{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3211172319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5040077","title":"DASentimental: Detecting Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Texts via Emotional Recall, Cognitive Networks, and Machine Learning","display_name":"DASentimental: Detecting Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Texts via Emotional Recall, Cognitive Networks, and Machine Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3211172319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5040077","mag":"3211172319"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc5040077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5040077","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/5/4/77/pdf?version=1639465555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/5/4/77/pdf?version=1639465555","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113792467","display_name":"Asra Fatima","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asra Fatima","raw_affiliation_strings":["CogNosco Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CogNosco Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100391234","display_name":"Ying Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0678-9535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120221","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/02pp7px91","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210120221"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 14195 Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0678-9535","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 14195 Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120221"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089520284","display_name":"Thomas T. Hills","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-2076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Trenholm Hills","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074066409","display_name":"Massimo Stella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1810-9699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Massimo Stella","raw_affiliation_strings":["CogNosco Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PY, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1810-9699","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CogNosco Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074066409"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":5.5073,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96224113,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"4","first_page":"77","last_page":"77"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"Anxiety","score":0.6903421878814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.6381024122238159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.557199239730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5544250011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.5422213673591614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valence","display_name":"Valence (chemistry)","score":0.4724334180355072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distress","display_name":"Distress","score":0.46535924077033997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-embedding","display_name":"Word embedding","score":0.46338140964508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3795769214630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-psychology","display_name":"Clinical psychology","score":0.33052730560302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.30250033736228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.2682317793369293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.1849619448184967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.6903421878814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6381024122238159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.557199239730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5544250011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.5422213673591614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168900304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171407","display_name":"Valence (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4724334180355072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139265228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283089","display_name":"Distress","level":2,"score":0.46535924077033997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777462759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18395344","display_name":"Word embedding","level":3,"score":0.46338140964508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3795769214630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.33052730560302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30250033736228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.2682317793369293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.1849619448184967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc5040077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5040077","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/5/4/77/pdf?version=1639465555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:161201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3b24c173fde14be7b68125a128613073","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3b24c173fde14be7b68125a128613073","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing, Vol 5, Iss 4, p 77 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/365427","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11572/365427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2504-2289/5/4/77/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5040077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing; Volume 5; Issue 4; Pages: 77","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_3348553","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-6CA7-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc5040077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5040077","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/5/4/77/pdf?version=1639465555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3211172319.