{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386161213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc7030145","title":"Applied Digital Twin Concepts Contributing to Heat Transition in Building, Campus, Neighborhood, and Urban Scale","display_name":"Applied Digital Twin Concepts Contributing to Heat Transition in Building, Campus, Neighborhood, and Urban Scale","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386161213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc7030145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc7030145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc7030145","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/7/3/145/pdf?version=1692946537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/7/3/145/pdf?version=1692946537","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092693965","display_name":"Ekaterina Lesnyak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2492-5028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129877168","display_name":"Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/033n9gh91","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129877168"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202367325","display_name":"Oldenburger Institut f\u00fcr Informatik","ror":"https://ror.org/003sav189","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202367325"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ekaterina Lesnyak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty II\u2014School of Computing Science, Business Administration, Economics and Law, The Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerl\u00e4nder Heerstra\u00dfe 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany","OFFIS\u2014Institute for Information Technology, Escherweg 2, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2492-5028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty II\u2014School of Computing Science, Business Administration, Economics and Law, The Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerl\u00e4nder Heerstra\u00dfe 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129877168"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"OFFIS\u2014Institute for Information Technology, Escherweg 2, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202367325"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087080081","display_name":"Tabea Belkot","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202367325","display_name":"Oldenburger Institut f\u00fcr Informatik","ror":"https://ror.org/003sav189","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202367325"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tabea Belkot","raw_affiliation_strings":["OFFIS\u2014Institute for Information Technology, Escherweg 2, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OFFIS\u2014Institute for Information Technology, Escherweg 2, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202367325"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010855075","display_name":"Johannes Hurka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4944-7758"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10889393","display_name":"Jade University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02vvvm705","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10889393"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Hurka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering Geoinformation and Health Technology, Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4944-7758","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering Geoinformation and Health Technology, Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10889393"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092693966","display_name":"Jan Philipp H\u00f6rding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129877168","display_name":"Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/033n9gh91","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129877168"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202367325","display_name":"Oldenburger Institut f\u00fcr Informatik","ror":"https://ror.org/003sav189","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202367325"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Philipp H\u00f6rding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty II\u2014School of Computing Science, Business Administration, Economics and Law, The Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerl\u00e4nder Heerstra\u00dfe 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany","OFFIS\u2014Institute for Information Technology, Escherweg 2, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty II\u2014School of Computing Science, Business Administration, Economics and Law, The Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerl\u00e4nder Heerstra\u00dfe 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129877168"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"OFFIS\u2014Institute for Information Technology, Escherweg 2, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202367325"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092693967","display_name":"Lea Kuhlmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108766","display_name":"Klinikum Oldenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01t0n2c80","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108766"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lea Kuhlmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stadt Oldenburg (Oldb), Industriestra\u00dfe 1 a, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stadt Oldenburg (Oldb), Industriestra\u00dfe 1 a, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108766"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006979347","display_name":"P. V. Paulau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10889393","display_name":"Jade University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02vvvm705","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10889393"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavel Paulau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering Geoinformation and Health Technology, Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","Institute for Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics (IAPG), Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering Geoinformation and Health Technology, Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10889393"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics (IAPG), Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10889393"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053469219","display_name":"Marvin Schnabel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4236-7256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10889393","display_name":"Jade University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02vvvm705","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10889393"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marvin Schnabel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering Geoinformation and Health Technology, Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","Institute for Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics (IAPG), Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4236-7256","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering Geoinformation and Health Technology, Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10889393"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics (IAPG), Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10889393"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051808417","display_name":"Patrik Sch\u00f6nfeldt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4311-2753"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrik Sch\u00f6nfeldt","raw_affiliation_strings":["DLR Institute of Networked Energy Systems, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 15, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4311-2753","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DLR Institute of Networked Energy Systems, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 15, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092693968","display_name":"Jan Middelberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10889393","display_name":"Jade University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02vvvm705","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10889393"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Middelberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering