{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4296992894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11100491","title":"CRA: Identifying Key Classes Using Markov-Chain-Based Ranking Aggregation","display_name":"CRA: Identifying Key Classes Using Markov-Chain-Based Ranking Aggregation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4296992894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11100491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms11100491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11100491","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/11/10/491/pdf?version=1666604693","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/11/10/491/pdf?version=1666604693","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018243964","display_name":"Xin Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0356-623X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0356-623X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019513297","display_name":"Weifeng Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6355-1385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weifeng Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6355-1385","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029278506","display_name":"Bo Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-1810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090136943","display_name":"Luyun Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luyun Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080916162","display_name":"Yun Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9634-7612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011673430","display_name":"Chengxiang Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengxiang Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000677095","display_name":"Yiming Xiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management and E-Business, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management and E-Business, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000677095"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.9359,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80804586,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"491","last_page":"491"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9842000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9616000056266785,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.8152258992195129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.7932764887809753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7187759876251221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5882424712181091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5786920785903931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5662436485290527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5418364405632019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.5174382328987122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5130382776260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5044904947280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.4853309690952301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-metric","display_name":"Software metric","score":0.46566343307495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3734589219093323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2946360111236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.23610422015190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18225306272506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.1792530119419098}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.8152258992195129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.7932764887809753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7187759876251221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5882424712181091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5786920785903931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5662436485290527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5418364405632019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.5174382328987122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5130382776260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5044904947280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4853309690952301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82214349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657339","display_name":"Software metric","level":5,"score":0.46566343307495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3734589219093323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2946360111236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.23610422015190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18225306272506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.1792530119419098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms11100491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11100491","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/11/10/491/pdf?version=1666604693","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ba63fa10178947379ab3bb8a004caa29","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ba63fa10178947379ab3bb8a004caa29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Axioms, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 491 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2075-1680/11/10/491/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11100491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Axioms; Volume 11; Issue 10; Pages: 491","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/axioms11100491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11100491","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/11/10/491/pdf?version=1666604693","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173132","display_name":"Axioms","issn_l":"2075-1680","issn":["2075-1680"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Axioms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2774812449","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272412","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4450746627","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u5c42\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"LY22F020007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6134627929","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61832014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6557933390","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LY21F020002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6786717514","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62032010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8640782065","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019C01004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296992894.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296992894.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1575844567","https://openalex.org/W1965238604","https://openalex.org/W1970913835","https://openalex.org/W2060881513","https://openalex.org/W2065935256","https://openalex.org/W2066636486","https://openalex.org/W2084668738","https://openalex.org/W2110211228","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2117495845","https://openalex.org/W2133131640","https://openalex.org/W2137474386","https://openalex.org/W2143232930","https://openalex.org/W2145416273","https://openalex.org/W2165466912","https://openalex.org/W2343329762","https://openalex.org/W2363502047","https://openalex.org/W2767190431","https://openalex.org/W2887811639","https://openalex.org/W2967497827","https://openalex.org/W2980135568","https://openalex.org/W3161581143","https://openalex.org/W4225158938","https://openalex.org/W4226379277","https://openalex.org/W4226430711","https://openalex.org/W4237217008","https://openalex.org/W4293511957","https://openalex.org/W4295073924","https://openalex.org/W6667169455","https://openalex.org/W7067432068"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2188500270","https://openalex.org/W2303858293","https://openalex.org/W2915512527","https://openalex.org/W51364034","https://openalex.org/W2793336762","https://openalex.org/W1660242800","https://openalex.org/W2091548507","https://openalex.org/W2368816706","https://openalex.org/W3159414774","https://openalex.org/W3160516639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Researchers":[0],"have":[1],"proposed":[2],"many":[3],"approaches":[4,32,100,177],"to":[5,34,55,92,103,114,122,153,192,196],"identify":[6],"key":[7,72,164],"classes":[8,59,142,160],"in":[9,63,143,148],"software":[10,95,145],"from":[11],"the":[12,42,50,57,94,119,124,128,141,144,154,158,168,193,197,201],"perspective":[13],"of":[14,44,52,182,200],"complex":[15],"networks,":[16],"such":[17],"as":[18,163],"CONN-TOTAL-W,":[19],"PageRankBR,":[20],"and":[21,96,117,136,157],"ElementRank,":[22],"which":[23],"can":[24],"effectively":[25],"help":[26],"developers":[27],"understand":[28],"software.":[29,183],"However,":[30],"these":[31],"tend":[33],"rely":[35],"on":[36,101,179],"a":[37,71,85,133,149],"single":[38],"metric":[39],"when":[40],"measuring":[41],"importance":[43],"classes.":[45,165],"They":[46],"do":[47],"not":[48,138],"consider":[49],"aggregation":[51],"multiple":[53],"metrics":[54,112],"select":[56],"winner":[58],"that":[60,187],"rank":[61],"high":[62],"majority":[64],"metrics.":[65,126],"In":[66],"this":[67],"work,":[68],"we":[69,171],"propose":[70],"class":[73,88,105],"identification":[74],"approach":[75,189],"using":[76],"Markov-Chain-based":[77],"ranking":[78,199],"aggregation,":[79],"namely":[80],"CRA.":[81],"First,":[82],"CRA":[83,108,169],"constructs":[84],"weighted":[86],"directed":[87],"coupling":[89],"network":[90],"(WDCCNet)":[91],"describe":[93],"further":[97],"applies":[98],"existing":[99],"WDCCNet":[102],"calculate":[104],"importance.":[106],"Second,":[107],"filters":[109],"out":[110],"some":[111],"according":[113,152,195],"specific":[115],"rules":[116],"uses":[118],"Markov":[120],"chain":[121],"aggregate":[123],"remaining":[125],"When":[127],"state":[129],"probability":[130,155],"distribution":[131],"reaches":[132],"fixed":[134],"point":[135],"does":[137],"change":[139],"anymore,":[140],"are":[146,161],"sorted":[147],"descending":[150],"order":[151],"distribution,":[156],"top-15%":[159],"treated":[162],"To":[166],"evaluate":[167],"approach,":[170],"compare":[172],"it":[173],"with":[174],"10":[175],"baseline":[176],"available":[178],"6":[180],"pieces":[181],"Empirical":[184],"results":[185],"show":[186],"our":[188],"is":[190],"superior":[191],"baselines":[194],"average":[198],"Friedman":[202],"Test.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2022-09-25T00:00:00"}