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977177161","https://openalex.org/W2035782089","https://openalex.org/W2038038371","https://openalex.org/W2082092349","https://openalex.org/W2083671574","https://openalex.org/W2092804630","https://openalex.org/W2096958121","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2120599011","https://openalex.org/W2141674457","https://openalex.org/W2146270470","https://openalex.org/W2148905283","https://openalex.org/W2165418599","https://openalex.org/W2165857685","https://openalex.org/W2171860169","https://openalex.org/W2391304757","https://openalex.org/W2403710930","https://openalex.org/W2512331698","https://openalex.org/W2519079174","https://openalex.org/W2594337407","https://openalex.org/W2751318774","https://openalex.org/W2783488042","https://openalex.org/W2784640584","https://openalex.org/W2788488506","https://openalex.org/W2795647682","https://openalex.org/W2798357113","https://openalex.org/W2888054844","https://openalex.org/W2897630418","https://openalex.org/W2912224545","https://openalex.org/W2949527586","https://openalex.org/W2965966901","https://openalex.org/W2991997746","https://openalex.org/W2998355559","https://openalex.org/W3000466293","https://openalex.org/W3009501654","https://openalex.org/W3010899062","https://openalex.org/W3011345566","https://openalex.org/W3013319105","https://openalex.org/W3021646620","https://openalex.org/W3048494933","https://openalex.org/W3049027898","https://openalex.org/W3081709968","https://openalex.org/W3083307665","https://openalex.org/W3090220647","https://openalex.org/W3091781426","https://openalex.org/W3099227447","https://openalex.org/W3099643920","https://openalex.org/W3101739755","https://openalex.org/W3104499797","https://openalex.org/W3106242590","https://openalex.org/W3113979596","https://openalex.org/W3118781683","https://openalex.org/W3119990835","https://openalex.org/W3125832090","https://openalex.org/W3126661164","https://openalex.org/W3134224965","https://openalex.org/W3135845488","https://openalex.org/W3159101795","https://openalex.org/W3164994912","https://openalex.org/W3165270933","https://openalex.org/W3168877225","https://openalex.org/W3172152844","https://openalex.org/W3172813858","https://openalex.org/W3185654792","https://openalex.org/W3186830797","https://openalex.org/W3188966281","https://openalex.org/W3202563048","https://openalex.org/W3208539668","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6685340606"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2118758177","https://openalex.org/W4330338194","https://openalex.org/W2153520307","https://openalex.org/W2151459719","https://openalex.org/W623261610","https://openalex.org/W2316630966","https://openalex.org/W3133744317","https://openalex.org/W4401374939","https://openalex.org/W1976696937","https://openalex.org/W2059453987"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"current":[1],"affect":[2],"scales":[3],"and":[4,46,70,93,120,150,202,232,238,247,271],"sentiment":[5],"analysis":[6],"on":[7,11],"written":[8,49],"text":[9],"focus":[10],"quantifying":[12],"valence/sentiment,":[13],"the":[14,73,172,176,216,235],"primary":[15],"dimension":[16],"of":[17,25,61,101,179,228,255],"emotion.":[18],"Distinguishing":[19],"broader,":[20],"more":[21],"complex":[22],"negative":[23],"emotions":[24],"similar":[26],"valence":[27,246],"is":[28],"key":[29,193,259],"to":[30,42,54,113,156,174,224,243],"evaluating":[31],"mental":[32],"health.":[33],"We":[34,51,182,221,257],"propose":[35],"a":[36,89,95,98,131,165,225,252],"semi-supervised":[37],"machine":[38],"learning":[39],"model,":[40],"DASentimental,":[41],"extract":[43],"depression,":[44,68],"anxiety,":[45,69,270],"stress":[47,71,151,203],"from":[48,72,207,251],"text.":[50],"trained":[52],"DASentimental":[53,170,223],"identify":[55],"how":[56],"N":[57],"=":[58,144,148,153],"200":[59],"sequences":[60],"recalled":[62],"emotional":[63,180],"words":[64],"correlate":[65],"with":[66],"recallers\u2019":[67],"Depression":[74],"Anxiety":[75],"Stress":[76],"Scale":[77],"(DASS-21).":[78],"Using":[79],"cognitive":[80,132],"network":[81,99,125],"science,":[82],"we":[83],"modeled":[84],"every":[85],"recall":[86],"list":[87],"as":[88,94,249],"bag-of-words":[90],"(BOW)":[91],"vector":[92],"walk":[96,190],"over":[97],"representation":[100],"semantic":[102,118,124,177,185],"memory\u2014in":[103],"this":[104],"case,":[105],"free":[106],"associations.":[107],"This":[108,134],"weights":[109],"BOW":[110],"entries":[111],"according":[112],"their":[114],"centrality":[115],"(degree)":[116],"in":[117,130,245,273],"memory":[119],"informs":[121],"recalls":[122,129,188],"using":[123],"distances,":[126],"thus":[127],"embedding":[128,135],"representation.":[133],"translated":[136],"into":[137],"state-of-the-art,":[138],"cross-validated":[139],"predictions":[140,211],"for":[141,194,200,261],"depression":[142,196,237,272],"(R":[143,147,152],"0.7),":[145],"anxiety":[146,201,210,239],"0.44),":[149],"0.52),":[154],"equivalent":[155],"previous":[157],"results":[158],"employing":[159],"additional":[160],"human":[161],"data.":[162],"Powered":[163],"by":[164,265],"multilayer":[166],"perceptron":[167],"neural":[168],"network,":[169],"opens":[171],"door":[173],"probing":[175],"organizations":[178],"distress.":[181],"found":[183,233],"that":[184,234],"distances":[186,206],"between":[187],"(i.e.,":[189],"coverage),":[191],"was":[192,219],"estimating":[195],"levels":[197,240],"but":[198,212],"redundant":[199,214],"levels.":[204],"Semantic":[205],"\u201cfear\u201d":[208],"boosted":[209],"were":[213],"when":[215],"\u201csad\u2013happy\u201d":[217],"dyad":[218],"considered.":[220],"applied":[222],"clinical":[226],"dataset":[227],"142":[229],"suicide":[230],"notes":[231],"predicted":[236],"(high/low)":[241],"corresponded":[242],"differences":[244],"arousal":[248],"expected":[250],"circumplex":[253],"model":[254],"affect.":[256],"discuss":[258],"directions":[260],"future":[262],"research":[263],"enabled":[264],"artificial":[266],"intelligence":[267],"detecting":[268],"stress,":[269],"texts.":[274]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}
