{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4322771213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12030250","title":"Hybridised Network of Fuzzy Logic and a Genetic Algorithm in Solving 3-Satisfiability Hopfield Neural Networks","display_name":"Hybridised Network of Fuzzy Logic and a Genetic Algorithm in Solving 3-Satisfiability Hopfield Neural Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4322771213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12030250"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms12030250","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12030250","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/12/3/250/pdf?version=1677661938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/12/3/250/pdf?version=1677661938","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006285591","display_name":"Farah Liyana Azizan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8070-8206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41461413","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Sarawak","ror":"https://ror.org/05b307002","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41461413"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farah Liyana Azizan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Pre-University Studies, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan 94300, Malaysia","School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8070-8206","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Pre-University Studies, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan 94300, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41461413"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050114601","display_name":"Saratha Sathasivam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-7082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saratha Sathasivam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-7082","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101615025","display_name":"Majid Khan Majahar Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5558-5929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Majid Khan Majahar Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5558-5929","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002425255","display_name":"Nurshazneem Roslan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1656-5033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nurshazneem Roslan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Engineering Mathematics, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia","School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Engineering Mathematics, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058515939","display_name":"Caicai Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5826-1547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caicai Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang 11800, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050114601"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":2.4005,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90191898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"3","first_page":"250","last_page":"250"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9390000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9243999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hopfield-network","display_name":"Hopfield network","score":0.6561590433120728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.6522727608680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6167268753051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satisfiability","display_name":"Satisfiability","score":0.6088052988052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5116246342658997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.48607495427131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.48415952920913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.39699995517730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34248286485671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.22509193420410156}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46421273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407668","display_name":"Hopfield network","level":3,"score":0.6561590433120728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.6522727608680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6167268753051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168773769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350299","display_name":"Satisfiability","level":2,"score":0.6088052988052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5116246342658997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.48607495427131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.48415952920913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.39699995517730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34248286485671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.22509193420410156}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms12030250","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12030250","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/12/3/250/pdf?version=1677661938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.unimas.my:41470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/41470/1/Hybridised%20Network.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400335","display_name":"Unimas Institutional Repository (Universiti Malaysia Sarawak)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I41461413","host_organization_name":"Universiti Malaysia Sarawak","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41461413"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2529b81c3c4a4db6a79fa39e26a0c350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2529b81c3c4a4db6a79fa39e26a0c350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Axioms, Vol 12, Iss 3, p 250 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2075-1680/12/3/250/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms12030250","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms12030250","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12030250","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/12/3/250/pdf?version=1677661938","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322757","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4322771213.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597286183","https://openalex.org/W1970104171","https://openalex.org/W2023367191","https://openalex.org/W2074056143","https://openalex.org/W2132438292","https://openalex.org/W2205449616","https://openalex.org/W2296609147","https://openalex.org/W2515951848","https://openalex.org/W2560310602","https://openalex.org/W2905025229","https://openalex.org/W3002622937","https://openalex.org/W3011408237","https://openalex.org/W3021933602","https://openalex.org/W3025183236","https://openalex.org/W3030867923","https://openalex.org/W3032448872","https://openalex.org/W3083155175","https://openalex.org/W3094704314","https://openalex.org/W3140473065","https://openalex.org/W3172248964","https://openalex.org/W3184844904","https://openalex.org/W3186901041","https://openalex.org/W3207637659","https://openalex.org/W3211212082","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4220764559","https://openalex.org/W4224217325","https://openalex.org/W4225259916","https://openalex.org/W4281837565","https://openalex.org/W4283385861","https://openalex.org/W4284711918","https://openalex.org/W4303981519","https://openalex.org/W6668986841","https://openalex.org/W6688320427","https://openalex.org/W6726647133","https://openalex.org/W6730095308","https://openalex.org/W6797226364","https://openalex.org/W6798828350"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117614743","https://openalex.org/W2218979613","https://openalex.org/W2951527796","https://openalex.org/W2979762782","https://openalex.org/W2128425805","https://openalex.org/W2599045608","https://openalex.org/W1967777287","https://openalex.org/W4300447733","https://openalex.org/W3092016156","https://openalex.org/W2560310602"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,182],"work":[1],"proposed":[2,32,157],"a":[3,28,76,160,194],"new":[4,183],"hybridised":[5],"network":[6,22,188],"of":[7,19,38,101,129,146,175,185],"3-Satisfiability":[8,41,191],"structures":[9],"that":[10,155],"widens":[11],"the":[12,17,20,36,39,51,60,64,83,88,99,102,106,144,147,153,156,179,186,190],"search":[13,52],"space":[14],"and":[15,27,115,138,149,165],"improves":[16],"effectiveness":[18],"Hopfield":[21,187],"by":[23,47,95],"utilising":[24],"fuzzy":[25,57],"logic":[26,46,58,73,192,198],"metaheuristic":[29],"algorithm.":[30],"The":[31,109,120,141,163],"method":[33,174],"effectively":[34],"overcomes":[35],"downside":[37],"current":[40],"structure,":[42],"which":[43],"uses":[44],"Boolean":[45],"creating":[48],"diversity":[49],"in":[50,127,201],"space.":[53],"First,":[54],"we":[55,86],"included":[56],"into":[59,98],"system":[61],"to":[62,68,81,90,170],"make":[63],"bipolar":[65,93],"structure":[66],"change":[67],"continuous":[69],"while":[70],"keeping":[71],"its":[72,91],"structure.":[74],"Then,":[75],"Genetic":[77],"Algorithm":[78],"is":[79],"employed":[80],"optimise":[82],"solution.":[84],"Finally,":[85],"return":[87],"answer":[89],"initial":[92],"form":[94],"casting":[96],"it":[97],"framework":[100],"hybrid":[103,121],"function":[104],"between":[105],"two":[107],"procedures.":[108],"suggested":[110],"network\u2019s":[111],"performance":[112],"was":[113],"trained":[114],"validated":[116],"using":[117],"Matlab":[118],"2020b.":[119],"techniques":[122],"significantly":[123],"obtain":[124],"better":[125],"results":[126],"terms":[128],"error":[130],"analysis,":[131,135],"efficiency":[132],"evaluation,":[133],"energy":[134],"similarity":[136],"index,":[137],"computational":[139],"time.":[140],"outcomes":[142],"validate":[143],"significance":[145],"results,":[148],"this":[150],"comes":[151],"from":[152],"fact":[154],"model":[158],"has":[159],"positive":[161],"impact.":[162],"information":[164,176],"concepts":[166],"will":[167],"be":[168],"used":[169],"develop":[171],"an":[172],"efficient":[173],"gathering":[177],"for":[178,197],"subsequent":[180],"investigation.":[181],"development":[184],"with":[189],"presents":[193],"viable":[195],"strategy":[196],"mining":[199],"applications":[200],"future.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}