{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312127585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11120713","title":"Relationship Assessment of COVID-19, Air Pollution, and Copper Demand from the Perspective of Copper Price","display_name":"Relationship Assessment of COVID-19, Air Pollution, and Copper Demand from the Perspective of Copper Price","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312127585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11120713"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms11120713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11120713","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/11/12/713/pdf?version=1671589548","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/11/12/713/pdf?version=1671589548","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040116143","display_name":"Raofeng Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1576-0659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153806059","display_name":"Shanghai Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/05kf5z787","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153806059"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raofeng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Professional Finance and Accountancy, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai 200235, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Professional Finance and Accountancy, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai 200235, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153806059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011354844","display_name":"Chin\u2010Chao Hung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80327900","display_name":"Chang Jung Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02s3d7j94","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80327900"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Chao Hung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Finance, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711301, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Finance, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711301, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80327900"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009965389","display_name":"Zong-Han Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-4208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126145234","display_name":"Chaoyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xwksx09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zong-Han Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Finance, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413310, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Finance, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413310, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100687512","display_name":"Wei\u2010Ting Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-3337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127821","display_name":"Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management","ror":"https://ror.org/03j9dwf95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127821"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Ting Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cosmetic Application & Management, St. Mary\u2019s Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan 26644, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cosmetic Application & Management, St. Mary\u2019s Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan 26644, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127821"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009965389"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.2059,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67927303,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"12","first_page":"713","last_page":"713"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11059","display_name":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11059","display_name":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12617","display_name":"Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies","score":0.9544000029563904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/futures-contract","display_name":"Futures contract","score":0.8050296902656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper","display_name":"Copper","score":0.7142268419265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smelting","display_name":"Smelting","score":0.5946080684661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commodity","display_name":"Commodity","score":0.5292282104492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.4891062378883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pollution","display_name":"Pollution","score":0.47340095043182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-resource-economics","display_name":"Natural resource economics","score":0.4682648777961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.39755919575691223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3598068952560425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metallurgy","display_name":"Metallurgy","score":0.16986006498336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.14689317345619202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-economics","display_name":"Financial economics","score":0.10176250338554382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.09718304872512817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-economy","display_name":"Market economy","score":0.09254616498947144}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106306483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183984","display_name":"Futures