{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7118187131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc10010017","title":"CBR2: A Case-Based Reasoning Framework with Dual Retrieval Guidance for Few-Shot KBQA","display_name":"CBR2: A Case-Based Reasoning Framework with Dual Retrieval Guidance for Few-Shot KBQA","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7118187131","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc10010017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc10010017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc10010017","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/10/1/17/pdf?version=1767511043","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/10/1/17/pdf?version=1767511043","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121962809","display_name":"Xinyu Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Systems Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6725-6241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Systems Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121926805","display_name":"Tong Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151178","display_name":"System Simulation (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04gf6zh40","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151178"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory for Complex Systems Simulation, Beijing 100029, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0787-7001","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory for Complex Systems Simulation, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056843944","display_name":"Lingtao Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1828-0625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151178","display_name":"System Simulation (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04gf6zh40","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151178"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingtao Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory for Complex Systems Simulation, Beijing 100029, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory for Complex Systems Simulation, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151178"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121938698","display_name":"Zhipeng Du","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151178","display_name":"System Simulation (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04gf6zh40","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151178"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhipeng Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory for Complex Systems Simulation, Beijing 100029, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory for Complex Systems Simulation, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kai Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121914400","display_name":"Gang Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151178","display_name":"System Simulation (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04gf6zh40","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151178"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gang Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory for Complex Systems Simulation, Beijing 100029, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory for Complex Systems Simulation, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151178"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121959302","display_name":"He Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Systems and Society, Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Systems and Society, Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5121914400"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151178"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03569132,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"17","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.4203000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.4203000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.0925000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.08410000056028366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.5633000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.5338000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-reasoning","display_name":"Automated reasoning","score":0.5041000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.4327999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.3982999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-refinement","display_name":"Iterative refinement","score":0.39500001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.39250001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8105000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.5633000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5616000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.5338000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195344581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555318","display_name":"Automated reasoning","level":2,"score":0.5041000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.43479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4327999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3982999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779982483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094420","display_name":"Iterative refinement","level":2,"score":0.39500001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.39250001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.37950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.32710000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37335422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888134","display_name":"Model-based reasoning","level":3,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89288958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7301504","display_name":"Reasoning system","level":2,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986991398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntactic structure","level":3,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.26820001006126404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc10010017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc10010017","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/10/1/17/pdf?version=1767511043","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8b89b8acb41b4204a922010c19f8f000","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8b89b8acb41b4204a922010c19f8f000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bdcc10010017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc10010017","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/10/1/17/pdf?version=1767511043","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238752","display_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","issn_l":"2504-2289","issn":["2504-2289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.44336768984794617,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118187131.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118187131.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107598941","https://openalex.org/W2126385963","https://openalex.org/W2161002933","https://openalex.org/W2251079237","https://openalex.org/W2251287417","https://openalex.org/W2755637027","https://openalex.org/W2890560945","https://openalex.org/W2970641574","https://openalex.org/W2998702515","https://openalex.org/W3034273250","https://openalex.org/W3034999214","https://openalex.org/W3152740956","https://openalex.org/W3156012351","https://openalex.org/W3156128319","https://openalex.org/W3199258975","https://openalex.org/W3214600982","https://openalex.org/W4200454073","https://openalex.org/W4225110351","https://openalex.org/W4285147034","https://openalex.org/W4287887242","https://openalex.org/W4382202570","https://openalex.org/W4385571184","https://openalex.org/W4385572812","https://openalex.org/W4385573465","https://openalex.org/W4385573529","https://openalex.org/W4389523875","https://openalex.org/W4389524381","https://openalex.org/W4392688439","https://openalex.org/W4393156804","https://openalex.org/W4401549296","https://openalex.org/W4402670856","https://openalex.org/W4402671627","https://openalex.org/W4402671672","https://openalex.org/W4402684065","https://openalex.org/W4411764199","https://openalex.org/W4411851392","https://openalex.org/W4412944620"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,11,145],"large":[3],"language":[4],"models":[5],"(LLMs)":[6],"have":[7],"driven":[8],"substantial":[9],"progress":[10],"knowledge":[12,99],"base":[13],"question":[14],"answering":[15],"(KBQA),":[16],"particularly":[17],"under":[18],"few-shot":[19,40,171],"settings.":[20],"However,":[21],"symbolic":[22,76],"program":[23,77],"generation":[24,37],"remains":[25],"challenging":[26],"due":[27],"to":[28,36,121,160],"its":[29],"strict":[30],"structural":[31],"constraints":[32],"and":[33,59,102,105,112,137,148,162],"high":[34],"sensitivity":[35],"errors.":[38],"Existing":[39],"methods":[41],"often":[42],"rely":[43],"on":[44,134,152],"multi-turn":[45],"strategies,":[46],"such":[47],"as":[48],"rule-based":[49],"step-by-step":[50],"reasoning":[51,68,107,131],"or":[52],"iterative":[53],"self-correction,":[54],"which":[55],"introduce":[56],"additional":[57],"latency":[58],"exacerbate":[60],"error":[61],"propagation.":[62],"We":[63],"present":[64],"CBR2,":[65],"a":[66,86],"case-based":[67],"framework":[69],"with":[70],"dual":[71],"retrieval":[72],"guidance":[73],"for":[74],"single-pass":[75],"generation.":[78],"Instead":[79],"of":[80,95,129],"generating":[81],"programs":[82],"interactively,":[83],"CBR2":[84,141],"constructs":[85],"unified":[87],"structure-aware":[88],"prompt":[89],"that":[90,140],"integrates":[91],"two":[92],"complementary":[93],"types":[94],"retrieval:":[96],"(1)":[97],"structured":[98],"from":[100,158],"ontologies":[101],"factual":[103],"triples,":[104],"(2)":[106],"exemplars":[108],"retrieved":[109],"via":[110],"semantic":[111],"function-level":[113],"similarity.":[114],"A":[115],"lightweight":[116],"similarity":[117],"model":[118],"is":[119],"trained":[120],"retrieve":[122],"structurally":[123],"aligned":[124],"programs,":[125],"enabling":[126],"effective":[127],"transfer":[128],"abstract":[130],"patterns.":[132],"Experiments":[133],"KQA":[135,153],"Pro":[136],"MetaQA":[138],"demonstrate":[139],"achieves":[142],"significant":[143],"improvements":[144],"both":[146],"accuracy":[147],"syntactic":[149],"robustness.":[150],"Specifically":[151],"Pro,":[154],"it":[155],"boosts":[156],"Hits@1":[157],"72.70%":[159],"82.13%":[161],"reduces":[163],"syntax":[164],"errors":[165],"by":[166],"25%,":[167],"surpassing":[168],"the":[169],"previous":[170],"state-of-the-art.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2026-01-05T00:00:00"}
