{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012545248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2041503","title":"Image Similarity to Improve the Classification of Breast Cancer Images","display_name":"Image Similarity to Improve the Classification of Breast Cancer Images","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012545248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2041503","mag":"2012545248"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a2041503","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2041503","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/4/1503/pdf?version=1259674978","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/4/1503/pdf?version=1259674978","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059670557","display_name":"Dave Tahmoush","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dave Tahmoush","raw_affiliation_strings":["US Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"US Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059670557"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.4362,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71434854,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"1503","last_page":"1525"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9753000140190125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"Breast cancer","score":0.7266687154769897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7100455164909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6842899322509766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6408604383468628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.619356632232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.5986279845237732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4962363839149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.48971179127693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.4856683015823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mammography","display_name":"Mammography","score":0.4852606952190399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4728562831878662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.44629722833633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.38776347041130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.17728015780448914}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.7266687154769897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7100455164909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6842899322509766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6408604383468628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.619356632232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5986279845237732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4962363839149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.48971179127693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.4856683015823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324634","display_name":"Mammography","level":4,"score":0.4852606952190399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4728562831878662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.44629722833633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.38776347041130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17728015780448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a2041503","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2041503","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/4/1503/pdf?version=1259674978","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6e6edbe4b8684cff83869a2686dd24ea","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6e6edbe4b8684cff83869a2686dd24ea","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 2, Iss 4, Pp 1503-1525 (2009)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a2041503","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2041503","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/4/1503/pdf?version=1259674978","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2012545248.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2012545248.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41027960","https://openalex.org/W90970466","https://openalex.org/W1517000105","https://openalex.org/W1519129320","https://openalex.org/W1966708258","https://openalex.org/W1972202666","https://openalex.org/W1972311232","https://openalex.org/W1975830550","https://openalex.org/W1980673418","https://openalex.org/W1991691155","https://openalex.org/W1992817318","https://openalex.org/W1997572531","https://openalex.org/W2002153343","https://openalex.org/W2002811962","https://openalex.org/W2020216156","https://openalex.org/W2023392037","https://openalex.org/W2026925394","https://openalex.org/W2029030112","https://openalex.org/W2029106704","https://openalex.org/W2030069582","https://openalex.org/W2042068407","https://openalex.org/W2061993166","https://openalex.org/W2065564800","https://openalex.org/W2067485484","https://openalex.org/W2069172368","https://openalex.org/W2075536944","https://openalex.org/W2076748039","https://openalex.org/W2078710233","https://openalex.org/W2086005837","https://openalex.org/W2088066256","https://openalex.org/W2103078563","https://openalex.org/W2103233037","https://openalex.org/W2107775699","https://openalex.org/W2113115183","https://openalex.org/W2130184842","https://openalex.org/W2135374202","https://openalex.org/W2137190664","https://openalex.org/W2137393470","https://openalex.org/W2137475834","https://openalex.org/W2143514800","https://openalex.org/W2149866124","https://openalex.org/W2157875785","https://openalex.org/W2160602762","https://openalex.org/W2165220614","https://openalex.org/W2168805745","https://openalex.org/W2507040328","https://openalex.org/W2533612901","https://openalex.org/W3148595793","https://openalex.org/W4239101568","https://openalex.org/W4244934246"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2385859805","https://openalex.org/W2530972254","https://openalex.org/W1514924336","https://openalex.org/W2374013449","https://openalex.org/W73545470","https://openalex.org/W4298130764","https://openalex.org/W2364381299","https://openalex.org/W2002967116","https://openalex.org/W2804364458","https://openalex.org/W2374430585"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Techniques":[0],"in":[1,18,63,96,145,154],"image":[2,52,127],"similarity":[3],"can":[4,189],"be":[5],"used":[6,144],"to":[7,31,43,60,72,115,132,156,177,184],"improve":[8],"the":[9,19,47,51,56,90,109,134,137,141,164,171,185],"classification":[10,35],"of":[11,25,36,50,83,98,102,108,163],"breast":[12,113,191],"cancer":[13,16,40,62,71,84,192],"images.":[14,75,186],"Breast":[15],"images":[17,37,101,114],"mammogram":[20],"modality":[21],"have":[22],"an":[23,179],"abundance":[24],"non-cancerous":[26],"structures":[27],"that":[28,70,149,181],"are":[29,77,143],"similar":[30],"cancer,":[32],"which":[33,89,105],"make":[34],"as":[38],"containing":[39],"especially":[41],"difficult":[42],"work":[44],"with.":[45],"Only":[46],"cancerous":[48],"part":[49],"is":[53,130,167,182],"relevant,":[54],"so":[55],"techniques":[57],"must":[58,92],"learn":[59],"recognize":[61],"noisy":[64],"mammograms":[65],"and":[66,111,120,136,140,174,198],"extract":[67],"features":[68,119],"from":[69],"appropriately":[73],"classify":[74],"There":[76],"also":[78],"many":[79],"types":[80],"or":[81],"classes":[82],"with":[85,170],"different":[86],"characteristics":[87],"over":[88],"system":[91],"work.":[93],"Mammograms":[94],"come":[95],"sets":[97],"four,":[99],"two":[100],"each":[103],"breast,":[104],"enables":[106],"comparison":[107],"left":[110],"right":[112],"help":[116],"determine":[117],"relevant":[118,183],"remove":[121],"irrelevant":[122],"features.":[123],"In":[124],"this":[125],"work,":[126],"feature":[128,138],"clustering":[129,173],"done":[131],"reduce":[133],"noise":[135],"space,":[139],"results":[142],"a":[146,151,158],"distance":[147,165],"function":[148,166],"uses":[150],"learned":[152,168],"threshold":[153,161],"order":[155],"produce":[157,178],"classification.":[159],"The":[160],"parameter":[162],"simultaneously":[169],"underlying":[172],"then":[175],"integrated":[176],"agglomeration":[180],"This":[187],"technique":[188],"diagnose":[190],"more":[193],"accurately":[194],"than":[195],"commercial":[196],"systems":[197],"other":[199],"published":[200],"results.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
