{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401386145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc8080089","title":"Deep-Learning-Driven Turbidity Level Classification","display_name":"Deep-Learning-Driven Turbidity Level Classification","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401386145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc8080089"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc8080089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc8080089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc8080089","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085252445","display_name":"Iv\u00e1n Trejo-Z\u00fa\u00f1iga","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4399657936","display_name":"Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de San Juan del R\u00edo","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkjk636","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4399657936"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Iv\u00e1n Trejo-Z\u00fa\u00f1iga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Energy Innovation and Intelligent and Sustainable Agriculture (LEIISA), Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de San Juan del R\u00edo, San Juan del R\u00edo 76800, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Energy Innovation and Intelligent and Sustainable Agriculture (LEIISA), Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de San Juan del R\u00edo, San Juan del R\u00edo 76800, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4399657936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093815255","display_name":"Martin Moreno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6590-441X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4399657936","display_name":"Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de San Juan del R\u00edo","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkjk636","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4399657936"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martin Moreno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Energy Innovation and Intelligent and Sustainable Agriculture (LEIISA), Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de San Juan del R\u00edo, San Juan del R\u00edo 76800, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Energy Innovation and Intelligent and Sustainable Agriculture (LEIISA), Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de San Juan del R\u00edo, San Juan del R\u00edo 76800, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4399657936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093815254","display_name":"Rene Francisco Santana-Cruz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-7100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59361560","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/059sp8j34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rene Francisco Santana-Cruz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnolog\u00eda Avanzada, Unidad Quer\u00e9taro, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Santiago de Quer\u00e9taro 76000, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnolog\u00eda Avanzada, Unidad Quer\u00e9taro, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Santiago de Quer\u00e9taro 76000, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010294234","display_name":"Fidel Mel\u00e9ndez\u2010V\u00e1zquez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-9314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104854061","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo","ror":"https://ror.org/031f8kt38","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104854061"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fidel Mel\u00e9ndez-V\u00e1zquez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Escuela Superior de Apan, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Apan 43920, Hidalgo, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Escuela Superior de Apan, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Apan 43920, Hidalgo, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104854061"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085252445","https://openalex.org/A5093815255"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4399657936"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.8069,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70592357,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"8","first_page":"89","last_page":"89"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9692999720573425,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11490","display_name":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbidity","display_name":"Turbidity","score":0.6438232660293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5138850212097168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.47305694222450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3787976801395416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.370835542678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.32365208864212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.15860533714294434}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64016661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898574","display_name":"Turbidity","level":2,"score":0.6438232660293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5138850212097168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.47305694222450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3787976801395416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.370835542678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.32365208864212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.15860533714294434}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc8080089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc8080089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e94539671e474e9eb7e2909b2ad31825","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e94539671e474e9eb7e2909b2ad31825","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing, Vol 8, Iss 8, p 89 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc8080089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc8080089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579951788","https://openalex.org/W1975047364","https://openalex.org/W1990673274","https://openalex.org/W1991363214","https://openalex.org/W2000776059","https://openalex.org/W2064059860","https://openalex.org/W2172028517","https://openalex.org/W2502291980","https://openalex.org/W2626850647","https://openalex.org/W2750411879","https://openalex.org/W2894946583","https://openalex.org/W2903314906","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2938326464","https://openalex.org/W2961126532","https://openalex.org/W3129082512","https://openalex.org/W3198588536","https://openalex.org/W4214621800","https://openalex.org/W4236445082","https://openalex.org/W4282966127","https://openalex.org/W4295308282","https://openalex.org/W4296445921","https://openalex.org/W4387002794","https://openalex.org/W4392155433","https://openalex.org/W4393930613","https://openalex.org/W4401386145"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W3215138031","https://openalex.org/W3009238340","https://openalex.org/W4321369474","https://openalex.org/W4360585206","https://openalex.org/W4285208911","https://openalex.org/W3082895349","https://openalex.org/W4213079790","https://openalex.org/W2248239756","https://openalex.org/W4323565446"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"turbidity":[1,55,68,110,134],"classification":[2,80],"is":[3],"essential":[4],"for":[5,35,130],"maintaining":[6],"water":[7,14,50,91],"quality":[8],"in":[9,84,141],"various":[10],"contexts,":[11],"from":[12,24],"drinking":[13],"to":[15,48,116],"industrial":[16],"processes.":[17],"Traditional":[18],"turbidimeters":[19],"face":[20],"challenges,":[21],"including":[22],"interference":[23],"colored":[25],"substances,":[26],"particle":[27],"shape":[28],"and":[29,32,38,132],"size":[30],"variations,":[31],"the":[33,94,118,126],"need":[34],"regular":[36],"calibration":[37],"maintenance.":[39],"This":[40],"paper":[41],"implements":[42],"a":[43,72,79,113],"convolutional":[44],"neural":[45],"network":[46],"(CNN)":[47],"classify":[49,109],"samples":[51],"based":[52],"on":[53,89],"their":[54],"levels.":[56],"The":[57,76,101,123],"dataset":[58],"consisted":[59],"of":[60,82,99,120,128],"images":[61],"captured":[62],"under":[63],"controlled":[64],"laboratory":[65,85],"conditions,":[66],"with":[67,138],"levels":[69],"measured":[70],"using":[71],"2100P":[73],"Portable":[74],"Turbidimeter.":[75],"CNN":[77],"achieved":[78],"accuracy":[81,98,137],"97.00%":[83],"settings.":[86],"When":[87],"tested":[88],"real-world":[90],"body":[92],"samples,":[93],"model":[95],"maintained":[96],"an":[97],"85.00%.":[100],"results":[102],"demonstrate":[103],"that":[104],"deep":[105],"learning":[106],"can":[107],"effectively":[108],"levels,":[111],"offering":[112],"promising":[114],"solution":[115],"overcome":[117],"limitations":[119],"traditional":[121],"methods.":[122],"study":[124],"highlights":[125],"potential":[127],"CNNs":[129],"accurate":[131],"efficient":[133],"measurement,":[135],"balancing":[136],"practical":[139],"applicability":[140],"field":[142],"conditions.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