Geoinformation and Health Technology, Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering Geoinformation and Health Technology, Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven/Oldenburg/Elsfleth, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10889393"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092693965"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129877168","https://openalex.org/I202367325"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1785,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1925},"fwci":1.1497,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81667729,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"145","last_page":"145"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11954","display_name":"Energy Efficiency and Management","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.9398999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-transition","display_name":"Energy transition","score":0.6450478434562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.60457444190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5572056174278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.5563353300094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4637954831123352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4519292712211609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3297156095504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architectural-engineering","display_name":"Architectural engineering","score":0.327297180891037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.1848297119140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18081116676330566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15032577514648438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.09789034724235535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777890234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q795757","display_name":"Energy transition","level":4,"score":0.6450478434562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.60457444190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5572056174278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.5563353300094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4637954831123352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4519292712211609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3297156095504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.327297180891037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1848297119140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18081116676330566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15032577514648438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.09789034724235535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26993612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910154","display_name":"Panacea (medicine)","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc7030145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc7030145","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/7/3/145/pdf?version=1692946537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:196765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc7030145>.","pdf_url":"https://elib.dlr.de/196765/1/BDCC-07-00145.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0dcfbf0dce90404c8f73aa81964c9b20","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0dcfbf0dce90404c8f73aa81964c9b20","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing, Vol 7, Iss 3, p 145 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2504-2289/7/3/145/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc7030145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing; Volume 7; Issue 3; Pages: 145","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc7030145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc7030145","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/7/3/145/pdf?version=1692946537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3236781110","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"03SF0624","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386161213.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532379550","https://openalex.org/W1926679225","https://openalex.org/W2080197935","https://openalex.org/W2464717066","https://openalex.org/W2498631000","https://openalex.org/W2559995853","https://openalex.org/W2744933685","https://openalex.org/W2890904471","https://openalex.org/W2943436312","https://openalex.org/W2944665834","https://openalex.org/W2966616068","https://openalex.org/W2994200381","https://openalex.org/W3004802603","https://openalex.org/W3006280437","https://openalex.org/W3014048166","https://openalex.org/W3023669592","https://openalex.org/W3033955638","https://openalex.org/W3081251234","https://openalex.org/W3092541038","https://openalex.org/W3096818947","https://openalex.org/W3106704432","https://openalex.org/W3106864127","https://openalex.org/W3118615302","https://openalex.org/W3129472311","https://openalex.org/W3164267812","https://openalex.org/W3195585048","https://openalex.org/W3199628113","https://openalex.org/W3205077726","https://openalex.org/W3207616843","https://openalex.org/W3209398723","https://openalex.org/W3215130116","https://openalex.org/W4226239950","https://openalex.org/W4229455727","https://openalex.org/W4231640375","https://openalex.org/W4234747341","https://openalex.org/W4236434218","https://openalex.org/W4247554425","https://openalex.org/W4292084222","https://openalex.org/W4294530357","https://openalex.org/W4306149894","https://openalex.org/W6747307790","https://openalex.org/W6773166115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4309855352","https://openalex.org/W4280519167","https://openalex.org/W3215944399","https://openalex.org/W1846434449","https://openalex.org/W3092320378","https://openalex.org/W4385525383","https://openalex.org/W2526876627","https://openalex.org/W3158141530","https://openalex.org/W2782610168","https://openalex.org/W4304892157"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,114,130],"heat":[1,21,52,75,84],"transition":[2,76],"is":[3,35,152],"a":[4,80],"central":[5],"pillar":[6],"of":[7,19,103],"the":[8,16,20,25,31,45,97,155,158,168,179],"energy":[9,17],"transition,":[10],"aiming":[11],"to":[12,62,88,93,166],"decarbonize":[13],"and":[14,27,54,57,112,119,127,147,162,174,184,189],"improve":[15],"efficiency":[18],"supply":[22],"in":[23,178],"both":[24],"private":[26],"industrial":[28],"sectors.":[29],"On":[30,44],"one":[32],"hand,":[33,47],"this":[34,94],"achieved":[36],"by":[37],"substituting":[38],"fossil":[39],"fuels":[40],"with":[41,187],"renewable":[42],"energy.":[43],"other":[46],"it":[48],"involves":[49],"reducing":[50],"overall":[51],"consumption":[53],"associated":[55],"transmission":[56],"ventilation":[58],"losses.":[59],"In":[60,91,164],"addition":[61],"refurbishment,":[63],"digitalization":[64],"contributes":[65],"significantly.":[66],"Despite":[67],"substantial":[68],"research":[69,95,182],"on":[70,83],"Digital":[71],"Twins":[72],"(DTs)":[73],"for":[74,160],"at":[77],"different":[78],"scales,":[79],"cross-scale":[81],"perspective":[82],"optimization":[85],"still":[86],"needs":[87],"be":[89],"developed.":[90],"response":[92,165],"gap,":[96],"present":[98],"study":[99,115],"examines":[100],"four":[101],"instances":[102],"applied":[104],"DTs":[105],"across":[106],"various":[107],"scales:":[108],"building,":[109],"campus,":[110],"neighborhood,":[111],"urban.":[113],"compares":[116],"their":[117],"objectives":[118,173],"conceptual":[120],"frameworks":[121],"while":[122],"also":[123],"identifying":[124],"common":[125],"challenges":[126],"potential":[128],"synergies.":[129],"study\u2019s":[131],"findings":[132],"indicate":[133],"that":[134],"all":[135],"DT":[136],"scales":[137],"face":[138],"similar":[139],"data-related":[140],"challenges,":[141],"such":[142],"as":[143],"gathering,":[144],"ownership,":[145],"connectivity,":[146],"reliability.":[148],"Also,":[149],"hierarchical":[150],"synergy":[151],"identified":[153],"among":[154],"DTs,":[156],"implying":[157],"need":[159],"collaboration":[161],"exchange.":[163],"this,":[167],"\u201cW\u00e4rmewende\u201d":[169],"data":[170,183],"platform,":[171],"whose":[172],"concepts":[175],"are":[176],"presented":[177],"paper,":[180],"promotes":[181],"knowledge":[185],"exchange":[186],"internal":[188],"external":[190],"stakeholders.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
