{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2341508025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a9020025","title":"Primary User Localization Algorithm Based on Compressive Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks","display_name":"Primary User Localization Algorithm Based on Compressive Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2341508025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a9020025","mag":"2341508025"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a9020025","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a9020025","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/9/2/25/pdf?version=1460616137","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/9/2/25/pdf?version=1460616137","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058724773","display_name":"Fang Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6324-2766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102943278","display_name":"Xun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1203-6732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1203-6732","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057732632","display_name":"Yibing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-982X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yibing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034304352","display_name":"Hui Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3212-0544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057732632"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.744,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74320358,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"25","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.7947492599487305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.7044097781181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6964415907859802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.6676360368728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6483711004257202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.6215232014656067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressed-sensing","display_name":"Compressed sensing","score":0.5841444730758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.4761369526386261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.4325904846191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.4112464189529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2533237934112549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2183786928653717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1988590955734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1498190462589264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.07552596926689148}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.7947492599487305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.7044097781181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6964415907859802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6676360368728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6483711004257202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6215232014656067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124851039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665459","display_name":"Compressed sensing","level":2,"score":0.5841444730758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4761369526386261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4325904846191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4112464189529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2533237934112549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2183786928653717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1988590955734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1498190462589264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.07552596926689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a9020025","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a9020025","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/9/2/25/pdf?version=1460616137","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3456685734b146b99d60b38009da13b1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3456685734b146b99d60b38009da13b1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 9, Iss 2, p 25 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/9/2/25/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a9020025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms; Volume 9; Issue 2; Pages: 25","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a9020025","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a9020025","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/9/2/25/pdf?version=1460616137","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1794576960","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u6697\u539f\u8272\u5148\u9a8c\u539f\u7406\u7684\u7279\u5927\u578b\u77ff\u4e95\u7c89\u5c18\u5206\u5e03\u76d1\u6d4b\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"51374099","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3039446098","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51374099","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3524565808","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61301095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5348932046","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61301095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7649060572","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"F201345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G899697020","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"F201345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2341508025.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2341508025.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968504655","https://openalex.org/W1979638981","https://openalex.org/W1988543519","https://openalex.org/W1993478093","https://openalex.org/W2011683472","https://openalex.org/W2089664934","https://openalex.org/W2093701766","https://openalex.org/W2095803340","https://openalex.org/W2104266187","https://openalex.org/W2106892069","https://openalex.org/W2134438421","https://openalex.org/W2166152633","https://openalex.org/W2168078104","https://openalex.org/W2169762591","https://openalex.org/W2169833134","https://openalex.org/W2170207829","https://openalex.org/W2170447857","https://openalex.org/W2375078749","https://openalex.org/W3103263186","https://openalex.org/W3149787267","https://openalex.org/W6642229719"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381926679","https://openalex.org/W2559261346","https://openalex.org/W4280609833","https://openalex.org/W4235820682","https://openalex.org/W185479762","https://openalex.org/W2136943174","https://openalex.org/W2007009951","https://openalex.org/W1973979964","https://openalex.org/W2158224665","https://openalex.org/W4246064491"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,33],"order":[1],"to":[2,35,101],"locate":[3],"source":[4,50,67,77,103],"signal":[5,51,68,78],"more":[6],"accurately":[7],"in":[8,23,30],"authorized":[9],"frequency":[10],"bands,":[11],"a":[12],"novel":[13],"primary":[14],"user":[15],"localization":[16],"algorithm":[17,123],"based":[18,83],"on":[19,84],"compressive":[20,85],"sensing":[21,86],"(PU-CSL)":[22],"cognitive":[24],"radio":[25],"networks":[26],"(CRNs)":[27],"is":[28,58,81,98],"proposed":[29,121],"this":[31],"paper.":[32],"comparison":[34],"existing":[36],"centroid":[37,92,96],"locating":[38,43],"algorithms,":[39],"PU-CSL":[40,109,122],"shows":[41],"higher":[42],"accuracy":[44,127],"for":[45,61],"integrally":[46],"exploring":[47],"correlation":[48,75],"between":[49,76],"and":[52,79,116,128],"secondary":[53],"users":[54],"(SUs).":[55],"Energy":[56],"detection":[57],"first":[59],"adopted":[60],"collecting":[62],"the":[63,120],"energy":[64],"fingerprint":[65],"of":[66,74,91,114],"at":[69],"each":[70],"SU,":[71],"then":[72],"degree":[73],"SUs":[80],"reconstructed":[82],"(CS),":[87],"which":[88],"determines":[89],"weights":[90],"coordinates.":[93],"A":[94],"weighted":[95],"scheme":[97],"finally":[99],"utilized":[100],"estimate":[102],"position.":[104],"Simulation":[105],"results":[106],"show":[107],"that":[108],"has":[110],"smaller":[111],"maximum":[112],"error":[113],"positioning":[115],"root-mean-square":[117],"error.":[118],"Moreover,":[119],"possess":[124],"excellent":[125],"location":[126],"strong":[129],"anti-noise":[130],"performance.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}