{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2951846567","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation7020031","title":"Binary Competitive Swarm Optimizer Approaches for Feature Selection","display_name":"Binary Competitive Swarm Optimizer Approaches for Feature Selection","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2951846567","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation7020031","mag":"2951846567"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computation7020031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation7020031","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/7/2/31/pdf?version=1560492557","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738402919","display_name":"Computation","issn_l":"2079-3197","issn":["2079-3197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/7/2/31/pdf?version=1560492557","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007160230","display_name":"Jingwei Too","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-1038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32589535","display_name":"Technical University of Malaysia Malacca","ror":"https://ror.org/01xb6rs26","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jingwei Too","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-1038","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085552100","display_name":"Abdul Rahim Abdullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8381-8662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32589535","display_name":"Technical University of Malaysia Malacca","ror":"https://ror.org/01xb6rs26","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Rahim Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027114476","display_name":"Norhashimah Mohd Saad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5529-6281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32589535","display_name":"Technical University of Malaysia Malacca","ror":"https://ror.org/01xb6rs26","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norhashimah Mohd Saad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007160230","https://openalex.org/A5085552100"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":2.259,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90799263,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"31","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.7843784093856812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7707704305648804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.719733476638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.6133517026901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.6020652651786804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.591638445854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5341905951499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4954928159713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47287696599960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-search-algorithm","display_name":"Binary search algorithm","score":0.42949527502059937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4285475015640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.4153193235397339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4085959196090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3705941438674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2600272595882416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-algorithm","display_name":"Search algorithm","score":0.2523336410522461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2354384958744049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.7843784093856812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7707704305648804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.719733476638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.6133517026901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.6020652651786804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.591638445854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5341905951499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4954928159713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47287696599960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121610932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243754","display_name":"Binary search algorithm","level":3,"score":0.42949527502059937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4285475015640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.4153193235397339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4085959196090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3705941438674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2600272595882416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2523336410522461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2354384958744049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computation7020031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation7020031","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/7/2/31/pdf?version=1560492557","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738402919","display_name":"Computation","issn_l":"2079-3197","issn":["2079-3197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d0c99cce8fc740a09196db3928f88efb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d0c99cce8fc740a09196db3928f88efb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computation, Vol 7, Iss 2, p 31 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2079-3197/7/2/31/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation7020031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computation7020031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation7020031","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/7/2/31/pdf?version=1560492557","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738402919","display_name":"Computation","issn_l":"2079-3197","issn":["2079-3197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2951846567.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2951846567.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1444952417","https://openalex.org/W1995972800","https://openalex.org/W2000621750","https://openalex.org/W2013885787","https://openalex.org/W2020355555","https://openalex.org/W2030363461","https://openalex.org/W2046357518","https://openalex.org/W2055631528","https://openalex.org/W2060070251","https://openalex.org/W2132795055","https://openalex.org/W2210472625","https://openalex.org/W2296662953","https://openalex.org/W2310257988","https://openalex.org/W2411885377","https://openalex.org/W2461302873","https://openalex.org/W2604226975","https://openalex.org/W2610903531","https://openalex.org/W2763523016","https://openalex.org/W2770884289","https://openalex.org/W2776226778","https://openalex.org/W2789583979","https://openalex.org/W2793851108","https://openalex.org/W2801536506","https://openalex.org/W2808761706","https://openalex.org/W2889083964","https://openalex.org/W2892079407","https://openalex.org/W2900868701","https://openalex.org/W2915745584","https://openalex.org/W2944479754","https://openalex.org/W6750206635"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382626982","https://openalex.org/W2376716665","https://openalex.org/W1495725930","https://openalex.org/W1525838894","https://openalex.org/W2110562615","https://openalex.org/W4295363057","https://openalex.org/W1988575180","https://openalex.org/W2352621013","https://openalex.org/W1522863580","https://openalex.org/W2141208293"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Feature":[0],"selection":[1,133],"is":[2,85],"known":[3],"as":[4],"an":[5],"NP-hard":[6],"combinatorial":[7],"problem":[8],"in":[9,49,152],"which":[10,95],"the":[11,18,24,27,30,89,97,103,119,125,138,141,146],"possible":[12],"feature":[13,28,39,63,132],"subsets":[14],"increase":[15],"exponentially":[16],"with":[17,129],"number":[19],"of":[20,26,54,74,140,145,154],"features.":[21],"Due":[22],"to":[23,70,100],"increment":[25],"size,":[29],"exhaustive":[31],"search":[32,98,105],"has":[33],"become":[34],"impractical.":[35],"In":[36],"addition,":[37],"a":[38,55,72],"set":[40],"normally":[41],"includes":[42],"irrelevant,":[43],"redundant,":[44],"and":[45,91,124],"relevant":[46],"information.":[47],"Therefore,":[48],"this":[50],"paper,":[51],"binary":[52,81,104,143],"variants":[53],"competitive":[56,147],"swarm":[57,148],"optimizer":[58,149],"are":[59,68,110,127],"proposed":[60,66,108,142],"for":[61,77],"wrapper":[62],"selection.":[64],"The":[65,80,107],"approaches":[67,109],"used":[69],"select":[71],"subset":[73],"significant":[75],"features":[76],"classification":[78,156],"purposes.":[79],"version":[82,144],"introduced":[83],"here":[84],"performed":[86],"by":[87,112],"employing":[88],"S-shaped":[90],"V-shaped":[92],"transfer":[93],"functions,":[94],"allows":[96],"agents":[99],"move":[101],"on":[102],"space.":[106],"tested":[111],"using":[113],"15":[114],"benchmark":[115],"datasets":[116],"collected":[117],"from":[118],"UCI":[120],"machine":[121],"learning":[122],"repository,":[123],"results":[126,136],"compared":[128],"other":[130],"conventional":[131],"methods.":[134],"Our":[135],"prove":[137],"capability":[139],"not":[150],"only":[151],"terms":[153],"high":[155],"performance,":[157],"but":[158],"also":[159],"low":[160],"computational":[161],"cost.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}