{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386420410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12090855","title":"Leadership Competencies in the Financial Industry during Digital Transformation: An Evaluation Framework Using the Z-DEMATEL Technique","display_name":"Leadership Competencies in the Financial Industry during Digital Transformation: An Evaluation Framework Using the Z-DEMATEL Technique","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386420410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12090855"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms12090855","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12090855","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/12/9/855/pdf?version=1693735060","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/12/9/855/pdf?version=1693735060","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114079622","display_name":"Min-Hsu Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118292597","display_name":"National Taipei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn92c09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min-Hsu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111628249","display_name":"Chien\u2010Cheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2252-5660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118292597","display_name":"National Taipei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn92c09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chien-Cheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016300986","display_name":"Kai-Ying Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118292597","display_name":"National Taipei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn92c09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Ying Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055818033","display_name":"Huai-Wei Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-8740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75357094","display_name":"National Yunlin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qkq2m54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75357094"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huai-Wei Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-8740","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75357094"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055818033"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75357094"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":4.7642,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94491239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"9","first_page":"855","last_page":"855"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12922","display_name":"Business and Economic Development","score":0.9732999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12922","display_name":"Business and Economic Development","score":0.9732999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14356","display_name":"Organizational Leadership and Management Strategies","score":0.9434000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13181","display_name":"Economic and Technological Systems Analysis","score":0.9369999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cornerstone","display_name":"Cornerstone","score":0.6533867716789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clarity","display_name":"CLARITY","score":0.6430962085723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-transformation","display_name":"Digital transformation","score":0.6158850193023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-competency","display_name":"Core competency","score":0.5148628950119019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.4987831115722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.4795108139514923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.41708576679229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39326760172843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.37187862396240234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.33206331729888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.17840781807899475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780616401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133673","display_name":"Cornerstone","level":2,"score":0.6533867716789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.6430962085723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126082660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4252370","display_name":"Digital transformation","level":2,"score":0.6158850193023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164065428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201929","display_name":"Core competency","level":2,"score":0.5148628950119019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4987831115722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.4795108139514923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41708576679229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39326760172843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.37187862396240234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.33206331729888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.17840781807899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms12090855","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12090855","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/12/9/855/pdf?version=1693735060","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6dd49ac12b6b45099f16c5afb11a0459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6dd49ac12b6b45099f16c5afb11a0459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Axioms, Vol 12, Iss 9, p 855 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2075-1680/12/9/855/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms12090855","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms12090855","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12090855","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/12/9/855/pdf?version=1693735060","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386420410.