contract","level":2,"score":0.8050296902656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544778455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753","display_name":"Copper","level":2,"score":0.7142268419265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157247726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748405","display_name":"Smelting","level":2,"score":0.5946080684661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088","display_name":"Commodity","level":2,"score":0.5292282104492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.4891062378883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521259446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Pollution","level":2,"score":0.47340095043182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.4682648777961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.39755919575691223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3598068952560425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.16986006498336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14689317345619202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.10176250338554382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09718304872512817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.09254616498947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms11120713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11120713","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/11/12/713/pdf?version=1671589548","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:16a5379e35e14dfe8de65dff3a7b6fb7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/16a5379e35e14dfe8de65dff3a7b6fb7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Axioms, Vol 11, Iss 12, p 713 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2075-1680/11/12/713/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11120713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms11120713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11120713","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/11/12/713/pdf?version=1671589548","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312127585.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312127585.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1430104041","https://openalex.org/W1596178123","https://openalex.org/W1814344169","https://openalex.org/W1991004523","https://openalex.org/W2021680742","https://openalex.org/W2033735274","https://openalex.org/W2034143732","https://openalex.org/W2061421142","https://openalex.org/W2074173695","https://openalex.org/W2074433880","https://openalex.org/W2078537469","https://openalex.org/W2084980758","https://openalex.org/W2091284096","https://openalex.org/W2092331496","https://openalex.org/W2106965518","https://openalex.org/W2133352264","https://openalex.org/W2164498668","https://openalex.org/W2167358153","https://openalex.org/W2269076062","https://openalex.org/W2354352639","https://openalex.org/W2537920852","https://openalex.org/W2575913013","https://openalex.org/W2614153765","https://openalex.org/W2766606194","https://openalex.org/W2793362618","https://openalex.org/W2901874956","https://openalex.org/W3029555477","https://openalex.org/W3048913746","https://openalex.org/W3094125655","https://openalex.org/W3113182145","https://openalex.org/W3121346496","https://openalex.org/W3121446522","https://openalex.org/W3122079635","https://openalex.org/W3123959487","https://openalex.org/W3129663176","https://openalex.org/W3167948883","https://openalex.org/W4292291427","https://openalex.org/W6756968160"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080194917","https://openalex.org/W2230611034","https://openalex.org/W2494020708","https://openalex.org/W4387762087","https://openalex.org/W2069474937","https://openalex.org/W3124189739","https://openalex.org/W2090424917","https://openalex.org/W1539109379","https://openalex.org/W3124292700","https://openalex.org/W2100954101"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Copper":[0,25],"in":[1,50,55,76,171,175,242],"the":[2,13,19,37,60,77,85,96,100,105,111,122,142,153,159,165,183,185,188,194,197,202,208,211,213,216,226],"international":[3],"market":[4,131],"has":[5,132,237],"been":[6],"priced":[7],"by":[8,145],"copper":[9,56,64,78,125,139,146,162,191,218],"futures":[10,130,167,190,219],"contracts":[11],"from":[12],"London":[14],"Metal":[15],"Exchange":[16,23,205],"(LME)":[17],"and":[18,45,90,127,141,169,223,228],"New":[20],"York":[21],"Commodity":[22],"(COMEX).":[24],"prices":[26,163],"initially":[27],"showed":[28],"a":[29,47,67],"downward":[30],"trend":[31],"until":[32],"March":[33],"2020,":[34],"but":[35,199],"after":[36],"outbreak":[38,209],"of":[39,63,70,84,110,121,161,187,210,215],"COVID-19,":[40],"they":[41],"continued":[42,115],"to":[43,104,116,157],"rise":[44,54],"reached":[46],"record":[48],"high":[49],"May":[51],"2021.":[52],"The":[53,81],"demand":[57],"also":[58],"stimulated":[59],"continuous":[61],"growth":[62],"production.":[65],"However,":[66],"significant":[68],"amount":[69],"smelting":[71,79],"flue":[72,86],"gas":[73,87],"is":[74,88],"produced":[75],"process.":[80],"main":[82],"component":[83],"SO2":[89,236],"other":[91],"acid":[92],"gases,":[93],"which":[94],"pollute":[95],"environmental":[97],"atmosphere.":[98],"At":[99],"same":[101,195],"time,":[102],"due":[103],"Chinese":[106],"government\u2019s":[107],"effective":[108],"control":[109],"pandemic,":[112,184,212],"China\u2019s":[113,129,172],"economy":[114],"grow.":[117],"Therefore,":[118],"as":[119,196],"one":[120],"world\u2019s":[123],"largest":[124],"consumers":[126],"producers,":[128],"attracted":[133],"attention":[134],"for":[135],"its":[136],"influence":[137,160,186,214],"on":[138,164],"pricing":[140],"pollution":[143,174,241],"caused":[144,238],"smelting.":[147],"In":[148],"this":[149],"paper,":[150],"we":[151],"used":[152],"grey":[154],"entropy":[155],"method":[156],"compare":[158],"three":[166],"markets":[168],"changes":[170],"air":[173,240],"recent":[176,243],"years.":[177,244],"Our":[178],"results":[179],"show":[180],"that":[181,235],"before":[182],"LME":[189,227],"price":[192,220],"was":[193],"COMEX":[198],"greater":[200],"than":[201],"Shanghai":[203],"Futures":[204],"(SHFE).":[206],"After":[207],"SHFE":[217],"significantly":[221],"improved":[222],"slightly":[224],"exceeded":[225],"COMEX.":[229],"This":[230],"result":[231],"echoes":[232],"our":[233],"finding":[234],"serious":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
