{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2101016647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2010301","title":"Actual Pathogen Detection: Sensors and Algorithms - a Review","display_name":"Actual Pathogen Detection: Sensors and Algorithms - a Review","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2101016647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2010301","mag":"2101016647"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a2010301","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2010301","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/1/301/pdf?version=1236102756","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/1/301/pdf?version=1236102756","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110632684","display_name":"Federico Hahn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31466659","display_name":"Chapingo Autonomous University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ctjby61","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31466659"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Federico Hahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Irrigation Department, Universidad Autonoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 carr. Mexico-Texcoco, Texcoco, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Irrigation Department, Universidad Autonoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 carr. Mexico-Texcoco, Texcoco, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31466659"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110632684"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31466659"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":2.1032,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88515795,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"301","last_page":"338"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9763000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postharvest","display_name":"Postharvest","score":0.6540052890777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warning-system","display_name":"Warning system","score":0.47350671887397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4135453999042511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-engineering","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","score":0.3909003734588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology","display_name":"Biotechnology","score":0.3505355715751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33658677339553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.19586023688316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1933545172214508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horticulture","display_name":"Horticulture","score":0.16706585884094238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09168136119842529}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157670687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426933","display_name":"Postharvest","level":2,"score":0.6540052890777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29825287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427940","display_name":"Warning system","level":2,"score":0.47350671887397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4135453999042511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3909003734588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3505355715751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33658677339553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.19586023688316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1933545172214508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.16706585884094238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09168136119842529}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a2010301","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2010301","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/1/301/pdf?version=1236102756","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8ccea90c487e4e84bcbafc06df8402da","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8ccea90c487e4e84bcbafc06df8402da","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 301-338 (2009)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/2/1/301/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a2010301","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms; Volume 2; Issue 1; Pages: 301-338","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a2010301","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a2010301","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/2/1/301/pdf?version=1236102756","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2101016647.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2101016647.