{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295855143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6030093","title":"Hierarchical Co-Attention Selection Network for Interpretable Fake News Detection","display_name":"Hierarchical Co-Attention Selection Network for Interpretable Fake News Detection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295855143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6030093"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc6030093","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6030093","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/6/3/93/pdf?version=1662379812","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/6/3/93/pdf?version=1662379812","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051555874","display_name":"Xiaoyi Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7252-7085"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyi Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi\u2019an 710018, China","College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi'an 710018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi\u2019an 710018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi'an 710018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110523586","display_name":"Shuai Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7856-0495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101701416","display_name":"Yuxiao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7499-7638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxiao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034269796","display_name":"Bin Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2862-2907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi\u2019an 710018, China","College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi'an 710018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi\u2019an 710018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi'an 710018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064654210","display_name":"Mingshu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4800-5938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingshu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi\u2019an 710018, China","College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi'an 710018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi\u2019an 710018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi'an 710018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064654210"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.5822,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8701615,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"93","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7627619504928589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.7428025007247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.6891624331474304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5875082015991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5637208819389343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5544064044952393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fake-news","display_name":"Fake news","score":0.49955177307128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4891262650489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.4290214478969574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.4214667081832886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3725237250328064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33932632207870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.1431882679462433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1284795105457306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.10950201749801636}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7627619504928589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.7428025007247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.6891624331474304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5875082015991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5637208819389343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5544064044952393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779756789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28549308","display_name":"Fake news","level":2,"score":0.49955177307128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4891262650489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.4290214478969574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.4214667081832886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3725237250328064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33932632207870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1431882679462433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1284795105457306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.10950201749801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc6030093","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6030093","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/6/3/93/pdf?version=1662379812","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fa62dbc1670c494bb22df6e12b274a2d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fa62dbc1670c494bb22df6e12b274a2d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing, Vol 6, Iss 3, p 93 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2504-2289/6/3/93/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6030093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing; Volume 6; Issue 3; Pages: 93","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc6030093","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6030093","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/6/3/93/pdf?version=1662379812","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4805521509","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20BXW101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295855143.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295855143.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W1975594555","https://openalex.org/W2084591134","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2142869398","https://openalex.org/W2289084663","https://openalex.org/W2470673105","https://openalex.org/W2547875792","https://openalex.org/W2577888896","https://openalex.org/W2593408211","https://openalex.org/W2604264634","https://openalex.org/W2742144412","https://openalex.org/W2742330194","https://openalex.org/W2759820691","https://openalex.org/W2763572884","https://openalex.org/W2769636162","https://openalex.org/W2783564496","https://openalex.org/W2786995169","https://openalex.org/W2788235048","https://openalex.org/W2897757923","https://openalex.org/W2906971970","https://openalex.org/W2943105737","https://openalex.org/W2948475804","https://openalex.org/W2951307134","https://openalex.org/W2996061341","https://openalex.org/W2997128522","https://openalex.org/W2997976265","https://openalex.org/W2999790948","https://openalex.org/W3000155280","https://openalex.org/W3013743800","https://openalex.org/W3017402509","https://openalex.org/W3034669235","https://openalex.org/W3035268925","https://openalex.org/W3035658351","https://openalex.org/W3044901532","https://openalex.org/W3093115118","https://openalex.org/W3100921056","https://openalex.org/W3120502588","https://openalex.org/W3129729133","https://openalex.org/W3135435788","https://openalex.org/W3152711910","https://openalex.org/W3152907744","https://openalex.org/W3160616715","https://openalex.org/W3167226721","https://openalex.org/W3174422331","https://openalex.org/W3176713826","https://openalex.org/W4221148143","https://openalex.org/W4255166978","https://openalex.org/W4312576096","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6791635796","https://openalex.org/W6948207360"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905433371","https://openalex.org/W4390569940","https://openalex.org/W2888392564","https://openalex.org/W4361193272","https://openalex.org/W4310278675","https://openalex.org/W4388422664","https://openalex.org/W2806259446","https://openalex.org/W2963326959","https://openalex.org/W4247136043","https://openalex.org/W4312407344"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"media":[1],"fake":[2,46,68],"news":[3,32,47,53,69],"has":[4],"become":[5],"a":[6,155],"pervasive":[7],"and":[8,33,106,131,138,167,183],"problematic":[9],"issue":[10],"today":[11],"with":[12],"the":[13,16,28,31,37,83,92,113,119,123,135,141,149,172],"development":[14],"of":[15,30,52,112,143,152,158],"internet.":[17],"Recent":[18],"studies":[19],"have":[20,40],"utilized":[21],"different":[22],"artificial":[23],"intelligence":[24],"technologies":[25],"to":[26,89,117,171],"verify":[27],"truth":[29],"provide":[34],"explanations":[35],"for":[36],"results,":[38],"which":[39,63],"shown":[41],"remarkable":[42],"success":[43],"in":[44,122],"interpretable":[45,78],"detection.":[48],"However,":[49],"individuals\u2019":[50],"judgments":[51],"are":[54],"usually":[55],"hierarchical,":[56],"prioritizing":[57],"valuable":[58],"words":[59],"above":[60],"essential":[61],"sentences,":[62],"is":[64,95,116],"neglected":[65],"by":[66,164],"existing":[67],"detection":[70],"models.":[71],"In":[72,145],"this":[73],"paper,":[74],"we":[75],"propose":[76],"an":[77,100],"novel":[79],"neural":[80],"network-based":[81],"model,":[82],"hierarchical":[84,124],"co-attention":[85,125],"selection":[86,126],"network":[87],"(HCSN),":[88],"predict":[90],"whether":[91],"source":[93,136],"post":[94,137],"fake,":[96],"as":[97,99],"well":[98],"explanation":[101,157],"that":[102,128],"emphasizes":[103],"important":[104],"comments":[105,139,166],"particular":[107],"words.":[108,169],"The":[109],"key":[110],"insight":[111],"HCSN":[114,147],"model":[115,179],"incorporate":[118],"Gumbel\u2013Max":[120],"trick":[121],"mechanism":[127],"captures":[129],"sentence-level":[130],"word-level":[132],"information":[133],"from":[134],"following":[140],"sequence":[142],"words\u2013sentences\u2013words\u2013event.":[144],"addition,":[146],"enjoys":[148],"additional":[150],"benefit":[151],"interpretability\u2014it":[153],"provides":[154],"conscious":[156],"how":[159],"it":[160],"reaches":[161],"certain":[162],"results":[163],"selecting":[165],"highlighting":[168],"According":[170],"experiments":[173],"conducted":[174],"on":[175],"real-world":[176],"datasets,":[177],"our":[178],"outperformed":[180],"state-of-the-art":[181],"methods":[182],"generated":[184],"reasonable":[185],"explanations.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2022-09-15T00:00:00"}
