{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391754083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12020033","title":"A 16 \u00d7 16 Patch-Based Deep Learning Model for the Early Prognosis of Monkeypox from Skin Color Images","display_name":"A 16 \u00d7 16 Patch-Based Deep Learning Model for the Early Prognosis of Monkeypox from Skin Color Images","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391754083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12020033"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computation12020033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12020033","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/12/2/33/pdf?version=1707558631","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738402919","display_name":"Computation","issn_l":"2079-3197","issn":["2079-3197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/12/2/33/pdf?version=1707558631","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064926342","display_name":"Muhammad Asad Arshed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-1253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Asad Arshed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-1253","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002088307","display_name":"Hafiz Abdul Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2625-9294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hafiz Abdul Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022191753","display_name":"Saeed Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6910-7613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeed Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Experimental Medical Science, Biomedical Center (BMC), Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden","School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6910-7613","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Experimental Medical Science, Biomedical Center (BMC), Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078312887","display_name":"Christine Dewi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1284-234X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157219812","display_name":"Satya Wacana Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/009nnre75","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157219812"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christine Dewi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga 50711, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1284-234X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga 50711, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157219812"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029879747","display_name":"Henoch Juli Christanto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-295X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161010349","display_name":"Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/02hd2zk59","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161010349"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Henoch Juli Christanto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information System, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-295X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information System, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161010349"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029879747","https://openalex.org/A5078312887"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157219812","https://openalex.org/I161010349"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":3.3968,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92256321,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"2","first_page":"33","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11767","display_name":"Poxvirus research and outbreaks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11767","display_name":"Poxvirus research and outbreaks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10625","display_name":"Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monkeypox","display_name":"Monkeypox","score":0.9263108968734741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5528843998908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.42452311515808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dermatology","display_name":"Dermatology","score":0.3629266619682312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3586702346801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.14592719078063965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778011067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382370","display_name":"Monkeypox","level":5,"score":0.9263108968734741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5528843998908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.42452311515808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.3629266619682312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3586702346801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14592719078063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40767141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697","display_name":"Recombinant DNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781356689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1986297","display_name":"Vaccinia","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/computation12020033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12020033","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/12/2/33/pdf?version=1707558631","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738402919","display_name":"Computation","issn_l":"2079-3197","issn":["2079-3197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7bb4ed0f7f1041e0a56a50fa878ccf86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7bb4ed0f7f1041e0a56a50fa878ccf86","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computation, Vol 12, Iss 2, p 33 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:05e40b8a-9729-4e45-be8b-a09870f1137b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/05e40b8a-9729-4e45-be8b-a09870f1137b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 2079-3197","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/computation12020033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12020033","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3197/12/2/33/pdf?version=1707558631","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738402919","display_name":"Computation","issn_l":"2079-3197","issn":["2079-3197"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391754083.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160406000","https://openalex.org/W2770587522","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2906311950","https://openalex.org/W2955071890","https://openalex.org/W2989226908","https://openalex.org/W4234185093","https://openalex.org/W4281855592","https://openalex.org/W4281951819","https://openalex.org/W4282555424","https://openalex.org/W4283643760","https://openalex.org/W4285404817","https://openalex.org/W4290830194","https://openalex.org/W4292290937","https://openalex.org/W4295532925","https://openalex.org/W4302286670","https://openalex.org/W4303856989","https://openalex.org/W4303953748","https://openalex.org/W4304585358","https://openalex.org/W4307093223","https://openalex.org/W4321495983","https://openalex.org/W4377104295","https://openalex.org/W4379230545","https://openalex.org/W4391110866"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2031710541","https://openalex.org/W4312205156","https://openalex.org/W4378651324","https://openalex.org/W4311511477","https://openalex.org/W4389060959","https://openalex.org/W2943342539","https://openalex.org/W4378807269","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4390350962"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,73,147,239],"DNA":[1],"virus":[2],"responsible":[3],"for":[4,104],"monkeypox,":[5],"transmitted":[6,62],"from":[7,112],"animals":[8],"to":[9,136,161,224],"humans,":[10],"exhibits":[11],"two":[12],"distinct":[13],"genetic":[14],"lineages":[15],"in":[16,121,202,250],"central":[17],"and":[18,34,46,53,58,109,145,182,215,226,245],"eastern":[19],"Africa.":[20],"Beyond":[21],"the":[22,29,36,89,95,105,129,132,158,167,170,191,203,210,221,242,246],"zoonotic":[23],"transmission":[24],"involving":[25],"direct":[26],"contact":[27],"with":[28],"infected":[30],"animals\u2019":[31],"bodily":[32],"fluids":[33],"blood,":[35],"spread":[37],"of":[38,97,107,143,185,193,205,212,252],"monkeypox":[39,52,78,108,144],"can":[40,59],"also":[41,60,236],"occur":[42],"through":[43,63,151],"skin":[44,56,114],"lesions":[45,57],"respiratory":[47,64],"secretions":[48],"among":[49],"humans.":[50],"Both":[51],"chickenpox":[54,85,110],"involve":[55],"be":[61],"secretions,":[65],"but":[66,230],"they":[67],"are":[68,141,235],"caused":[69,80,87],"by":[70,81,88],"different":[71],"viruses.":[72],"key":[74],"difference":[75],"is":[76,79,86,220],"that":[77],"an":[82,178],"orthopox-virus,":[83],"while":[84],"varicella-zoster":[90],"virus.":[91],"In":[92],"this":[93],"study,":[94],"utilization":[96],"a":[98,118,125],"patch-based":[99,171],"vision":[100,200],"transformer":[101],"(ViT)":[102],"model":[103,173,240],"identification":[106],"disease":[111],"human":[113],"color":[115],"images":[116],"marks":[117],"significant":[119],"advancement":[120],"medical":[122,206],"diagnostics.":[123],"Employing":[124],"transfer":[126,213],"learning":[127,197,214],"approach,":[128],"research":[130],"investigates":[131],"ViT":[133,172],"model\u2019s":[134,159,222],"capability":[135],"discern":[137],"subtle":[138],"patterns":[139],"which":[140],"indicative":[142],"chickenpox.":[146],"dataset":[148],"was":[149],"enriched":[150],"carefully":[152],"selected":[153],"image":[154,207,216],"augmentation":[155],"techniques,":[156],"enhancing":[157],"ability":[160],"generalize":[162],"across":[163],"diverse":[164],"scenarios.":[165],"During":[166],"evaluation":[168],"phase,":[169],"demonstrated":[174],"substantial":[175],"proficiency,":[176],"achieving":[177],"accuracy,":[179],"precision,":[180],"recall,":[181],"F1":[183],"rating":[184],"93%.":[186],"This":[187],"positive":[188],"outcome":[189],"underscores":[190],"practicality":[192],"employing":[194],"sophisticated":[195],"deep":[196],"architectures,":[198],"specifically":[199],"transformers,":[201],"realm":[204],"analysis.":[208],"Through":[209],"integration":[211],"augmentation,":[217],"not":[218],"only":[219],"responsiveness":[223],"monkeypox-":[225],"chickenpox-related":[227],"features":[228],"enhanced,":[229],"concerns":[231],"regarding":[232],"data":[233],"scarcity":[234],"effectively":[237],"addressed.":[238],"outperformed":[241],"state-of-the-art":[243],"studies":[244],"CNN-based":[247],"pre-trained":[248],"models":[249],"terms":[251],"accuracy.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