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":217,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57654897","https://openalex.org/W58962418","https://openalex.org/W75719807","https://openalex.org/W129516345","https://openalex.org/W142406109","https://openalex.org/W167454633","https://openalex.org/W240362147","https://openalex.org/W264076862","https://openalex.org/W284582312","https://openalex.org/W295695058","https://openalex.org/W336552251","https://openalex.org/W408305008","https://openalex.org/W625231695","https://openalex.org/W968282990","https://openalex.org/W1024293960","https://openalex.org/W1480376833","https://openalex.org/W1499255288","https://openalex.org/W1554944419","https://openalex.org/W1564923665","https://openalex.org/W1834307083","https://openalex.org/W1846616506","https://openalex.org/W1856958103","https://openalex.org/W1931154329","https://openalex.org/W1964329560","https://openalex.org/W1964678458","https://openalex.org/W1965093658","https://openalex.org/W1967145389","https://openalex.org/W1967255198","https://openalex.org/W1967610049","https://openalex.org/W1967720470","https://openalex.org/W1968167549","https://openalex.org/W1968401762","https://openalex.org/W1970683903","https://openalex.org/W1972664953","https://openalex.org/W1972703100","https://openalex.org/W1972804404","https://openalex.org/W1973731338","https://openalex.org/W1976377774","https://openalex.org/W1976594624","https://openalex.org/W1978077265","https://openalex.org/W1979013453","https://openalex.org/W1979151579","https://openalex.org/W1979640761","https://openalex.org/W1982493775","https://openalex.org/W1983127321","https://openalex.org/W1984395885","https://openalex.org/W1985197258","https://openalex.org/W1985958371","https://openalex.org/W1987602647","https://openalex.org/W1989339906","https://openalex.org/W1989352273","https://openalex.org/W1990995632","https://openalex.org/W1993890682","https://openalex.org/W1997589081","https://openalex.org/W1998902551","https://openalex.org/W2000621366","https://openalex.org/W2000804672","https://openalex.org/W2001451847","https://openalex.org/W2003043211","https://openalex.org/W2007409204","https://openalex.org/W2010616124","https://openalex.org/W2011443472","https://openalex.org/W2012324974","https://openalex.org/W2013210047","https://openalex.org/W2014279592","https://openalex.org/W2016156080","https://openalex.org/W2016160103","https://openalex.org/W2016588206","https://openalex.org/W2017093603","https://openalex.org/W2018104414","https://openalex.org/W2019298807","https://openalex.org/W2020205401","https://openalex.org/W2020931744","https://openalex.org/W2021838130","https://openalex.org/W2022506315","https://openalex.org/W2022801136","https://openalex.org/W2023847826","https://openalex.org/W2025984088","https://openalex.org/W2026561187","https://openalex.org/W2031126473","https://openalex.org/W2032457786","https://openalex.org/W2033465114","https://openalex.org/W2034604678","https://openalex.org/W2035220547","https://openalex.org/W2035401856","https://openalex.org/W2035449087","https://openalex.org/W2036003376","https://openalex.org/W2036747984","https://openalex.org/W2037313893","https://openalex.org/W2043245782","https://openalex.org/W2045180463","https://openalex.org/W2047058045","https://openalex.org/W2048975838","https://openalex.org/W2050321887","https://openalex.org/W2050855555","https://openalex.org/W2050900310","https://openalex.org/W2054934498","https://openalex.org/W2055126950","https://openalex.org/W2055266016","https://openalex.org/W2056260422","https://openalex.org/W2057055140","https://openalex.org/W2057676222","https://openalex.org/W2058991119","https://openalex.org/W2060890064","https://openalex.org/W2060982052","https://openalex.org/W2063285299","https://openalex.org/W2065703794","https://openalex.org/W2073344463","https://openalex.org/W2075755619","https://openalex.org/W2079972759","https://openalex.org/W2080968121","https://openalex.org/W2082119178","https://openalex.org/W2083500653","https://openalex.org/W2084130308","https://openalex.org/W2084625071","https://openalex.org/W2084630859","https://openalex.org/W2084641046","https://openalex.org/W2085408268","https://openalex.org/W2085782375","https://openalex.org/W2085880802","https://openalex.org/W2088632546","https://openalex.org/W2090193140","https://openalex.org/W2090314256","https://openalex.org/W2091650778","https://openalex.org/W2091901211","https://openalex.org/W2092088043","https://openalex.org/W2093334260","https://openalex.org/W2093602486","https://openalex.org/W2096608957","https://openalex.org/W2098836782","https://openalex.org/W2101628126","https://openalex.org/W2103098638","https://openalex.org/W2103496339","https://openalex.org/W2103867737","https://openalex.org/W2104236846","https://openalex.org/W2106916454","https://openalex.org/W2109404357","https://openalex.org/W2110860474","https://openalex.org/W2111711808","https://openalex.org/W2112263771","https://openalex.org/W2116551517","https://openalex.org/W2121493036","https://openalex.org/W2123684607","https://openalex.org/W2124697128","https://openalex.org/W2127371720","https://openalex.org/W2128887545","https://openalex.org/W2129469514","https://openalex.org/W2130945027","https://openalex.org/W2132437434","https://openalex.org/W2136107959","https://openalex.org/W2138712198","https://openalex.org/W2145099684","https://openalex.org/W2145106362","https://openalex.org/W2145119595","https://openalex.org/W2149622066","https://openalex.org/W2150140969","https://openalex.org/W2150594510","https://openalex.org/W2157467929","https://openalex.org/W2157471999","https://openalex.org/W2159367703","https://openalex.org/W2165916356","https://openalex.org/W2167238721","https://openalex.org/W2171530279","https://openalex.org/W2171974837","https://openalex.org/W2186497275","https://openalex.org/W2211067610","https://openalex.org/W2249018067","https://openalex.org/W2252886341","https://openalex.org/W2253090525","https://openalex.org/W2301631288","https://openalex.org/W2317368104","https://openalex.org/W2319262547","https://openalex.org/W2320191209","https://openalex.org/W2320504453","https://openalex.org/W2325567573","https://openalex.org/W2325909564","https://openalex.org/W2336482167","https://openalex.org/W2375026012","https://openalex.org/W2415252806","https://openalex.org/W2461775624","https://openalex.org/W2466218970","https://openalex.org/W2490142575","https://openalex.org/W2524866018","https://openalex.org/W2544377536","https://openalex.org/W2590249205","https://openalex.org/W2590569731","https://openalex.org/W2596956649","https://openalex.org/W2624344620","https://openalex.org/W2731084796","https://openalex.org/W2735289239","https://openalex.org/W2735319152","https://openalex.org/W2897388213","https://openalex.org/W3022841839","https://openalex.org/W3174810230","https://openalex.org/W4232681566","https://openalex.org/W4250753563","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602294303","https://openalex.org/W6603040683","https://openalex.org/W6610641780","https://openalex.org/W6611551780","https://openalex.org/W6614064147","https://openalex.org/W6626823671","https://openalex.org/W6650828548","https://openalex.org/W6663292061","https://openalex.org/W6673230843","https://openalex.org/W6674309053","https://openalex.org/W6674993760","https://openalex.org/W6681823663","https://openalex.org/W6691474832","https://openalex.org/W6719258413","https://openalex.org/W6720064226","https://openalex.org/W6723086940","https://openalex.org/W6734787568","https://openalex.org/W6986785083","https://openalex.org/W7052781492","https://openalex.org/W7053301699"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2359643675","https://openalex.org/W4390424254","https://openalex.org/W4243110937","https://openalex.org/W2624055430","https://openalex.org/W3141512175","https://openalex.org/W4247755507","https://openalex.org/W3166583931","https://openalex.org/W2110560018","https://openalex.org/W4237560127","https://openalex.org/W4205419082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pathogens":[0],"feed":[1],"on":[2,91],"fruits":[3,73],"and":[4,39,47,53,58,67,74,89,95,105,143,200,217,220],"vegetables":[5,75],"causing":[6],"great":[7],"food":[8,168],"losses":[9,22],"or":[10,27],"at":[11],"least":[12],"reduction":[13],"of":[14,23,56,158,214],"their":[15,80,137,148],"shelf":[16],"life.":[17],"These":[18],"pathogens":[19,88],"can":[20,114],"cause":[21],"the":[24,29,32,51,72,103,152,185,194,211],"final":[25],"product":[26],"in":[28,130,164],"farms":[30,92],"were":[31,69],"products":[33],"are":[34,98,106,111,122,141],"grown,":[35],"attacking":[36],"leaves,":[37],"stems":[38],"trees.":[40],"This":[41],"review":[42],"analyses":[43],"disease":[44,119,222,226],"detection":[45],"sensors":[46,166,188],"algorithms":[48,190,205],"for":[49,76,86,101,147,167,176,221,225],"both":[50],"farm":[52],"postharvest":[54],"management":[55],"fruit":[57,94,180],"vegetable":[59,96],"quality.":[60,169],"Mango,":[61],"avocado,":[62],"apple,":[63],"tomato,":[64],"potato,":[65],"citrus":[66],"grapes":[68],"selected":[70],"as":[71],"study":[77],"due":[78,209],"to":[79,191,210],"world-wide":[81],"consumption.":[82],"Disease":[83],"warning":[84,223],"systems":[85,121],"predicting":[87],"insects":[90],"during":[93],"production":[97],"commonly":[99],"used":[100,196],"all":[102],"crops":[104],"available":[107],"where":[108],"meteorological":[109],"stations":[110],"present.":[112],"It":[113],"be":[115,207],"seen":[116],"that":[117],"these":[118],"risk":[120],"being":[123,197],"slowly":[124],"replaced":[125],"by":[126,184],"remote":[127],"sensing":[128],"monitoring":[129],"developed":[131],"countries.":[132],"Satellite":[133],"images":[134],"have":[135],"reduced":[136],"temporal":[138],"resolution,":[139],"but":[140],"expensive":[142],"must":[144],"become":[145],"cheaper":[146],"use":[149],"world-wide.":[150],"In":[151],"last":[153],"30":[154],"years,":[155],"a":[156],"lot":[157],"research":[159],"has":[160,173],"been":[161,174],"carried":[162],"out":[163],"non-destructive":[165,171],"Actually,":[170],"technology":[172],"applied":[175],"sorting":[177],"high":[178,212],"quality":[179],"which":[181],"is":[182],"desired":[183],"consumer.":[186],"The":[187],"require":[189],"work":[192],"properly;":[193],"most":[195],"discriminant":[198],"analysis":[199],"training":[201],"neural":[202],"networks.":[203],"New":[204],"will":[206],"required":[208],"quantity":[213],"data":[215],"acquired":[216],"its":[218],"processing,":[219],"strategies":[224],"detection.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
