{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408281679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc9030064","title":"An Expected Goals On Target (xGOT) Model: Accounting for Goalkeeper Performance in Football","display_name":"An Expected Goals On Target (xGOT) Model: Accounting for Goalkeeper Performance in Football","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408281679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc9030064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc9030064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc9030064","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/9/3/64/pdf?version=1741615656","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/9/3/64/pdf?version=1741615656","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011792055","display_name":"Blanca De-la-Cruz-Torres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-9760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Blanca De-la-Cruz-Torres","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiotherapy, University of Seville, c/Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiotherapy, University of Seville, c/Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115980511","display_name":"Miguel Navarro-Castro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5452-8716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Navarro-Castro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics I, Higher Technical School of Architecture, University of Seville, Avd. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Seville, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics I, Higher Technical School of Architecture, University of Seville, Avd. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Seville, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106830933","display_name":"Anselmo Ruiz-de-Alarc\u00f3n-Quintero","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anselmo Ruiz-de-Alarc\u00f3n-Quintero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Football and Handball Academy, Street n\u00ba 12B, Office 6, 41960 Seville, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Football and Handball Academy, Street n\u00ba 12B, Office 6, 41960 Seville, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011792055","https://openalex.org/A5115980511"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":7.2538,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96818881,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"64","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12677","display_name":"Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/football","display_name":"Football","score":0.8068084716796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accounting","display_name":"Accounting","score":0.47358423471450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.33782002329826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.28871363401412964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.2126275897026062}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778444522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1081491","display_name":"Football","level":2,"score":0.8068084716796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.47358423471450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.33782002329826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.28871363401412964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2126275897026062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc9030064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc9030064","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/9/3/64/pdf?version=1741615656","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ee5614f2d15440179bb091cfe1fac764","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ee5614f2d15440179bb091cfe1fac764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing, Vol 9, Iss 3, p 64 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc9030064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc9030064","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/9/3/64/pdf?version=1741615656","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408281679.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157098953","https://openalex.org/W1496711271","https://openalex.org/W1985170878","https://openalex.org/W2034336009","https://openalex.org/W2072192287","https://openalex.org/W2174040729","https://openalex.org/W2784258528","https://openalex.org/W2792420533","https://openalex.org/W2961014489","https://openalex.org/W2981841290","https://openalex.org/W2998017183","https://openalex.org/W3016752259","https://openalex.org/W3093733949","https://openalex.org/W3147122783","https://openalex.org/W4205523633","https://openalex.org/W4207058051","https://openalex.org/W4240861955","https://openalex.org/W4362602314","https://openalex.org/W4401945311","https://openalex.org/W4404672034","https://openalex.org/W4406697842","https://openalex.org/W4406926018","https://openalex.org/W6646578388","https://openalex.org/W6891318901","https://openalex.org/W6898624289"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1971660097","https://openalex.org/W2365990048","https://openalex.org/W2015477300","https://openalex.org/W2237606652","https://openalex.org/W2370570388","https://openalex.org/W2353353369","https://openalex.org/W2372339450","https://openalex.org/W4296702788"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"key":[1],"challenge":[2],"in":[3],"utilizing":[4],"the":[5,13,43,51,59,70,73,77,80,83,86,89,92,95,102,105,110,115,130,146,167,194],"expected":[6],"goals":[7,55],"on":[8,42,129,143],"target":[9,144],"(xGOT)":[10],"metric":[11],"is":[12],"limited":[14],"public":[15],"access":[16],"to":[17,31,36,114,125,170,192],"detailed":[18],"football":[19],"event":[20],"and":[21,79,94,100,109,134,162],"positional":[22],"data,":[23],"alongside":[24],"other":[25],"advanced":[26],"metrics.":[27],"This":[28,175],"study":[29],"aims":[30],"develop":[32],"an":[33,157,163],"xGOT":[34,118],"model":[35,119,138],"evaluate":[37],"goalkeeper":[38],"(GK)":[39],"performance":[40,127],"based":[41,128],"probability":[44,195],"of":[45,61,85,160,182,190,196],"successful":[46,172],"actions,":[47],"considering":[48],"not":[49],"only":[50],"outcomes":[52],"(saves":[53],"or":[54],"conceded)":[56],"but":[57],"also":[58],"difficulty":[60],"each":[62],"shot":[63],"faced.":[64],"Formal":[65],"definitions":[66],"were":[67],"established":[68],"for":[69],"following:":[71],"(i)":[72],"initial":[74,107],"distance":[75,90,103],"between":[76,91,104],"ball":[78,93,131],"GK":[81,96,135,173,183],"at":[82],"moment":[84],"shot,":[87],"(ii)":[88],"over":[97],"time":[98],"post-shot,":[99],"(iii)":[101],"GK\u2019s":[106],"position":[108],"goal,":[111],"with":[112],"respect":[113],"y-coordinate.":[116],"An":[117],"incorporating":[120],"geometric":[121],"parameters":[122],"was":[123,139],"designed":[124],"optimize":[126],"position,":[132],"trajectory,":[133],"positioning.":[136],"The":[137],"tested":[140],"using":[141,153],"shots":[142,191],"from":[145],"2022":[147],"FIFA":[148],"World":[149],"Cup.":[150],"Statistical":[151],"evaluation":[152,181],"k-fold":[154],"cross-validation":[155],"yielded":[156],"AUC-ROC":[158],"score":[159],"0.67":[161],"85%":[164],"accuracy,":[165],"confirming":[166],"model\u2019s":[168],"ability":[169],"differentiate":[171],"performances.":[174],"approach":[176],"enables":[177],"a":[178,187],"more":[179],"precise":[180],"decision-making":[184],"by":[185],"analyzing":[186],"representative":[188],"dataset":[189],"estimate":[193],"success.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-02-27T16:54:17.756197","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}