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386420410.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2042774699","https://openalex.org/W2549296730","https://openalex.org/W2582371525","https://openalex.org/W2618156453","https://openalex.org/W2789606527","https://openalex.org/W2895974257","https://openalex.org/W2897376927","https://openalex.org/W2914103698","https://openalex.org/W2942246977","https://openalex.org/W2943854037","https://openalex.org/W2997615783","https://openalex.org/W3018451750","https://openalex.org/W3021328090","https://openalex.org/W3039963790","https://openalex.org/W3041407038","https://openalex.org/W3048166865","https://openalex.org/W3081618151","https://openalex.org/W3088324979","https://openalex.org/W3101853410","https://openalex.org/W3111813349","https://openalex.org/W3121884772","https://openalex.org/W3124717735","https://openalex.org/W3127688132","https://openalex.org/W3165714551","https://openalex.org/W3196156492","https://openalex.org/W3208042525","https://openalex.org/W4200210477","https://openalex.org/W4200520436","https://openalex.org/W4206190481","https://openalex.org/W4206217106","https://openalex.org/W4212843649","https://openalex.org/W4213177017","https://openalex.org/W4224086338","https://openalex.org/W4224925591","https://openalex.org/W4225373594","https://openalex.org/W4229076168","https://openalex.org/W4280542417","https://openalex.org/W4280610043","https://openalex.org/W4281569893","https://openalex.org/W4281625423","https://openalex.org/W4282593816","https://openalex.org/W4283079205","https://openalex.org/W6761872288"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088111589","https://openalex.org/W2321083758","https://openalex.org/W4366496304","https://openalex.org/W2086338133","https://openalex.org/W4367679314","https://openalex.org/W2621059512","https://openalex.org/W2272703686","https://openalex.org/W2765750194","https://openalex.org/W2903587595","https://openalex.org/W4385224774"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,158],"today\u2019s":[1],"digital":[2,28,89,130,279,311],"age,":[3],"the":[4,10,24,35,68,76,82,88,95,111,145,149,162,175,195,203,211,214,220,246,260,267,276,284,289,292],"financial":[5,83,227],"industry,":[6],"a":[7,52,230],"cornerstone":[8],"of":[9,27,54,70,164,198,213,223,278,286],"global":[11],"economy,":[12],"is":[13,43,51,73],"undergoing":[14],"monumental":[15],"shifts.":[16],"While":[17],"business":[18],"performance":[19,285],"hinges":[20],"on":[21,161,309],"proficient":[22],"leadership,":[23],"seismic":[25],"wave":[26],"transformation":[29,90,280,312],"poses":[30],"new":[31],"challenges":[32],"and":[33,92,101,117,136,151,183,187,238,242,256,281,294],"magnifies":[34],"need":[36],"for":[37,113,126,155,210],"specific":[38],"leadership":[39,77,115,127,271],"competencies.":[40],"The":[41,132],"urgency":[42],"clear:":[44],"adapt":[45],"or":[46],"become":[47],"obsolete.":[48],"However,":[49],"there":[50],"lack":[53],"clarity":[55],"regarding":[56],"which":[57,102],"competencies":[58,78,100,116,128],"are":[59,104,190,307],"essential":[60],"during":[61,87,129,288],"such":[62],"transformations.":[63],"To":[64],"address":[65],"this":[66,71,233,298],"gap,":[67],"purpose":[69],"study":[72,234,299],"to":[74,93,121,143,269,303],"identify":[75,144],"that":[79,173,236,274,306],"leaders":[80],"in":[81,297],"industry":[84,228],"should":[85],"possess":[86],"process":[91],"determine":[94],"influential":[96,146],"relationships":[97,147],"among":[98,148],"these":[99],"ones":[103],"highly":[105],"influential.":[106],"This":[107],"paper":[108],"extensively":[109],"investigates":[110],"criteria":[112,150,176,249],"evaluating":[114],"integrates":[118],"expert":[119],"judgments":[120],"construct":[122],"an":[123,166],"evaluation":[124,137,215],"framework":[125],"transformation.":[131,290],"Z-based":[133],"decision-making":[134],"trial":[135],"laboratory":[138],"(Z-DEMATEL)":[139],"technique":[140],"was":[141,171],"applied":[142,302],"generate":[152],"influence":[153],"weights":[154],"each":[156],"criterion.":[157],"addition,":[159],"based":[160],"results":[163,268],"Z-DEMATEL,":[165],"Influence":[167],"Classification":[168],"Map":[169],"(ICM)":[170],"plotted":[172],"categorized":[174],"into":[177],"four":[178],"groups:":[179],"core,":[180],"driving,":[181],"independent,":[182],"impact.":[184],"Management":[185],"implications":[186],"improvement":[188],"suggestions":[189],"provided":[191],"accordingly.":[192],"Z-DEMATEL":[193,206],"enhances":[194],"general":[196],"form":[197],"fuzzy":[199],"DEMATEL.":[200],"By":[201],"integrating":[202],"Z-fuzzy":[204],"theory,":[205],"not":[207],"only":[208],"accounts":[209],"uncertainty":[212],"environment":[216],"but":[217],"also":[218],"measures":[219],"confidence":[221],"level":[222],"experts.":[224],"Taking":[225],"Taiwan\u2019s":[226],"as":[229],"case":[231],"study,":[232],"revealed":[235],"\u201cvision":[237],"imagination,\u201d":[239],"\u201ccritical":[240,254],"analysis,\u201d":[241],"\u201cstrategic":[243],"perspective\u201d":[244],"were":[245,259],"top":[247],"three":[248],"with":[250],"higher":[251],"weights,":[252],"while":[253],"analysis\u201d":[255],"\u201cinterpersonal":[257],"sensitivity\u201d":[258],"core":[261],"criteria.":[262],"Business":[263],"managers":[264],"can":[265,300],"use":[266],"design":[270],"training":[272],"programs":[273],"meet":[275],"requirements":[277],"ultimately":[282],"improve":[283],"organizations":[287],"Moreover,":[291],"concepts":[293],"methods":[295],"presented":[296],"be":[301],"other":[304],"industries":[305],"embarking":[308],"their":[310],"journeys.":[313]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
