal":[104],"through":[105,163],"skin,":[107],"along":[108,196],"random":[110],"misalignments":[111],"between":[112],"transmitter":[113],"receiver":[115],"terminals,":[116],"commonly":[117],"known":[118],"pointing":[120,160],"error":[121],"effect.":[122],"In":[123],"order":[124],"anticipate":[126],"this,":[127],"this":[129],"work":[130],"we":[131],"introduce":[132],"SIMO":[134],"reception":[136,193],"diversity":[137,194],"system":[138,180],"employs":[140],"either":[141],"OOK":[142],"or":[143],"more":[144],"power-effective":[145],"L-PPM":[146],"schemes.":[147],"Taking":[148],"into":[149],"account":[150],"joint":[152],"impact":[153],"skin-induced":[155],"non-zero":[158],"boresight":[159],"errors,":[161],"modeled":[162],"suitable":[165],"Beckmann":[166],"distribution,":[167],"novel":[168],"closed-form":[169],"mathematical":[170],"expressions":[171],"average":[174],"BER":[175],"total":[178],"are":[181,209],"derived.":[182],"Thus,":[183],"possibility":[185],"enhancing":[187],"availability":[190],"by":[191],"using":[192,211],"configurations":[195],"appropriate":[199],"modulation":[200],"format":[201],"investigated.":[203],"Finally,":[204],"corresponding":[206],"numerical":[207],"results":[208],"presented":[210],"derived":[214],"theoretical":[215],"outcomes.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2019-07-12T00:00:00"}