{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1974122280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2041473","title":"Predicting Radiological Panel Opinions Using a Panel of Machine Learning Classifiers","display_name":"Predicting Radiological Panel Opinions Using a Panel of Machine Learning Classifiers","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1974122280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2041473","mag":"1974122280"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a2041473","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2041473","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/4/1473/pdf?version=1259586427","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/4/1473/pdf?version=1259586427","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028371407","display_name":"Dmitriy Zinovev","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dmitriy Zinovev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Multimedia Processing Laboratory, College of Computing and Digital Media, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Multimedia Processing Laboratory, College of Computing and Digital Media, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005267835","display_name":"Daniela Raicu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-7234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniela Raicu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Multimedia Processing Laboratory, College of Computing and Digital Media, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Multimedia Processing Laboratory, College of Computing and Digital Media, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001027068","display_name":"Jacob Furst","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Furst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Multimedia Processing Laboratory, College of Computing and Digital Media, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Multimedia Processing Laboratory, College of Computing and Digital Media, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60604, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000694161","display_name":"Samuel G. Armato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5428-7997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel  G. Armato III","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028371407"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":76.5574,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99875973,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"1473","last_page":"1502"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13910","display_name":"Computational and Text Analysis Methods","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13910","display_name":"Computational and Text Analysis Methods","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9279999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiological-weapon","display_name":"Radiological weapon","score":0.7256083488464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.649502158164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5950288772583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5761749744415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panel-data","display_name":"Panel data","score":0.4288574457168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.21030661463737488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19230136275291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10622799396514893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.08839592337608337}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190892606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3512464","display_name":"Radiological weapon","level":2,"score":0.7256083488464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.649502158164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5950288772583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5761749744415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.4288574457168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.21030661463737488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19230136275291443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10622799396514893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.08839592337608337}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a2041473","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2041473","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/4/1473/pdf?version=1259586427","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:74ed924451d04a37b1e86566535d504b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/74ed924451d04a37b1e86566535d504b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 2, Iss 4, Pp 1473-1502 (2009)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/2/4/1473/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a2041473","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms; Volume 2; Issue 4; Pages: 1473-1502","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a2041473","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2041473","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/4/1473/pdf?version=1259586427","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1974122280.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1974122280.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1444168786","https://openalex.org/W1479807131","https://openalex.org/W1966519843","https://openalex.org/W1969870772","https://openalex.org/W1974165720","https://openalex.org/W1975879668","https://openalex.org/W1980483305","https://openalex.org/W2008917955","https://openalex.org/W2009840527","https://openalex.org/W2016621860","https://openalex.org/W2030892080","https://openalex.org/W2037789405","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2060576022","https://openalex.org/W2068439723","https://openalex.org/W2074911873","https://openalex.org/W2078450095","https://openalex.org/W2079214331","https://openalex.org/W2098203240","https://openalex.org/W2104418254","https://openalex.org/W2107170489","https://openalex.org/W2108708486","https://openalex.org/W2112152410","https://openalex.org/W2122692815","https://openalex.org/W2127388205","https://openalex.org/W2130759379","https://openalex.org/W2132166479","https://openalex.org/W2133983243","https://openalex.org/W2134473739","https://openalex.org/W2136325898","https://openalex.org/W2150954465","https://openalex.org/W2153021189","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2317305062","https://openalex.org/W2324026571","https://openalex.org/W2624399107","https://openalex.org/W4294214797","https://openalex.org/W6628505203","https://openalex.org/W6675056011"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,28],"uses":[2,64],"an":[3],"ensemble":[4,51,121],"of":[5,15,18,52,62,68,119,122,129],"classifiers":[6,32,53,123],"and":[7,48,77,98],"active":[8,84],"learning":[9,31,85],"strategies":[10],"to":[11,79,102,143],"predict":[12,80],"radiologists\u2019":[13,94],"assessment":[14],"the":[16,19,27,69,87,107,116,120,127,134],"nodules":[17,70,91,104],"Lung":[20],"Image":[21],"Database":[22],"Consortium":[23],"(LIDC).":[24],"In":[25,133],"particular,":[26],"presents":[29],"machine":[30],"that":[33],"model":[34],"agreement":[35],"among":[36,146],"ratings":[37,96],"in":[38],"seven":[39],"semantic":[40,81,95],"characteristics:":[41],"spiculation,":[42],"lobulation,":[43],"texture,":[44,76],"sphericity,":[45],"margin,":[46],"subtlety,":[47],"malignancy.":[49],"The":[50,83],"(which":[54],"can":[55,140],"be":[56,141],"considered":[57],"as":[58],"a":[59,130,152],"computer":[60],"panel":[61],"experts)":[63],"64":[65],"image":[66],"features":[67],"across":[71],"four":[72],"categories":[73],"(shape,":[74],"intensity,":[75],"size)":[78],"characteristics.":[82],"begins":[86],"training":[88],"phase":[89],"with":[90],"on":[92,105],"which":[93,106],"agree,":[97],"incrementally":[99],"learns":[100],"how":[101],"classify":[103],"radiologists":[108],"do":[109],"not":[110],"agree.":[111],"Using":[112],"our":[113,137],"proposed":[114,138],"approach,":[115],"classification":[117],"accuracy":[118,128],"is":[124],"higher":[125],"than":[126],"single":[131],"classifier.":[132],"long":[135],"run,":[136],"approach":[139],"used":[142],"increase":[144],"consistency":[145],"radiological":[147],"interpretations":[148],"by":[149],"providing":[150],"physicians":[151],"\u201csecond":[153],"read\u201d.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
