{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407107537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms14020117","title":"Conformal Solutions of Static Plane Symmetric Cosmological Models in Cases of a Perfect Fluid and a Cosmic String Cloud","display_name":"Conformal Solutions of Static Plane Symmetric Cosmological Models in Cases of a Perfect Fluid and a Cosmic String Cloud","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407107537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms14020117"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms14020117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms14020117","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/14/2/117/pdf?version=1740044328","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/14/2/117/pdf?version=1740044328","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037841664","display_name":"Ragab M. Gad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2650-1463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89466785","display_name":"Minia University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hcv4z63","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89466785"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ragab M. Gad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61915, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61915, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89466785"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045947592","display_name":"Awatif Al-Jedani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5560-2944"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099699","display_name":"University of Jeddah","ror":"https://ror.org/015ya8798","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099699"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Awatif Al-Jedani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23890, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23890, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099699"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115792328","display_name":"Shahad T. Alsulami","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099699","display_name":"University of Jeddah","ror":"https://ror.org/015ya8798","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099699"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahad T. Alsulami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23890, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23890, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099699"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045947592"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099699"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":2.5285,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87703848,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"117","last_page":"117"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10251","display_name":"Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-string","display_name":"Cosmic string","score":0.8464866876602173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformal-map","display_name":"Conformal map","score":0.7503126859664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string","display_name":"String (physics)","score":0.6515631675720215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.6347989439964294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plane","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","score":0.6347761154174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformal-symmetry","display_name":"Conformal symmetry","score":0.5788378715515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perfect-fluid","display_name":"Perfect fluid","score":0.5524451732635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-cancer-database","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","score":0.5331982970237732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-physics","display_name":"Theoretical physics","score":0.505209743976593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.4209586977958679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.41056057810783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.2986857295036316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.21561533212661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14545807242393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.09517568349838257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170442971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431196","display_name":"Cosmic string","level":3,"score":0.8464866876602173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98214594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850275","display_name":"Conformal map","level":2,"score":0.7503126859664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6515631675720215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6347989439964294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17825722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17285","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6347761154174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173848574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3507963","display_name":"Conformal symmetry","level":3,"score":0.5788378715515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52220454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q613845","display_name":"Perfect fluid","level":2,"score":0.5524451732635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59375849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013513","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","level":2,"score":0.5331982970237732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.505209743976593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4209586977958679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.41056057810783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.2986857295036316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.21561533212661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14545807242393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09517568349838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms14020117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms14020117","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/14/2/117/pdf?version=1740044328","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c642e203daa2440eb394a952bdf946e8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c642e203daa2440eb394a952bdf946e8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Axioms, Vol 14, Iss 2, p 117 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms14020117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms14020117","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/14/2/117/pdf?version=1740044328","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8875303010","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UJ-24-FR-2299-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329038","funder_display_name":"University of Jeddah"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329038","display_name":"University of Jeddah","ror":"https://ror.org/015ya8798"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407107537.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407107537.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W140113475","https://openalex.org/W585591985","https://openalex.org/W1554296795","https://openalex.org/W1645070602","https://openalex.org/W1953478438","https://openalex.org/W1966388380","https://openalex.org/W1976106226","https://openalex.org/W1988361964","https://openalex.org/W1993485521","https://openalex.org/W2003366576","https://openalex.org/W2009186165","https://openalex.org/W2020973764","https://openalex.org/W2027875859","https://openalex.org/W2036335316","https://openalex.org/W2038386879","https://openalex.org/W2045531114","https://openalex.org/W2068599857","https://openalex.org/W2085943142","https://openalex.org/W2090173232","https://openalex.org/W2097906860","https://openalex.org/W2108894956","https://openalex.org/W2124235957","https://openalex.org/W2192807082","https://openalex.org/W2282751911","https://openalex.org/W2752354041","https://openalex.org/W3098301071","https://openalex.org/W3099737943","https://openalex.org/W3103036784","https://openalex.org/W3112068041","https://openalex.org/W4206640065","https://openalex.org/W4242169321","https://openalex.org/W4281556550","https://openalex.org/W4293103273","https://openalex.org/W4301622105","https://openalex.org/W4386475860","https://openalex.org/W4394791804","https://openalex.org/W6632903460","https://openalex.org/W6633373273","https://openalex.org/W6636992892","https://openalex.org/W6785875176"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4394660477","https://openalex.org/W2068238082","https://openalex.org/W1614481415","https://openalex.org/W2164061854","https://openalex.org/W1645839225","https://openalex.org/W4387323499","https://openalex.org/W3099163686","https://openalex.org/W2166876699","https://openalex.org/W1658940746","https://openalex.org/W1986460052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,83],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3,91],"obtained":[4,136],"exact":[5,119],"solutions":[6,28,50],"of":[7,26,45,65,86,108,168],"Einstein\u2019s":[8],"field":[9,146],"equations":[10],"for":[11,122],"plane":[12,125],"symmetric":[13,126],"cosmological":[14],"models":[15,171],"by":[16],"assuming":[17],"that":[18,41,72,93,117,137],"they":[19],"admit":[20],"conformal":[21,120,144],"motion.":[22],"The":[23],"space-time":[24,139],"geometry":[25],"these":[27,49],"is":[29,67],"found":[30,92],"to":[31,129,148,159],"be":[32],"nonsingular,":[33],"non-vacuum":[34],"and":[35,61,81,97,152,165],"conformally":[36],"flat.":[37],"We":[38,69,115,135],"have":[39,51,70],"shown":[40,71,116],"in":[42],"the":[43,62,84,94,102,106,109,118,130,138,149,160,169],"case":[44,85],"a":[46,73,87,123,143,156],"perfect":[47],"fluid,":[48],"an":[52],"energy-momentum":[53],"tensor":[54],"possessing":[55],"dark":[56],"energy":[57,63],"with":[58],"negative":[59],"pressure":[60],"equation":[64],"state":[66],"\u03c1+p=0.":[68],"fluid":[74,103],"has":[75],"acceleration,":[76],"rotation,":[77],"shear-free,":[78],"vanishing":[79],"expansion,":[80],"rotation.":[82],"cosmic":[88],"string":[89],"cloud,":[90],"tension":[95],"density":[96,99],"particle":[98],"decrease":[100],"as":[101],"moves":[104],"along":[105],"direction":[107],"strings,":[110],"then":[111],"vanish":[112],"at":[113],"infinity.":[114],"solution":[121],"static":[124],"model":[127],"reduces":[128],"well-known":[131],"anti-De":[132],"Sitter":[133],"space-time.":[134],"under":[140],"consideration":[141],"admits":[142,155],"vector":[145,151,157],"orthogonal":[147],"4-velocity":[150,161],"does":[153],"not":[154],"parallel":[158],"vector.":[162],"Some":[163],"physical":[164],"kinematic":[166],"properties":[167],"resulting":[170],"are":[172],"also":[173],"discussed.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}