{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1987805053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a6010136","title":"Algorithms for Non-Negatively Constrained Maximum Penalized Likelihood Reconstruction in Tomographic Imaging","display_name":"Algorithms for Non-Negatively Constrained Maximum Penalized Likelihood Reconstruction in Tomographic Imaging","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1987805053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a6010136","mag":"1987805053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a6010136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a6010136","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/6/1/136/pdf?version=1363099758","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/6/1/136/pdf?version=1363099758","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101851474","display_name":"Jun Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4551-203X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99043593","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jun Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101851474"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08516277,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"136","last_page":"160"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.7186715006828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-problem","display_name":"Inverse problem","score":0.6086231470108032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6077275276184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5562338829040527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomographic-reconstruction","display_name":"Tomographic reconstruction","score":0.5222057700157166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.4996199607849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4887504577636719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.47634533047676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4734085500240326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47276240587234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4702918529510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.4551531970500946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45074325799942017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.43441444635391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.411682665348053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.35931825637817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3574818968772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.21187767386436462}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.7186715006828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135252773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567213","display_name":"Inverse problem","level":2,"score":0.6086231470108032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6077275276184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5562338829040527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97742081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7820109","display_name":"Tomographic reconstruction","level":3,"score":0.5222057700157166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.4996199607849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4887504577636719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.47634533047676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4734085500240326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47276240587234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4702918529510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.4551531970500946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45074325799942017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.43441444635391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.411682665348053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.35931825637817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3574818968772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.21187767386436462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a6010136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a6010136","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/6/1/136/pdf?version=1363099758","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8168751e751948bb8dead4b59191f39e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8168751e751948bb8dead4b59191f39e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 136-160 (2013)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/6/1/136/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a6010136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms; Volume 6; Issue 1; Pages: 136-160","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a6010136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a6010136","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/6/1/136/pdf?version=1363099758","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1987805053.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1987805053.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1647554959","https://openalex.org/W1967581593","https://openalex.org/W1970820012","https://openalex.org/W1976419543","https://openalex.org/W1978153144","https://openalex.org/W1978351899","https://openalex.org/W1988405090","https://openalex.org/W1992065047","https://openalex.org/W1998950435","https://openalex.org/W2003663624","https://openalex.org/W2005245664","https://openalex.org/W2024484939","https://openalex.org/W2024961026","https://openalex.org/W2039284087","https://openalex.org/W2049009963","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2049717418","https://openalex.org/W2058916297","https://openalex.org/W2058956138","https://openalex.org/W2062671282","https://openalex.org/W2065742895","https://openalex.org/W2069629287","https://openalex.org/W2072634211","https://openalex.org/W2077661028","https://openalex.org/W2090963365","https://openalex.org/W2094316886","https://openalex.org/W2099569385","https://openalex.org/W2100627728","https://openalex.org/W2102551938","https://openalex.org/W2103215959","https://openalex.org/W2103559027","https://openalex.org/W2104455572","https://openalex.org/W2108078594","https://openalex.org/W2110733023","https://openalex.org/W2121117017","https://openalex.org/W2130879369","https://openalex.org/W2135653331","https://openalex.org/W2142419873","https://openalex.org/W2152708992","https://openalex.org/W2153172062","https://openalex.org/W2155969596","https://openalex.org/W2156523995","https://openalex.org/W2156612134","https://openalex.org/W2165399609","https://openalex.org/W2167036988","https://openalex.org/W2167890826","https://openalex.org/W2168530812","https://openalex.org/W2905059200","https://openalex.org/W3121862927","https://openalex.org/W3193262203","https://openalex.org/W4213381589","https://openalex.org/W4245883374","https://openalex.org/W4299564810","https://openalex.org/W6636952455","https://openalex.org/W6674725953","https://openalex.org/W6679403118","https://openalex.org/W6693927924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107386309","https://openalex.org/W2545869789","https://openalex.org/W2141090006","https://openalex.org/W2119781147","https://openalex.org/W2982317495","https://openalex.org/W1964555484","https://openalex.org/W3048932468","https://openalex.org/W2088308468","https://openalex.org/W170151271","https://openalex.org/W2017732498"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"reconstruction":[1,15,44],"is":[2],"a":[3,20],"key":[4],"component":[5],"in":[6,74],"many":[7],"medical":[8],"imaging":[9],"modalities.":[10],"The":[11],"problem":[12,23],"of":[13],"image":[14,27],"can":[16],"be":[17],"viewed":[18],"as":[19],"special":[21],"inverse":[22],"where":[24,64],"the":[25,33,37],"unknown":[26],"pixel":[28,72],"intensities":[29,73],"are":[30,39,46,67],"estimated":[31],"from":[32],"observed":[34],"measurements.":[35],"Since":[36],"measurements":[38,66],"usually":[40],"noise":[41],"contaminated,":[42],"statistical":[43],"methods":[45],"preferred.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"paper":[50],"we":[51],"review":[52],"some":[53],"non-negatively":[54],"constrained":[55],"simultaneous":[56],"iterative":[57],"algorithms":[58],"for":[59],"maximum":[60],"penalized":[61],"likelihood":[62],"reconstructions,":[63],"all":[65,71],"used":[68],"to":[69],"estimate":[70],"each":[75],"iteration.":[76]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}