{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134517878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5010013","title":"From data Processing to Knowledge Processing: Working with Operational Schemas by Autopoietic Machines","display_name":"From data Processing to Knowledge Processing: Working with Operational Schemas by Autopoietic Machines","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134517878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5010013","mag":"3134517878"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc5010013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5010013","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/5/1/13/pdf?version=1616761892","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/5/1/13/pdf?version=1616761892","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109006861","display_name":"Mark Burgin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Burgin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061802657","display_name":"Rao Mikkilineni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8762-7070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44829897","display_name":"Golden Gate University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wj7vt66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44829897"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rao Mikkilineni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ageno School of Business, Golden Gate University, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8762-7070","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ageno School of Business, Golden Gate University, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44829897"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061802657"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44829897"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.9784,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87898713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"13","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9753000140190125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autopoiesis","display_name":"Autopoiesis","score":0.886680006980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7751551866531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schema","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","score":0.65669846534729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5273880958557129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.4698100686073303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.366482138633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3290629982948303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.20922470092773438}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34048319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599967","display_name":"Autopoiesis","level":2,"score":0.886680006980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7751551866531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52146309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431116","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","level":2,"score":0.65669846534729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5273880958557129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4698100686073303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.366482138633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3290629982948303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.20922470092773438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc5010013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5010013","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/5/1/13/pdf?version=1616761892","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0a8bc3090c7d478abde31f49fa223b15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0a8bc3090c7d478abde31f49fa223b15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 13 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2504-2289/5/1/13/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5010013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing; Volume 5; Issue 1; Pages: 13","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc5010013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc5010013","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/5/1/13/pdf?version=1616761892","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134517878.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71549632","https://openalex.org/W563490355","https://openalex.org/W583616190","https://openalex.org/W1480402943","https://openalex.org/W1551703260","https://openalex.org/W1714612385","https://openalex.org/W1980328958","https://openalex.org/W1990300406","https://openalex.org/W2009133251","https://openalex.org/W2065378802","https://openalex.org/W2106001218","https://openalex.org/W2122036511","https://openalex.org/W2163686172","https://openalex.org/W2170898477","https://openalex.org/W2492988005","https://openalex.org/W2493894436","https://openalex.org/W2498716453","https://openalex.org/W2687196519","https://openalex.org/W2751199251","https://openalex.org/W2911397877","https://openalex.org/W2914694623","https://openalex.org/W3013948342","https://openalex.org/W3022719273","https://openalex.org/W3096936901","https://openalex.org/W4233553360","https://openalex.org/W4235180952","https://openalex.org/W6600637750","https://openalex.org/W6601826367","https://openalex.org/W6602920542","https://openalex.org/W6603502161"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W78181478","https://openalex.org/W57811492","https://openalex.org/W30669713","https://openalex.org/W195100542","https://openalex.org/W15226519","https://openalex.org/W76818495","https://openalex.org/W2090324337","https://openalex.org/W2042702772","https://openalex.org/W4212899484","https://openalex.org/W2021389546"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Knowledge":[0],"processing":[1,90,182],"is":[2,23,40,59,81,140],"an":[3,41],"important":[4],"feature":[5],"of":[6,29,48,55,68,78,84,106,128,134,145,156,162,174,200],"intelligence":[7,12],"in":[8,13,102,166],"general":[9],"and":[10,73,86,108,120,148,154,159,172,176,188,203],"artificial":[11],"particular.":[14],"To":[15,93],"develop":[16],"computing":[17,187],"systems":[18],"working":[19,30],"with":[20,31,206],"knowledge,":[21],"it":[22],"necessary":[24],"to":[25,36,66,209],"elaborate":[26],"the":[27,56,82,103,126,160,170,197,201,207],"means":[28],"knowledge":[32,39,49,194],"representations":[33,50,100],"(as":[34],"opposed":[35],"data),":[37],"because":[38],"abstract":[42],"structure.":[43],"There":[44],"are":[45],"different":[46],"forms":[47,58],"derived":[51],"from":[52],"data.":[53],"One":[54],"basic":[57],"called":[60],"a":[61,113,141],"schema,":[62],"which":[63],"can":[64],"belong":[65],"one":[67],"three":[69],"classes:":[70],"operational,":[71],"descriptive,":[72],"representation":[74],"schemas.":[75,92],"The":[76],"goal":[77],"this":[79,95],"paper":[80],"development":[83],"theoretical":[85,115],"practical":[87],"tools":[88],"for":[89,117],"operational":[91],"achieve":[94],"goal,":[96],"we":[97],"use":[98,109,193],"schema":[99,127],"elaborated":[101],"mathematical":[104],"theory":[105,171],"schemas":[107],"structural":[110,135],"machines":[111,130,179,192],"as":[112,131,180],"powerful":[114],"tool":[116],"modeling":[118],"parallel":[119],"concurrent":[121],"computational":[122],"processes.":[123],"We":[124,168],"describe":[125],"autopoietic":[129,138,178],"physical":[132],"realizations":[133],"machines.":[136],"An":[137],"machine":[139],"technical":[142],"system":[143,202],"capable":[144],"regenerating,":[146],"reproducing,":[147],"maintaining":[149],"itself":[150],"by":[151,212],"production,":[152],"transformation,":[153],"destruction":[155],"its":[157,204],"components":[158],"networks":[161],"processes":[163],"downstream":[164],"contained":[165],"them.":[167],"present":[169],"practice":[173],"designing":[175],"implementing":[177],"information":[181],"structures":[183,195],"integrating":[184],"both":[185],"symbolic":[186],"neural":[189],"networks.":[190],"Autopoietic":[191],"containing":[196],"behavioral":[198],"evolution":[199],"interactions":[205],"environment":[208],"maintain":[210],"stability":[211],"counteracting":[213],"fluctuations.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
